Health behaviours Flashcards
What is (defined by WHO) the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health. Moving beyond a focus on individual behaviour towards a wide range of social and environmental interventions?
Health promotion
Behaviour change interventions can target which 3 groups?
1) Healthy people (prevention)
2) Ill people (eg medication)
3) Health professionals (who deliver effective, evidence-based health care)
What are the 4 main models of behaviour change?
Health Belief Model
Theory of Planned Behaviour
Transtheoretical model
COM-B model
What are the 4 factors that the Health Belief Model says influence an individual’s change in behaviour?
1) Susceptibility
2) Serious consequences
3) Action reduces susceptibility
4) Benefits outweigh costs of action
Does the Health Belief Model account for ____ variables and ______ characteristics (personality, peer-pressure)
Demographic
Psychological
What does the Health Belief Model consider although not necessary for behaviour change?
Internal and external cues
What does the Health Belief Model recognise may prevent a healthy behaviour change?
Perceived barriers
Criticism for the Health Belief Model
Self-efficacy and outcome expectancy may also predict health behaviour. These aren’t accounted for.
Doesn’t consider influence of emotions on behaviour.
The Theory of Planned Behaviour proposes the best predictor of behaviour is ______
intention
Intention (Theory of planned behaviour) is determined by what 3 things?
1 - Attitude to behaviour
2 - Subjective norm (social pressure)
3 - Perceived behavioural control (ability to perform, like self-efficacy)
Perceived control, anticipated regret, preparatory actions, implementation intentions and relevance to self are all factors that bridge _____ to _____
intention
behaviour
Criticism of Theory of Planned Behaviour
Lack of temporal element, doesn’t specify when intentions lead to behaviour. Doesn’t account for relapse.
Doesn’t consider emotions that may disrupt “rational” decision making.
Why is The Theory of Planned Behaviour good?
Takes into account importance of social pressures and norms, alongside perceived control
What are the 5 stages within the Transtheoretical model?
Precontemplation
Contemplation
Preparation
Action
Maintenance
The transtheoretical model acknowledges…
Individual stages of readiness
Relapse
Temporal element
Allows interventions to be tailored to individual according to stage.
Disadvantages of transtheoretical model
Not all people move through every stage
Change may operate on continuum rather than in discrete stages
What does COM-B model stand for?
Capability
Opportunity
Motivation
Behaviour
What does the Capability mean in COM-B model?
Psychological or physical ability to perform behaviour
What does Opportunity mean in COM-B model?
Physical and social environment that enables behaviour
What does Motivation mean in COM-B model?
