Health and Wellbeing in a Global Context

Question 1

Human Development characteristics (PLEAD)

Answer 1

Participate in the life of their community and decisions affecting their lives
Lead long, healthy, productive and creative lives according to their needs and interests
Expanding people’s choices and enhancing capabilities
Access to knowledge, health and resources needed for a decent standard of living
Develop to their full potential

Question 2

Human Development characteristics - P

Answer 2

Participate in their community and decisions affecting their lives

Question 3

Human Development characteristics - L

Answer 3

Lead productive, creative lives according to their needs and interests

Question 4

Human Development characteristics - E

Answer 4

Expanding people’s choices and enhancing capabilities

Question 5

Human Development characteristics - A

Answer 5

Access to knowledge, health and a decent standard of living

Question 6

Human Development characteristics - D

Answer 6

Develop to their full potential

Question 7

What is GNI

Answer 7

Gross National Income

Question 8

How do we classify countries

Answer 8

High income country
Middle income country
Low income country

Question 9

Why classifying countries are important

Answer 9

Guiding policies and interventions to improve health and wellbeing experienced

To identify issues in other countries and provide assistance if necessary

Question 10

Characteristics of high, middle and low income countries (SEE)

Answer 10

Social
Economical
Environmental

Question 11

Who developed the MODERN classification system of countries

Answer 11

WORLD BANK

Question 12

High income GNI per capita range

Answer 12

$12, 696 or more

Question 13

Upper-middle income GNI per capita range

Answer 13

$4,096 - $12,695

Question 14

Lower-middle income GNI per capita range

Answer 14

$1,046 - $4,095

Question 15

Middle income GNI per capita range

Answer 15

$1,046 - $12,695

Question 16

Low income GNI per capita range

Answer 16

$1045 or less

Question 17

High income countries

Answer 17

Australia, Canada, USA

Question 18

Upper-middle income countries

Answer 18

China, Russian Federation, Turkey

Question 19

Lower-middle income countries

Answer 19

India, Pakistan, Cambodia

Question 20

Low income countries

Answer 20

Chad, Zimbabwe, Uganda

Question 21

What is poverty

Answer 21

A term commonly used to describe the lack of access to resources, often as a result of a lack of access to money, can be expressed as the proportion of those with incomes less than US $1.90 per day (extreme poverty wage)

Question 22

Economic characteristics (PRAG)

Answer 22

Poverty
Range of industries
Average income
Global trade

Question 23

What does global trade rely on

Answer 23

Relies on infrastructure such as roads, ports and airports which high income countries have, allowing transportation of goods

Question 24

Identify characteristics common among low income countries relating to economics

Answer 24

Often have low average incomes
Infrastructure is often underdeveloped
Very few trade industries
Greater proportion of extreme poverty compared to high income countries

Question 25

Social characteristics (THEEGBSL)

Answer 25

Technology Health systems Employment Education Gender equality Birth rates & population growth Social security systems Legal systems

Question 27

Factors that contribute to similarities and differences in health status and burden of disease (PIGSS)

Answer 27

Poverty Inequality and discrimination Global distribution and marketing Safe water Sanitation

Question 28

Access to safe water

Answer 28

Refers to water that is not contaminated with disease-causing pathogens such as bacteria and viruses, or chemicals such as lead or mercury

Question 29

Why we need safe water

Answer 29

Consumption - essential for optimal functioning of every cell in the body. Body cannot store water for later use, so must be consumed regularly Washing and hygiene- clean water is required to maintain high levels of personal hygiene and prevents infection through handwashing, bathing and showering

Question 30

Examples of waterborne diseaes

Answer 30

Gastroenteritis Diarrhoea Dysentery Cholera

Question 31

Access to sanitation

Answer 31

Refers to the provision of facilities and services for safe disposal of human urine and faeces

Question 32

Why we need sanitation

Answer 32

To maintain hygienic conditions such as garbage collection and wastewater disposal Open defecation can end up in water sources and contaminate it

Question 33

A simple communal toilet facility, often a trench dug in the ground or a pit

Answer 33

Latrine

Question 34

Living on less than than US $1.90 per day

Answer 34

Extreme poverty

Question 35

When conditions associated with both poverty and wealth exist side-by-side in one community (e.g. malnutrition and obesity)

Answer 35

Double burden

Question 36

Those living on less than 50% of their country's average income

Answer 36

Relative poverty

Question 37

Refers to deprivation of resources to meet basic needs like food, clothing and shelter

Answer 37

Poverty

Question 38

What is poverty

Answer 38

Education Healthcare Adequate housing Government services (e.g. social protection and infrastructure) Nutritious food Clean water and sanitation

Question 39

A communicable disease transmitted by mosquitoes

Answer 39

Malaria

Question 40

Can be described as transforming the different societies of the world into one global society

Answer 40

Globalisation

Question 41

When a person or group of people are treated differently than others due to various reasosn

Answer 41

Discrimination

Question 42

A communicable disease you can catch from contaminated water

Answer 42

Cholera

Question 43

The process of eliminating contact between human and hazardous waste

Answer 43

Sanitation

Question 45

Common forms of discrimination (GRRSS)

Answer 45

Gender identity Race Religion Sex Sexual orientation

Question 46

Define human rights

Answer 46

The freedoms and conditions that every person is entitled to

Question 47

The state of not being equal, especially in status and opportunities

Answer 47

Inequality

Question 48

When a person or group of people are treated differently than other people, often on the grounds of Race, Religion, Sex, Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity (GRRSS)

Answer 48

Discrimination

Question 49

When a person is treated less favourably by another person in a similar situation because of their race, colour, descent, national or ethnic origin or immigrant status

Answer 49

Racial discrimination

Question 50

Based on religion or beliefs not allowing human rights and minimising access to education, health services and employment

Answer 50

Religious discrimination

Question 51

Gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect by absorbing heat. Examples of this gas include carbon dioxide and chlorofluorocarbons (used in the manufacture of aerosol sprays)

Answer 51

Greenhouse gases

Question 52

A slowly moving mass or river of ice formed by the accumulation and compaction of snow on mountains or near the poles

Answer 52

Glacier

Question 53

The variety of different plants, animals and micro-organisms, their genes and the ecosystems of which they are a part

Answer 53

Biodiversity

Question 54

An underground layer of rock, sediment or soil that contains water

Answer 54

Aquifers

Question 55

Plants that remove salt, especially from sea water so that it can be used for drinking or irrigation

Answer 55

Desalination plants

Question 56

The decrease in the pH levels of the ocean that occurs when carbon dioxide in the atmosphere reacts with the sea water

Answer 56

Acidification

Question 57

A community of living things and the non-living components of the environment in which they live. Can include plants, animals, micro-organisms, water, air, soil and rocks

Answer 57

Ecosystem

Question 58

The process whereby boundaries between countries are reduced or eliminated allowing individuals, groups and companies to act on a global scale

Answer 58

Globalisation

Question 59

Those who are forced to leave their home because of war or persecution

Answer 59

Displaced people

Question 60

A person seeking international protection and whose refugee status is yet to be determined

Answer 60

Asylum-seekers

Question 61

A situation where a person does not have citizenship of any country. These individuals have no protection of their human, social or political rights and cannot access education or healthcare or have freedom of movement

Answer 61

Statelessness

Question 62

Provision of facilities and services for the safe disposal of human urine and faeces, but can also refer to the maintenance of hygienic conditions through services such as garbage collection and wastewater disposal

Answer 62

Sanitation

Question 63

If a question asks for 'factors', what do you talk about?

Answer 63

PIGSS

Question 64

PIGSS

Answer 64

Poverty Inequality and discrimination Global distribution Sanitation Safe water

Question 65

Poverty

Answer 65

Refers to the deprivation of resources to meet basic needs such as food, clothing and shelter

Question 66

Extreme poverty

Answer 66

Those living on less than USD $1.90 a day

Question 67

Explain discrimination

Answer 67

Unjust treatment and the violation of rights of an individual due to factors such as their age, ethnicity, religion, gender, sexual orientation or socioeconomic status

Question 68

Globalisation

Answer 68

Globalisation is the process whereby boundaries between countries are reduced or eliminated, allowing individuals, groups and companies to act on a global scale

Question 69

The process whereby boundaries between countries are reduced or eliminated, allowing individuals, groups and companies to act on a global scale

Answer 69

Globalisation

Question 70

Global distribution and marketing

Answer 70

The advertising, selling and delivery of products on a global scale; for example the global marketing of alcohol, tobacco and processed foods

Question 71

The advertising, selling and delivery of products on a global scale; for example the global marketing of alcohol, tobacco and processed foods

Answer 71

Global distribution and marketing

Question 72

When a question asks 'similarities and differences in health status and burden of disease', what do you talk about

Answer 72

PIGSS

Question 73

HDI

Answer 73

Human Development Index

Question 74

Dimensions of the Human Development Index (HDI)

Answer 74

A long and healthy life Knowledge A decent standard of living

Question 75

Indicators of the Human Development Index (HDI)

Answer 75

Life expectancy at birth Mean years of schooling Expected years of schooling Gross National Income per capita

Question 76

Indicator for a long and healthy life

Answer 76

Life expectancy at birth

Question 77

Indicators for knowledge

Answer 77

Mean years of schooling Expected years of schooling

Question 78

Indicator for a decent standard of living

Answer 78

Gross National Income per capita

Question 79

Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

Answer 79

Sustainability

Question 80

Define sustainability

Answer 80

Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

Question 81

Who created the Human Development Index (HDI)

Answer 81

United Nations

Question 82

Infectious diseases which are transmitted from the environment, such as air, water, food and other infected organisms including humans (e.g. HIV/aids, malaria, diarrhoeal diseases)

Answer 82

Communicable diseases

Question 83

Communicable diseases

Answer 83

Infectious diseases which are transmitted from the environment, such as air, water, food and other infected organisms including humans (e.g. HIV/aids, malaria, diarrhoeal diseases)

Question 84

Conditions or diseases that are usually long-lasting and generally progress slowly, also known as lifestyle diseases. They are not spread throughout the environment (e.g. cardiovascular disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes)

Answer 84

Non-communicable diseases

Question 85

Non-communicable diseases

Answer 85

Conditions or diseases that are usually long-lasting and generally progress slowly, also known as lifestyle diseases. They are not spread throughout the environment (e.g. cardiovascular disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes)

Question 86

A country that has not progressed adequately with regard to economic, demographic and mortality indicators

Answer 86

Low income country

Question 87

Define low income country

Answer 87

A country that has not progressed adequately with regard to economic, demographic and mortality indicators

Question 88

A country that has progressed adequately with regard to economic, demographic and mortality indicators

Answer 88

High income country

Question 89

Define high income country

Answer 89

A country that has progressed adequately with regard to economic, demographic and mortality indicators

Question 90

Patterns of social, environmental and economic activity that have an affect at some stage in the future and require action to be taken at a global level

Answer 90

Global trends

Question 91

Implications for health and wellbeing of climate change (RECC)

Answer 91

Climate change Rising sea levels Changing weather patterns Extreme weather events

Question 92

Implications for health and wellbeing of conflict and mass migration (MC)

Answer 92

Conflict Mass migration

Question 93

Implications for health and wellbeing of world trade and tourism (WT)

Answer 93

World trade Tourism

Question 94

Implications for health and wellbeing of digital technologies (DC)

Answer 94

Digital technologies Challenges of digital technologies

Question 95

Economic sustainability (JITE)

Answer 95

Job creation Innovation and diversity of industries Trade Economic growth

Question 96

Social sustainability (PPEGA)

Answer 96

Peace and security Promotion of political and legal right Elimination of poverty and the provision of social protection systems Gender equality Access to safe and decent working conditions

Question 97

Environmental sustainability (WUBC)

Answer 97

Waste removal and pollution Use of natural resources Biodiversity Climate change