Health determinants, equity and intervention Flashcards
What are the 3 domains of public health?
Health protection - Concerned with measures to control infectious disease risks and environmental hazards Health improvement - Concerned with societal interventions (not primarily delivered through health services) aimed at preventing disease, promoting health, and reducing inequalities Improving services - Concerned with the organisation and delivery of safe, high quality services for prevention, treatment, and care
According to the Lalonde report, what are some determinants of health?
Genes Lifestyle Environment - physical, social and economic environment Healthcare
According to Dahlgren and Whitehead, what are some determinants of health?
Individual factors - age, sex, constitutional factors Social and community networks General socio-economic, cultural and environmental conditions - Living and working conditions, housing, education, work environment, water sanitation, unemployment, healthcare services, agriculture production
What are two types of equity and give examples of each?
Horizontal equity - equal treatment for equal need. i.e all patients with pneumonia get the same treatment Vertical equity - unequal treatment for unequal need i.e pneumonia patients get more Tx than someone with common cold. Patients from deprived backgrounds should get more treatment than those who are comfortable.
Explain the difference between public health interventions delivered at the population (ecological) and individual levels, using one example for each to illustrate your answer
Alcohol: 1) Population - minimum unit pricing for alcohol, Drink aware campaign 2) Community- GP posters advertising people to cut down on drinking 3) Individual - Alcohol detoxification services referred by GP
What are the dimensions of health equity and elaborate
Spatial: Geographical Social: age, gender, socioeconomic background, ethnicity
