Health Care System

Question 1

Main components of a health care system:

Answer 1

• human resources (health personnel, pharmacists etc)
• facilities (clinics, hospitals, nursing homes etc)
• health information system (to collect data)
• technology (vaccines, drugs, med devices, techniques, equipments)
• financing system (national health insurance, private insurance, MOH budget)
• governance/health policy (MOH)

Question 2

Objectives of NHS:

Answer 2

• ensure provision of med care that is TIMELY, AFFORDABLE, GOOD QUALITY.
• ensure social care is given (long term care)
• public health interventions (compulsory vacc against measles, food inspection, pollution control)

Question 3

Malaysian health care system:

Answer 3

• public sector is centralised and governed by government
• private sector mainly GP providers
• public sector provides care at nominal charge
• no national health insurance system
• in rural areas: klinik kesihatan and klinik desa

Question 4

Australian healthcare system:

Answer 4

• MEDICARE (compulsory national health insurance)
• to make healthcare affordable, increase provision of quality healthcare, increase access (PRICE QUALITY ACCESS)
• pharmaceutical benefits scheme (PBS)
• safety, quality, access

Question 5

Challenges faced by NHS:

Answer 5

• policy debates and differences
• cost control
• quality issues
• changing pattern of disease
• emergence
• globalisation effects
• healthcare of socially excluded groups