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Administration > Health Care Continuum > Flashcards

Health Care Continuum Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the health care system?

A

The organizations, institutions, and resources involved in delivering health care to individuals with the primary purpose to improve health

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2
Q

T/F: consideration of when and where an individual will access services and how long they will travel in the continuum is highly dependent upon personal behavior (lifestyle choices)?

A

True

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3
Q

What are the three broad stages that looks at groups rather than individuals?

A

Health living
Living healthier
Managing health

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4
Q

What is primary and secondary prevention?

A

Primary: aimed at reducing likelihood of developing an illness or incurring an injury

Secondary: reduces likelihood of secondary problems occuring

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5
Q

What settings can preventative health care occur in?

A

Can occur in many settings and by many modes such as wellness facilities and health clubs, HEP, or by community education and outreach

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6
Q

Preventative health care is frequently overlooked because it is pre entry into the system. true or false

A

True

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7
Q

What is an argument supporting preventative care?

A

Argued that this stage is where the most impact can be made on improving an individual’s health

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8
Q

What are characteristics of acute care?

A

Initial entry point for injury or illness.
Levels of care can be primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary.
Delivered in 3 major settings: general acute care hospital, specialized acute care hospital, other emergency health care centers

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9
Q

What are characteristics of general acute care hospital

A

Access gained by ER or admission onto a floor.

Can be: teaching or community, generalized or specialized, for profit or not for profit

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10
Q

What is trauma level for: stabilization trauma facility providing initial evaluation of patient and 24 hour emergency coverage?

A

Level IV

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11
Q

What level is a comprehensive trauma facility that is the regional resource of care for every aspect of serious injur?

A

Level I

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12
Q

What is a level III trauma facility?

A

General trauma facility that has continuous general surgical services and the ability to initiate care and stabilize the patient

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13
Q

What level is a facility that have major trauma facility that provides care for most serious injuries/illness?

A

Level II

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14
Q

What is level is a facility that has general trauma facility that has continuous general surgical services and the ability to initiate care and stabilize the patient?

A

Level III

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15
Q

What is a level IV trauma facility?

A

Stabilization trauma facility providing initial evaluation of patient and 24 hour emergency coverage

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16
Q

What is a level I trauma facility?

A

Comprehensive trauma facility is the regional resource of care for every aspect of serious injury

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17
Q

What is a level II trauma facility?

A

Major trauma facility provides care for most serious injuries/illness

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18
Q

How are acute care hospitals specialized?

A

Specialized based on condition, patient, procedure

Can also be a bed or unit within acute hospital or stand alone

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19
Q

What are examples of emergency care centers?

A

Ambulatory care centers, health centers, urgent care centers that don’t offer critical care but have limited emergency services

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20
Q

What are Medicare payment basics for each setting?

A

Inpatient: MS-DRGs, payment made per stay
Inpatient rehab: CMGs, payment rate made per stay
SNF: RUGs, payment per diem
Extended care: no payment
Home health: HHRGs, 60 day episode
Hospice: per diem
Outpatient: APC, service based payment system (FFS)

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21
Q

What are inpatient rehab facilities?

A

Acute: minimum of 3 hours of therapy per day from ore than one therapy
Sub-acute: requires less than 3 therapies
Free standing, unit within hospital or skilled nursing facility

22
Q

What are characteristics of sub acute health care?

A

Care for people who need less intensive care provided by acute care facility but more intensive than what is provided by chronic custodial or home care services

Several types: SNF, assisted living, nursing homes, swing beds

23
Q

What are characteristics of SNF (3)?

A

Can offer generalized or specialized care programs.

Patients classified according to resource utilization groups III (RUGS III) which determine the number, types, amount of therapy can receive and be reimbursed by medicare.

Regulated by multiple agencies but licensed by state.

24
Q

What a swing bed?

A

In small or rural hospitals.
A positive intermediary step.
Incorporated into SNF prospective payment system.

25
Q

How are extended care facilities designed?

A

Designed to care for those who need assistance with ADLs or with medical needs.

Needed when someone has a condition that is likely to last for a long period of time or for the rest of his or her life.

3 types: long term acute care, nursing homes, assisted living

26
Q

What do assisted living facilities provide?

A

Added assistance of personal care

27
Q

What do nursing home care provide?

A

Custodial care to maintain patients at their current level of function

28
Q

Who goes to long term acute care facilities?

A

Medically stable but fragile patients that need extended medical and nursing care.

May be too ill for discharge to a nursing facility, an acute care rehab hospital, or their homes.

29
Q

What are ambulatory care services?

A

Outpatient: provide therapeutic intervention for those not needing hospitalization

Day treatment programs: intensified and structured like an inpatient program with less restrictive environment of outpatient care treatment programs

30
Q

What are home health services?

A

provided to those with the intent of restoring function or maintaining level of function. If medically necessary home care is covered by insurance.

31
Q

what are hospice services?

A

Provided for intent of maximal comfort and safety of dying patients typically with 6 months or less to live. Hospice services can be provided in the home environment or in a specialty facility

32
Q

What is the clinical service line continuum?

A

Provides services for a set of related disorders such as clinical areas of cardiology, oncology, orthopedics, and neurology

33
Q

What is a practice analysis?

A

Most important aspects of practice.
What is safe and effective care.
Relevant knowledge, skills, abilities.
Used for certification examination development.

34
Q

What is the guide to PT practice?

A

Describes practice in general
Describes roles in different arenas of continuum of patient care
Describes the settings
Standardizes terms
Describes tests and measures
Defines practice patterns that drives PT diagnosis: mus-skel, neuro, cardio, integumentary

35
Q

What is PT scope of practice?

A

Screening
Consultant
Contracting
Referral

36
Q

What is training for physicians?

A

MD (allopathic)
DO (osteopathic)
Undergrad degree followed by 4 years med school, then residency in area of specialty
Must pass state licensure requirements and exams

37
Q

What is education and job title for PAs?

A

Take med history, examine and treat patients, order and interpret labs and xrays and make diagnosis
Treat minor injuries by suturing, splinting, and casting, and order or carry out therapy
Can prescribe meds
Require completion of accredited, formal education program and passage of national exam.
Programs last at least 2 years and are full time

38
Q

What is training for nursing?

A

LPN: requires one year of training at hospital, vocational school, or community college
RN: two year associates, four year bachelors, masters degree from 18-24 month program, doctoral degree prepares nurses for careers in admin, research, or advanced practice

39
Q

What are OTs?

A

help people develop, recover or maintain their ability to perform tasks in their daily living and working environments. They work with individuals who have conditions that are mentally, physically, developmentally, or emotionally disabling. A master’s degree is currently the minimum requirement.

40
Q

What are RTs?

A

treat and care for patients with breathing or other cardiopulmonary disorders. An associate’s degree is required for entry into the field. Most programs award associate’s or bachelor’s degrees.

41
Q

What are SLP? Recreational therapists? Music therapists?

A

assess, diagnose, treat, and help to prevent speech, language, cognitive-communication, voice, swallowing, fluency, and other related disorders. A master’s degree is required.

42
Q

What is recreational therapist

A

provide treatment services and recreation activities to individuals with disabilities or illnesses. A bachelor’s degree in therapeutic recreation is the usual requirement for entry-level positions.

43
Q

What is music therapist?

A

assess emotional well-being, physical health, social functioning, communication abilities, and cognitive skills through musical responses; design music sessions for individuals and groups based on client needs using music improvisation, receptive music listening, song writing, lyric discussion, music and imagery, music performance, and learning through music. A bachelor’s degree is the minimum requirement.

44
Q

What are orthotics and prosthetics

A

evaluate, fabricate and custom fit of artificial limbs and orthopedic braces. A bachelor’s or master’s degree and certification by the American Board for Certification is required.

45
Q

What are athletic trainers

A

specialize in the prevention, assessment, treatment, and rehabilitation of musculoskeletal injuries. A bachelor’s degree is required.

46
Q

What are exercise physiologists?

A

delivers treatment services concerned with the analysis, improvement, and maintenance of health and fitness, rehabilitation of heart disease and other chronic diseases and/or disabilities, and the professional guidance and counsel of athletes and others interested in athletics, sports training, and human adaptability to acute and chronic exercise. An academic degree in exercise physiology or similar area or certification by examination is required.

47
Q

What are dietitians or nutritionists

A

plan food and nutrition programs and supervise the preparation and serving of meals. Promote healthy eating habits and recommend dietary modifications. A minimum of a bachelor’s degree in dietetics, foods and nutrition, food service systems management, or a related area. State requirements for practice are quite varied

48
Q

What are vocational rehab counselors

A

help those who have been seriously injured or ill including mental illness and drug addiction find meaningful employment or return back to their jobs.

49
Q

What are social workers

A

help those individuals and families who are having problems such as homelessness, illnesses or abuse. They may be classified as child, family and school social workers, medical and public health social workers or mental heath and substance abuse social workers. A minimum of a bachelor’s degree is required as is licensure.

50
Q

What are DC?

A

diagnose and treat patients whose health problems are associated with the body’s muscular, nervous, and skeletal systems, especially the spine.

Requirements: 2 or 4 years undergrad, completion of 4 year program at accredited college

Require minimum 4200 hours of combined classroom, lab, clinical experience

51
Q

What are alternative medicines?

A

Massage: regulation and training varies
Homeopathy: medical treatment based on use of minute quantities of remedies taht in larger doese produce effects simlar to those of the disease being treated
Personal trainers
Acupuncture: varied requirements and regulation, stimulation of anatomical points on body to facilitate body’s own natural healing

Administration (4 decks)

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