Health and Safety Flashcards
Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999, the minimum you must do is:
Health and Safety at Work Act 1974
HSE.gov.uk
identify what could cause injury or illness in your business (hazards) (IDENTIFY THE RISK)
decide how likely it is that someone could be harmed and how seriously (the risk) (ASSESS THE RISKS)
take action to eliminate the hazard, or if this isn’t possible, control the risk (PREVENT OR CONTROL THE RISK)
do everything ‘reasonably practicable’ to protect people from harm.
EXAMPLE of HSE of Tree Surgeon
- Avoid working at height
- Prevent falls by using appropriate access equipment
- Reduce the distance and consequences of a fall.
Define a biocidal product
Typically it’s a mixture of chemicals and will include the ‘active substance’. The active substance has the controlling effect on the harmful organism.
Can sometimes be inactive until combined with another product causing a reaction.
What is the legislation for biocidal called?
GB Biocidal Products Regulations (GB BPR)
How to determine what/when to use biocides
- Do you need to use it or alternative available?
- Do you already have something suitable?
- Only buy what you need
- Be sure the biocide will do what you require.
- ALWAYS follow label instructions.
When are you considered a professional user of biocides?
use biocides as part of their job or in their business
have received appropriate information, instruction and training in the use of those biocides
hold specific certification relating to a particular use of biocides
What is PPE ?
Personal Protective Equipment
Gloves
Coveralls
Eye protection
How to use biocide without harming wildlife?
Not treat near bodies of water
Not treating areas with roosting bats
Not treating beehives.
How do you store the product?
cool, dry place
Original Container
Locked up (if req’d) or out of reach of pets and children
How to dispose of product?
Hazardous waste
In accordance with local regulations.
What are the common risks in cleaning?
slips
trips
skin disease
back pain
working at height
window cleaning
What are rhe health issues with commercial composting?
Bioaerosols -
Aeration important
Turning of compost aerates
In-vessel systems usually have forced air ventilation which is less likely to create bioaerosols.
at the end of either process often the compost is screened (sieved) to produce a quality soil supplement and this could create bioaerosols.
Repeated inhalation triggers immune system developing asthma, farmer’s lung.
What is COSHH
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (COSHH) 2002 (as amended)
IDENTIFY
ASSESS
CONTROL
- Ensure safety of staff
- Substitution preference
- apply protection measures appropriate to the activity and consistent with the risk assessment
- Control exposure
- Appropriate work systems
- Reduce quantity on site
.
What is the Health and Safety at Work Etc. Act 1974
It ensures that all employers provide a safe working environment and look out for the health of their employees—wherever their place of work.
Provide Safe Place
Provide Safe Equipment
Provide adequate training
Carry out risk assessments
Provide proper facilities (toilets, water, heating and AC - if kitchen, equip must be safe and clean)
Appoint competent person to oversee H&S.
WHO: Yourself, anyone competent, but not necessarily trained, or outside organization.
What is the The Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992 (updated 2022)
Every employer and self employed shall ensure that suitable personal protective equipment is provided to his employees who may be exposed to a risk to their health or safety unless the risk has been adequately controlled by other means which are more effective.
- Appropriate
- fits
- effective
- complies
Manual Handling Operations
Regulations 1992 (updated 2002)
control and reduce the risk of injury from manual handling.
is very varied (such as construction or maintenance);
■ takes place at more than one location (such as making deliveries);
■ involves dealing with emergencies (such as fire-fighting, rescue and medical emergencies).
Individual
Group
Multi-Stage Assessments
Guide to handling people as well
What is the Electricity at Work Regulations 1989
You must ensure an assessment has been made of any electrical hazards, which covers:
who could be harmed by them
how the level of risk has been established
the precautions taken
The risk assessment incl electrical equipment used, the way used and the environment it is used in.
You must make sure that the electrical installation and the electrical equipment are:
suitable for their intended use
conditions used
only used for their intended purpose
Users of electrical equipment, including portable appliances, should check the equipment each time they use it and remove the equipment from use immediately if:
the plug or connector is damaged
the cable has been repaired with tape, is not secure, or internal wires are visible etc
there are burn marks or stains (suggesting overheating)
What is The Control of Noise at Work Regulations 2005 (Noise Regulations 2005)
require employers to prevent or reduce risks to health and safety from exposure to noise at work.
ASSESS
TAKE ACTION to reduce noise
Provide hearing protection
Make sure legal limits of noise are not exceeded
Provide instruction and training
lower exposure action values:
daily or weekly exposure of 80 dB(A)
peak sound pressure of 135 dB(C)
upper exposure action values:
daily or weekly exposure of 85 dB(A)
peak sound pressure of 137 dB(C)
What are hazards in a horticultural sense?
A range of factors that could cause injury or illness:
Chemical - pesticides
Biological/Bioaerosols - Biocides
Electrical - Equipment
Heights - Tree maintenance
Noise - equipment
Equipment - handled correctly and maintained well
Personal Protection Equipment
What is a risk assessment for hort?
documents in which the impacts of hazards and risks are stored.
- Identify,
a. think about what may cause harm
b. Look at records/see chemicals used etc.
c. Pay attention to maintenance schedules etc. - Assess the level of risk,
a. How likely will someone be harmed
b. What is already being done and what to improve?
c. What further action required - Prevent or Control
a. Remove risk completely, if possible
b. How can this be improved?
c. Provide PPE? - Record findings if 5 or more employees
- Review the controls - required
What are DATA SHEETS
Safety data sheets provide information on chemical products to make a risk assessment. They describe the hazards the chemical presents, and give information on handling, storage and emergency measures in case of accident.
RUN BY COSHH - file ONLINE
NOT A RISK ASSESSMENT - use this info to build risk assessment
If you supply chemicals to others, you must pass on this info.
How would you review a risk assessment?
- the impact the risk assessment might have on working practices
- Options to eliminate or control risks
Identify hazards
Assess the risks
Control the risks
Record your findings
Review the controls
Safety Sign Colours
RED: PROHBITION SIGN - Danger/Alarm - Evacuate/Emergency Cut-off; dangerous behavior’s.
Behaviour likely to increase or cause danger (eg: No access for unathorized persons)/ Red circle with line striking thru.
Yellow/Amber: Warning Sign; Take precautions (Ex: danger: electricity).
Blue: Mandatory Sign: Specific behaviour or action: Eg. Wear protective gear
Green: Emergency escape/first aid sign. Used for doors, escape routes, equip and faciliites
NO danger/Return to normal
What to list on a risk assessment form?
What are the hazards
Who might be harmed and how?
What are you already doing to control the risk?
What further action should you take to control the risk?
Who needs to carry out the action?
When is the action needed by?
Storage, care & maintenance of PPE, tools and equipment
demonstrate you understand about the storage,
care and maintenance of PPE, tools and equipment
AO2 – you should demonstrate you can apply theoretical concepts to horticultural scenarios
AO3 – you should be able to demonstrate how you integrate this knowledge across the topic areas covered in Level 2
DEFINE PPE
“PPE is defined in the PPER 1992 as ‘all equipment (including clothing affording
protection against the weather) which is intended to be worn or held by a
person at work and which protects the person against one or more risks to that
person’s health or safety, and any addition or accessory designed to meet that
objective’.
PPER 1992 places a duty on every employer in Great Britain to ensure that suitable PPE is provided to ‘employees’ who may be exposed to a risk to their health or safety while at work.
PPER 2022 extends this duty to limb (b) workers and came into force on 6 April 2022. Employers need to carefully consider whether the changes to UK law
apply to them and their workforce and make the necessary preparations to comply.
If PPE is required, employers must ensure their workers have sufficient information, instruction and training on the use of PPE.
PPE should be regarded as the last resort to protect against risks to health and safety. Engineering controls and safe systems of work should be considered first.”
What are the “controls” in order for PPE
“Consider controls in the following order, with elimination being the most effective and PPE being the least effective:
- Elimination – physically remove the hazard
- Substitution – replace the hazard
- Engineering controls – isolate people from the hazard
- Administrative controls – change the way people work
- PPE – protect the worker with personal protective equipment”
How to select what PPE?
who is exposed
- what they are exposed to
- how long and how much they are exposed to
Additional PPE selection considerations:
COSHH data sheets, risk assessments, operator, instruction and product
manuals should help to inform the most appropriate PPE for each horticultural
task, process and situation.
Choose products which are CE (EU Safety approved) OR
UKCA marked
Check the PPE is the right size and fit for the worker.
How to store PPE?
should be stored and cared for appropriately – for example in a clean and dry cupboard.
If PPE is reusable it must be cleaned and kept in good condition.
Workers should report any PPE issues with equipment or clothing issued to them.
PPE should be regularly monitored and reviewed:
What is PUWER requirement
Work Equipment Requirements:
*“suitable
*safe for use,
- received training
*suitable health and safety measures, such as protective devices and controls.
*used in accordance with specific requirements
What are the hardware and software risk controls?
HARDWARE: providing suitable guards,
protection devices, markings and warning devices, system control devices (such as emergency stop buttons) and personal protective equipment;
SOFTWARE: following safe systems of
work (eg ensuring maintenance is only performed when equipment is shut
down etc), and providing adequate information, instruction and training about
the specific equipment.
