Health Behaviors Flashcards
Behavioural pathogens
health damaging behavior
Behavioural immunogens
health protective behaviour
What are 4 characteristics of a person dependent on a substance?
- Repeatedly self-administered
- Tolerance
- Withdrawal
- Compulsive behavior
What is an Addiction?
Physically or psychologically dependent on a substance following use over a period of time
Physical dependence
when the body has adjusted to the substance and its use is required for normal functioning
Tolerance
Process by which the body increasingly adapts to the use of a substance, requiring larger and larger doses of it to obtain the same effects.
Craving
Strong desire to engage in a behavior or consume a substance
what causes the strong desires of cravings?
seems to result from a physical dependence and from a conditioning process
Withdrawal
The unpleasant symptoms (both psychological and physical) that people experience when they stop using a substance on which they have become dependent.
what are some symptoms of withdrawal?
nausea, headache, shaking, hallucinations, irritability, cravings, anxiety
___________ is the 3rd leading cause of death after smoking and sedentary lifestyle
Alcohol consumption
What are factors of Alcohol abuse (not Alcohol use)?
- Failure to fulfill obligations
- Recurrent physically hazardous use
- Recurrent alcohol-related legal problems
- Continued use despite alcohol-related social or interpersonal problems
differentiate between problem drinking and alcoholism?
Problem drinking – substantial social, psychological, and medical problems
Alcoholism – involves physical dependency (high tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, lack control over their drinking), social, psychological problems
Symptoms of Alcoholism
- Drinking despite health problems related to drinking ( cardiovascular or liver function)
- Decrease in job performance
- Inability to function socially without alcohol
- Legal difficulties
- Difficulties with family and friends
- Need for daily use
- Inability to cut down (does not provide the same feeling)
- Repeated efforts to control drinking
- Binge drinking
- Loss of memory or blacking out
psychological treatment for alcoholism
Broad-spectrum CBT (cog behavioral therapy) found to be the most effective therapy, it is often used to treat biological and environmental factors involved in alcoholism simultaneously.
treatment for hardcore alcoholics
Typically occurs in a carefully supervised and medically monitored setting; Therapy (CBT) begins once “dried out
Cognitive behavioral therapy
- Self-monitoring phase (baseline phase)
-understand situations. Identify triggers - Contingency contracting (key to behavioral portion of therapy)
- agrees to punish negative behaviors
- Cognitive Restructuring
Change belief that cannot do it. (eg. I can do it with help) - Developing a sense of self-efficacy
consequences of alcohol abuse
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Alcohol-related accidents Retardation of brain cell growth Cirrhosis of the liver, liver disease Problems with the pancreas Hypertension CHD Brain disease
___________ is the single greatest cause of preventable death.
smoking
Overall, smoking has decreased except in ________ __________.
college students
What is the leading preventable cause of mortality and morbidity
Tobacco
which has a higher relapse rate? smoking or alcohol
Smoking
peer and family influence in (adolescence)
It is estimated that over 70% of cigarettes smoked are done so in the presence of a peer
self-image and smoking (adolescence)
The image of the “smoker” is often seen as rebellious, tough, mature
Factors of smoking in adolescence
peer and family influence
self-image
Weight Control
Mood
mood and smoking (adolescence)
Aggressive tendencies, depression, stress, psychological distress
