Health and Wellness DSA

Question 1

What is a disadvantage of the USPSTF guidelines?

Answer 1

The guidelines do not take into account the costs of the recommended interventions

Question 2

Define Grades A and B of the USPSTF guidelines

Answer 2

Grade A: high certainty of benefit and the net benefit is substantial

Grade B: high certainty of benefit and the net benefit is moderate

Question 3

What USPSTF grades should be offered or provided?

Answer 3

Grades A and B

Grade C should be offered selectively

Question 4

According to the CDC’s immunization schedules, when should vaccines be offered?

Answer 4

Vaccines should be offered if the patient meets the age requirements OR there is lack of documentation OR evidence of past infection/immunity

Question 5

Who should receive the influenza vaccine annually?

Answer 5

Everyone

(healthy adults of all ages, Smokers, T2DM, and Asplenics)

Question 6

Who should receive the Td or TDAP vaccine and when?

Answer 6

Everyone every 10 years

(healthy adults, smokers, T2DM, and Aplenics)

Question 7

Who should NOT receive the Varicella vaccine?

Answer 7

Healthy adults over age 65

Question 8

Who should NOT receive the Zoster vaccine?

Answer 8

Healthy adults between the ages of 19-49

(starts at age 50)

Question 9

Who should NOT receive the Pneumococcal vaccine?

Answer 9

healthy adults between the ages of 19-64*

*unless they are smokers, T2DM, and asplenics over age 19

Question 10

Who should receive the Meningococcal vaccine?

Answer 10

Healthy adults between the ages of 19-49 and Asplenics every 5 years

Question 11

According to the CDC, what is moderate exercise?

Answer 11

Moderate-intensity aerobic activity

Able to carry on a conversation

Question 12

What are some examples of moderate activity?

Answer 12

walking briskly @ a 15-minute mile

light snow shoveling

raking/bagging leaves

push mower

biking at <10mph

Question 13

What are some examples of vigorous-intensity exercise?

Answer 13

Jogging/running

swimming laps

Question 14

According to the CDC, what are some examples of muscle and bone-strengthening activities for children and adolescence?

Answer 14

Muscle: tug of war, resistance exercises, climbing

Bone: jump rope, running, sports with jumping/direction changes

Question 15

According to the National Institute on Aging, what are some examples of the following exercises?

Endurance:

Strength:

Flexibility:

Balance:

Answer 15

Endurance: Aerobics (walking/biking)

Strength: Resistance bands/weights

Flexibility: Yoga, Tai Chi, Stretching

Balance: Heel-Toe walking, Standing on one leg

Question 16

How active should children ages 3-5 be?

Answer 16

physically active throughout the day

Question 17

How active should children (6-17) be?

Answer 17

60 minutes per day

combo of moderate to vigorous intensity with bone/muscle building

Question 18

How active should adults be?

Answer 18

150 minutes/wk of moderate-intensity

or

75 minutes/wk of vigorous-intensity

or

combination of the two

Question 19

What is the activity recommendations for older adults?

Answer 19

same as adults, but with additional balance activities

Question 20

The NIA and Health.gov have the same recommendations as the CDC for physical activity, exept for what recommendation for adults?

Answer 20

Health.gov recommends adults attain 150-300min/wk of moderate-intensity aerobic activity

+2 days/wk of muscle training

Question 21

What is the recommended serving of vegetables?

Answer 21

2.5c equivalent/d

.5c cooked or 1c raw

Examples: dark greens, beans/pea/lentils, starchy vegs, etc

Question 22

What is the recommended amount of fruits?

Answer 22

2c eq/d

.5c cooked or 1c raw

examples: whole fruit

Question 23

What is the recommended serving of grains?

Answer 23

6oz eq/d

1 slice of bread of .5c oats/rice

Example: at least 50% should be whole grains

Question 24

What is the recommended amount of protein?

Answer 24

23oz/wk

encourage seafood 2x/wk

Examples: lean cuts, meat, poultry, eggs

Question 25

What is the seafood recommendations?

Answer 25

8oz/wk

alternate with meat choices,

Example: 4oz x2/wk

Question 26

What is the nuts/seeds/soy recommendations?

Answer 26

5oz/wk

Question 27

Using the plate method, what are the dietary recommendations?

Answer 27

50% fruits/veg

25% grains

25% protein

*most Americans do not meet these recommendations

Question 28

What are 5 ways to approach diet conversation with patients?

Answer 28

1. begin with diet history
2. meet them where they are
3. encourage small changes
4. plan for busy lifestyle
5. encourage picky eaters

Question 29

What are some recommendations for those with limited food resources?

Answer 29

fresh, frozen, dried and canned foods are options

Low salt/sugar options are best

Consider casseroles and soups to stretch limited resources

Question 30

What are some ways to accomodate a busy lifestyle?

Answer 30

Healthier frozen food options, meal planning, healthy take-out options

Question 31

What are some ways to educate picky eaters?

Answer 31

Encourage them to try one new food per week

childern often need to try a new food 10+ times before acquiring a taste

Question 32

What is the main nutrient that is limited in the DASH diet?

What is required?

Answer 32

Sodium content

important for patients to read labels and understant Na content

Educating the patient requires a team approach