ARTS - Neoclassic Flashcards
neoclassic came from the greek word ___ meaning ___ and the Latin word _____ similar in meaning to the english phrase ___
- neos
- new
- classicus
- first class
Western movement in decorative and visual arts was called ___
Neoclassicism
It also applies to ___, ___, ___, and ____ that were influenced by the classical art and culture of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome
literature, theater, music and architecture
The _____ _____ coincided with the 18th century ___ __ ____ also known as the Age of Enlightenment
Neoclassical movement, Age of Reason
The art style in this period was brought about by renewed interest in greek and roman classics. ______ such as ____, ____, and ____ generally portrayed Roman history which elevated the roman heroes
Neoclassical Art
such as paintings, sculpture, and architecture
Characteristics of Neoclassical
- portrayal of roman history
- formal composition
- the use of diagonals to show the peak of an emotion or moment (versus a regular moment)
- local color
- overall lighting
- classic geo-structure
period in which greek and roman principles and styles were reflected in society
Classicism
- renewed interest in classical ideals and forms that influenced european and american society through ideas, politics and fine arts during the 18th and 19th century.
Neoclassicism
- refers to art forms created after but inspired by the ancient times.
- derived from the classicism movement.
Neoclassicism
- embraced the ideals of order and moderation in
which artistic interpretations of classic Greek and Roman history were
restored to realistic portrayals.
NEOCLASSICAL PAINTING
Neoclassical painters gave great importance to the ___, ____ and details of _________ matter without adding distracting details but with as much historical accuracy as possible.
costumes, settings and details of classical subject-matter
NEO-CLASSICAL ARTISTS
- JACQUES-LOUIS DAVID (1748-1825) France
- JEAN-AUGUSTE-DOMINIQUE
INGRES (1780-1867) France
an influential French painter in the Neoclassical style, and considered to be the pre-eminent painter of the era. His
subjects of paintings were more on history.
JACQUES-LOUIS DAVID
(1748-1825) France
Famous Artworks: JACQUES-LOUIS DAVID
- THE DEATH OF MARAT
- NAPOLEON CROSSING THE ALPS
- OATH OF THE HORATII
Davidâs masterpiece shows the
portrayal of a revolutionary martyr. This is a painting of the murdered French revolutionary leader Jean-Paul Marat.
THE DEATH OF MARAT
showed a strongly idealized view of the real crossing that Napoleon and his army made across the Alps through the Great St. Bernard Pass in May 1800.
NAPOLEON CROSSING THE ALPS
Roman legend about the
dispute between Rome and
Alba Longa. The three
brothers, all of whom appear
willing to sacrifice their lives
for the good of Rome, are
shown saluting their father
who holds their swords out for
them.
OATH OF THE HORATII
- was a pupil of Jacques-
Louis David. He was influenced by Italian Renaissance painters
like Raphael, Nicolas Pousin,
Botticelli, and his mentor, Jacques-Louis David. - great exemplars of academic art and one of the finest Old Masters of his era.
JEAN-AUGUSTE-DOMINIQUE
INGRES
(1780-1867) France
His paintings were usually
nudes, portraits and mythological
JEAN-AUGUSTE-DOMINIQUE
INGRES
Famous Artworks: JEAN-AUGUSTE-DOMINIQUE
INGRES
- PORTRAIT OF NAPOLĂON ON THE IMPERIAL THRONE
- THE APOTHEOSIS OF HOMER
The painting depicts Napoleon in his decadent coronation costume, seated upon his golden-encrusted throne, hand resting upon smooth ivory balls.
the painting was owned by the Corps Legislatif which was a part of the French Legislature. The painting was believed to be
commissioned by Napoleon as King of Italy.
PORTRAIT OF NAPOLĂON ON THE IMPERIAL THRONE
The painting was a state-commission by Charles X to have him remembered in the building works of the Louvre. The painting depicts an
image of Homer, receiving all the brilliant men of Rome, Greece, and contemporary times.
THE APOTHEOSIS OF HOMER
one of the great ages of public sculpture. Artists looked to Roman styles during the time of Alexander the Great for inspiration as well as to mimic their style.
NEOCLASSICAL SCULPTURES
NEO-CLASSICAL SCULPTORS
- ANTONIO CANOVA
(1757-1822) Italy - BERTEL THORVALDSEN
(1789-1838) Denmark
- was a prolific Italian artist
and sculptor who became famous for his marble sculptures that delicately
rendered nude flesh. - opened the idea for portraying
discrete sexual pleasures by using pure contours with his mythological
ANTONIO CANOVA
(1757-1822) Italy
Famous artworks: ANTONIO CANOVA
- PSYCHE AWAKENED BY CUPIDâS KISS
- WASHINGTON
A marble sculpture portraying
the relationship of Psyche and
Cupid.
PSYCHE AWAKENED BY CUPIDâS KISS
This is a marble sculpture of Washington currently displayed at North Carolina Museum of History.
WASHINGTON
- the first internationally
acclaimed Danish artist. He executed sculptures of mythological and religious
themes characters.
BERTEL THORVALDSEN
(1789-1838) Denmark
Famous Artworks:
BERTEL THORVALDSEN
(1789-1838) Denmark
- CHRIST
- LION OF LUCERNE
A marble sculpture
image of resurrected
Christ currently located at
the Thorvaldsen Museum.
CHRIST (B. Thorvaldsen)
A sculpture of a dying lion in Lucerne, Switzerland that commemorates the Swiss Guards who were massacred in 1792 during the French
Revolution.
LION OF LUCERNE
styles started in the mid-18th century. It turned away from the grandeur of Rococo style and the Late Baroque. In its
purest form, Neoclassical architecture was a style principally derived from the
architecture of Classical Greece and Rome and the architectural designs of the Italian architect Andrea Palladio.
NEOCLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE
Types of Neoclassical Architecture:
- TEMPLE STYLE
- PALLADIAN STYLE
- CLASSICAL BLOCK STYLE
design was based on an ancient temple. These buildings were uncommon during the Renaissance as architects of that period focused mainly on applying classical elements to churches and modern buildings like palazzos and villas.
TEMPLE STYLE
a continuous line of
columns around a building, a rare feature of Renaissance architecture
peristyle
Many temple style buildings feature a _____, a rare feature of Renaissance architecture
peristyle
based on Andrea Palladioâs style of villa construction. Some of the buildings feature a balustrade which is a railing with vertical supports along the edge of the roof. There are vertical supports within a balustrade known as âbalustersâ or spindlesâ. It is also a classical method of crowning a building that has a flat or low lying roof.
PALLADIAN STYLE
a railing with vertical supports along the edge of the roof.
balustrade
There are vertical supports within a balustrade known as
âbalustersâ or spindlesâ
It is also a classical method
of crowning a building that has a flat or low lying roof.
balustrade
features a rectangular or square plan, with a flat roof and
an exterior rich in classical detail. The exterior features a repeated classical pattern or series of arches and/or columns. The overall impression of such a building was a huge, classically-decorated rectangular block.
CLASSICAL BLOCK STYLE
Classical block aesthetic was also known as _________, since
it was developed principally by the French Ăcole des Beaux-Arts (School of Fine Arts).
âBeaux-Arts styleâ,
Most famous Temple Style buildings of the Neoclassical age:
- PANTHEON, Paris, Jacques-Germain Soufflot
- BRITISH MUSEUM, London, Robert Smirke
- LA MADELEINE DE PARIS, Pierre-Alexandre Vignon
One of the famous
architects in the era of neoclassical structure:
ROBERT ADAM
(1728-1792) Britain
He was known as the Palladian architect of the Neoclassical who designed two well-known American civic buildings- The White House and the United States Capitol. He had also designed many country houses.
ROBERT ADAM
(1728-1792) Britain
Works of Robert Adam:
- WHITE HOUSE
- UNITED STATES CAPITOL
Famous Architects of this architectural style were: Classical Block style (neoclassical)
- HENRI LABROUSTE
- CHARLES GARNIER
His masterpiece is the Library of Sainte- GeneviĂšve.
HENRI LABROUSTE
â He designed the most famous classical block of all which is the Palais Garnier (a Neobaroque opera house).
CHARLES GARNIER
Architecture of Classical Block Style:
- LIBRARY OF SAINTE-GENEVIĂVE (H. Labrouste)
- PALAIS GARNIER âPARIS OPERA HOUSEâ (C. Garnier)
- NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY BY: CARRERE & HASTINGS ARCHITECTURAL FIRM, 1895
- BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY BY: CHARLES FOLLEN MCKIM, 1895
a movement in which the artists of Neoclassical period sought to break new ground in the expression of emotion, both subtle and stormy. It embraced a number of distinctive themes, such as a longing for history, supernatural elements, social injustices, and nature.
ROMANTICISM, 1800s-1810s
___________ also became more popular due to the peoplesâ romantic adoration of nature.
landscape painting
Romanticism was a reaction to the classical, ________________ of Neoclassical pieces.
contemplative nature
Characteristics of Romantic Arts
- shows the height of action
- emotional extremes
- celebrated nature as out of control
- dramatic compositions
- heightened sensation (life and death moments)
The paintings of the Romantic period gave more emphasis on emotion. Artists expressed as much feeling and passion as it could be on a canvas.
ROMANTIC PAINTING (Portraits/Figures)
The paintings of the Romantic period gave more ______________. Artists expressed as much feeling and passion as it could be on a canvas.
emphasis on emotion.
PAINTERS OF THE ROMANTIC PERIOD
- JEAN LOUIS THĂODORE GĂRICAULT
(1791-1824) France - EUGĂNE DELACROIX
(1798-1863) France - FRANCISCO GOYA
(1746-1828) Spain
the first French
master and the leader of the French realistic school. His masterpieces were energetic, powerful, brilliantly colored,
and tightly composed
JEAN LOUIS THĂODORE GĂRICAULT
(1791-1824) France
Famous Artworks: JEAN LOUIS THĂODORE GĂRICAULT
(1791-1824) France
- THE RAFT OF THE MEDUSA
- CHARGING CHASSEUR
- INSANE WOMAN
portrays the victims of a contemporary shipwreck.
THE RAFT OF THE MEDUSA (T. GĂ©ricault)
His first major work revealed the influence of the style of Rubens and an interest in the depiction of contemporary subject matter.
CHARGING CHASSEUR (T. GĂ©ricault)
One of several portraits Gericault made of the mentally disabled that has a peculiar hypnotic power.
INSANE WOMAN (T. GĂ©ricault)
- considered the greatest French Romantic painter of all.
He achieved brilliant visual effects using small, adjacent strokes of contrasting color. - the most influential to
most of Romantic painters and
eventually, his technique was adopted and extended by the Impressionist artists.
EUGĂNE DELACROIX
(1798-1863) France
Famous Artwork: EUGĂNE DELACROIX
(1798-1863) France
LIBERTY LEADING THE PEOPLE
This painting commemorates the July Revolution of 1830, which toppled King Charles X of France. A woman holding the flag of the French Revolution personifies Liberty and leads the people forward over the bodies of the fallen,.
LIBERTY LEADING THE PEOPLE (E. Delacroix)
was a commissioned
Romantic painter by the King of Spain. He was also a printmaker regarded both as the last of the âOld Mastersâ and the first of the âModernsâ.
FRANCISCO GOYA
(1746-1828) Spain
Famous Artworks: FRANCISCO GOYA
(1746-1828) Spain
- THE THIRD OF MAY
- SATURN DEVOURING HIS SON
- THE BURIAL OF SARDINE
masterpiece that sought to commemorate
Spanish resistance to Napoleonâs armies during the occupation of 1808 in the
Peninsular War.
THE THIRD OF MAY (F. Goya)
This artwork depicts the Greek
myth of the Titan Cronus (Saturn), who fears that he would be overthrown by one of his children, so he ate each one upon their birth.
SATURN DEVOURING HIS SON
(F. Goya)
The âBurial of the Sardineâ was a Spanish ceremony celebrated on Ash Wednesday and was a symbolical burial of the past to allow society to be reborn, transformed with new vigor.
THE BURIAL OF SARDINE
(F. Goya)
