Health Checks and Vascular diseases (s1) Flashcards
what are the 7 things the health check tries to target
causes of early mortality
hypertension smoking cholesterol obesity poor dietphysical activity alcohol consumption
what are the 5 aims of the health check
- to improve health and quality of life ( by identifying CV problems early)
-enable prevention of diabetes
-sustain a continuous increase in life expectancy
-reduce health inequalities
improve convenience and accessibility of testing facilities.
what are some of the health inequalities
socioeconomics, eithcal background, gender inequalities.
what are the most common vascular diseases related to the health checks (4)
coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, kidney disease
relationship between infection and vascular diseases
having pre-existint conditions increases the likelyhood of and individual suffering from other vascular condtions
name some fixed risk factors for vascular diseases
sex, family history, age, ethnicity
name some modifiable risk factors of vascular diseases
smoking, physical inactivity, high blood pressure, raised cholesterol levels, obesity
what are the pieces of information needed to conduct a health check? (9)
age gender smoking status level of physical activity family history of vascular disease ethnicity BMI random blood cholesterol measurment blood pressure
what do the results of the QRISK3 test show
high risk= 20+%
moderate risk= 10-20%
low risk=<10%
what is the purpose of the QRISK3 test
it shows the percentage chance of someone developing a vascular disease in the next ten years depending on their current health status
what advice can you give to patients depending on their QRISK3 percentage result
low risk- little to no changes, review their health in 5 years
medium to high risk- meds to lower cholesterol, meds for high blood pressure, excersise and diet changes may be required depending on the patient
what is some advice you could give to patients regarding their diet if they have a chance of vascular disease?
- reduce saturate fat intake
- increase mono-unsaturated and polyunsaturated foods, such as oilve oil and rapseseed oil
- choose whole grain varieties of starchy foods
- eat 5 fruit and veg a day
eat 2 portions of fish a week especially oily fish
some advice you can give to patients regarding excersise
at least 150 mins a week of high intensity aerobic respiration.
or 75 mins of vigerous intensity
advise muscle building excersises for 2 or more days a week
advise to work all major muscle groups
advice to give on alcohol consuption
no more than 14 units per week. have several alcohol free days.
how does statins reduce cholesterol
statins inhibit HMG co A reductase, which inhibits the production of low density lipoproteins. slowing down this production increases the livers ability to remove LDL already in the blood
what are the drug interactions for atorvastatin
- CYP3A4 inhibitors
-HIV protease inhivitors.
if they cannot be avoided small doses of the statin should be administered first.
ciclosporin, - telithromycin,
- clarithromycin
- , delavirdine,
- stiripentol,
- ketoconazole,
- Voriconazole
- , itraconazole,
- posaconazole,
- ritonavir,
- lopinavir,
- atazanavir,
- indinavir
- Darunavir
drug interactions of simvasiatin
- itraconazole,
- ketoconazole,
- Posaconazole
- , erythromycin
- , clarithromycin,
- telithromycin,
- nefazodone,
- ciclosporin,
- danazol
- gemfibrozil.
what is the ideal BMI? and what are the other stages
-ideal = 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 overweight= 25-29.9 obese grade 1= 20-34.9 grade 2= 35-39.9 morbidyly obese= >40
what is the ideal blood pressure
90/60 - 120/80mmHg
what are the normal cholesterol levels TChol LDL HDL TChol/HDL
TChol= 5 or less LDL = 3mmol/L or less HDL= 1.2 or more TChol/HDL= 4.5 or less
