Health Behaviours

Question 1

What is health related behaviours

Answer 1

Anything that may promote good health or lead to illness e.g. smoking, drinking and taking exercise

Question 2

Why the concern about behaviours

Answer 2

At least one third of all disease burden in developed world is caused by tobacco, alcohol, blood pressure, cholesterol and obesity

Question 3

What are the stats related to behavioural risk factors

Answer 3

Tobacco use, physical inactivity and unhealthy diet are responsible for about 80% of coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease

Question 4

Stats about smoking

Answer 4

Smoking is estimated to cause 71% of all cancer deaths, 42% of chronic respiratory diseases and nearly 10% of cardiovascular diseases

Question 5

What are the health-related theories

Answer 5

Learning and social cognition

Question 6

What are the type of learning conditions

Answer 6

Operant conditioning and social conditions models theory

Question 7

What is operating conditions

Answer 7

Behaviour reinforce if you ‘reward’ the person and behaviour decrease if it is ‘punished’

Question 8

What is the problem with operating conditioning

Answer 8

Unhealthy behaviours are needed you rewarding

Question 9

What are the limiting factors of operating conditioning

Answer 9

Based on simple stimulus responses,
no accounts cognitive processes,
no account of social context

Question 10

What contribute to social learning theory

Answer 10

Behaviour is goal directed and people are motivated to perform behaviours

Question 11

How are they related to health related behaviours

Answer 11

Influence of family and harmful behaviours

Question 12

Define the social cognition model

Answer 12

These theories look at how we decide to behave in particular ways

Question 13

What is the cognitive the dissonance theory

Answer 13

Discomfort when hold inconsistent beliefs or actions don’t match beliefs

Question 14

Draw out the theory of planned behaviour

Answer 14

Attitude towards behaviour , Subjective norm, perceived control link to the intention which in turn causes the behaviour

Question 15

Why is there a problem with intervention need to change behaviour

Answer 15

Multiple and poorly integrating models of behaviour, they have variable and modest affects and impact depends on the type of behaviour the population being targeted and the context

Question 16

Why don’t people behave in ways that promote health

Answer 16

Lack of capability, insufficient opportunity and motivation

Question 17

What is the nudge theory 

Answer 17

Focus on unconscious influences on behaviour

Change behaviour by changing the environment, using positive reinforcement , using messaging and indirect suggestions

Question 18

How can the nudge theory be successful

Answer 18

It must decrease the effort required to make the desired choice and improve our motivation to opt for that choice

Question 19

Why do we need to take caution on individual behaviour change

Answer 19

Maybe outside individuals control, risk of victim blaming and single intervention that target a specific behavioural risk of little impact on determinants that actually cause poor health

Question 20

Why is a comprehensive strategy to tackle this problem

Answer 20

A behaviour change approach, a strong policy framework that creates a supportive environment and the empowerment of people to gain more control over making healthy lifestyle decisions