HEALTH - COMMON CONCEPTS IN DRUG EDUCATION

Question 1

Drugs

Answer 1

• are any substances or chemicals which when taken into the body, either through nasal, oral, transdermal or intravenous way, have psychological, emotional and behavioral effects on a person.

Question 2

Drugs of abuse

Answer 2

• are drugs commonly abused by users. In the Philippines,
  the three most common drugs of abuse are shabu, marijuana and inhalants.

Question 3

Drug dependence

Answer 3

• is a cluster of physiological, behavioral and cognitive
  phenomena of variable intensity in which the use of a drug takes on a high priority, thereby creating a strong desire to take the substance.

Question 4

Drug misuse

Answer 4

• is the use of a substance incoherent or inconsistent with the prescribed dosage or frequency of use.
• prescription drug misuse can include: taking the incorrect dose; taking a dose at the wrong time; forgetting to take a dose; stopping medicine too soon.
• For example, if a person isn’t able to fall asleep after taking a single sleeping pill, they may take another pill an hour later, thinking, “That will do the job.” Or a person may offer his headache medication to a friend who is in pain.

Question 5

Drug abuse

Answer 5

• is the use of a substance for non-medicinal purposes. Abuse leads to organ damage like brain damage and liver damage, addiction and troubled behavioral patterns.

Question 6

Drug tolerance

Answer 6

• is the condition of the body to adapt to the effects of
  substances to the body, thus requiring an even larger amount of the substance to experience the same physiological and mental effect experienced when taking the smaller dosage.

Question 7

What is The Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002’s

Answer 7

• strict implementation of policies like the compulsory drug test for application for firearms licensing, entrance to military service, application of driver’s license, and others.

Question 8

Explain what is risk factors

Answer 8

• are those influences that increase the chances of using,
  misusing, and abusing drugs.

Question 9

Explain what is protective factors

Answer 9

• are those influences which decrease the chances of using, misusing, and abusing drugs.
• it counterbalance the negative effects of risk factors.

Question 10

What are the Domains of Life which Affect Drug Use and Abuse?

Answer 10

• Personal
• Family
• Peer and Friends
• School
• Community

Question 11

Risk and Protective Factors in Personal (Early Aggressive Behavior vs. Self-control):

Answer 11

Risk Factors:
 Use of drugs at an early age
 Risk-taking behavior
 Experimentation
 Poor social skills and interaction
 Childhood problems
 Feelings of isolation

Protective Factors:
 Self-control behavior
 Good reasoning skills
 Excellent social skills
 Positive interaction with people
 Sense of belonging

Question 12

Risk and Protective Factors in FAMILY (Weak Parental Guidance vs. Strong Parental Guidance)

Answer 12

Risk Factors:
 History and patterns of drug use
 Attitudes toward drug use
 Poor parenting and child rearing
 Inconsistent family rules
 Poor family values
 Poor family ties

Protective Factors:
 Good communication with people
 Positive family relationship
 Clear and consistent family rules
 Strong family values
 Positive expectation to child’s success
in family, school and community

Question 13

Risk and Protective Factors in PEERS AND FRIENDS (Substance Abuse vs. Academic Excellence)

Answer 13

Risk Factors:
 Association with peers and friends known to use gateway drugs (cigarettes and alcohol)
 Preference to stay with peers and friends than with family

Protective Factors:
 Association with peers and friends who do not use gateway drugs
 Formation of friendships
 Reliance on friends for emotional support
 Inviting friends at home to know the family

Question 14

Risk and Protective Factors in SCHOOL (Availability of Drugs vs. Strong Anti-Drug Policies)

Answer 14

Risk Factors:
 Poor academic performance
 Lack of commitment to studies
 Poor attendance in school
 Involvement in fights and conflicts

Protective Factors:
 Good to excellent academic
performance
 Participation to extra-curricular activities and school organizations
 Interest in attending classes

Question 15

Risk and Protective Factors in COMMUNITY (Poverty vs. Strong Community Relationship)

Answer 15

Risk Factors:
 Easy access to gateway drugs
 Poor community organization and neighborhood relationship
 Poor implementation of community laws
 Negative attitudes which favor drug use

Protective Factors:
 Strong community relationships
 Active and positive community
programs, projects and activities
for the youth
 Positive attitude which combat drug use
 Strong community advocacy against drugs

Question 16

Classification of Drugs of Abuse

Answer 16

1. Gateaway Drugs
2. Depressant Drugs
3. Stimulant Drugs
4. Narcotis
5. Hallucinogens
6. Inhalants

Question 17

Three listed major drugs of abuse in the Philippines:

Answer 17

• methamphetamine hydrochloride or “shabu”
• cannabis sativa or “marijuana”
• inhalants better known as “solvents”.

Question 18

Gateway drugs

Answer 18

• are legal drugs that anybody can buy and try, which may lead them to use more dangerous drugs such as marijuana and shabu.

Question 19

Depressant drugs

Answer 19

• slow down a person’s central nervous system (CNS). The Central nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
• Depressant drugs include alcohol, barbiturates,
  and tranquilizers.

Question 20

Stimulant drugs

Answer 20

• speed up a person’s central
  nervous system. Stimulant drugs have the opposite effect of depressants. Stimulants make a person’s energy high.
• Stimulants include amphetamines which include shabu, caffeine, nicotine, and cocaine.

Question 21

Narcotics

Answer 21

• are drugs that relieve pain and
  induce sleepiness. These drugs in medicine are administered in moderation to patients with mental disorders and those in severe pain like cancer.
• Narcotic drugs include cocaine, heroin, and marijuana.

Question 22

Hallucinogens

Answer 22

• are drugs that distort reality and facts. It affects all senses and makes a user see, hear, and feel things that do not exist in the time being.

Question 23

Inhalants

Answer 23

• are found in ordinary household chemical products and anesthetics. It is readily available and accessible to young children. Inhalant intoxication is like the signs and symptoms of alcohol intoxication.
• Examples of household products used as inhalants are acetone, rugby or solvent, ordinary and spray paint, cleaning fluids and air conditioner fluid (Freon).