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APC > Health and Safety > Flashcards

Health and Safety Flashcards

1
Q

What health & safety legislation are you aware of?

A

The Health and Safety at Work act 1974

Construction Design Management Regulations 2015

Work at Height Regulations 2005

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2
Q

How do you ensure that you comply with H&S legislation?

A

I ensure I undertake all my activities in line with the RICS guidance surveying safely.

Before undertaking an activity I will review the relevant guidance to ensure I comply with the obligations. For example, at inception stage I will engage out H&S team to review the project and ensure the CDM regs are complied with.

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3
Q

What are the penalties under current health & safety legislation?

A

CDM - Failure to do so can result in criminal prosecution, substantial fines, and custodial sentences.

HSAW Act - Sanctions include fines, imprisonment and disqualification.

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4
Q

Is it a criminal offence to breach the H&S at Work Act 1974?

A

Yes, sanctions include fines, imprisonment and disqualification.

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5
Q

Tell me about your employer’s health & safety policy?

A

My company has a H&S policy statement which outlines its commitment to comply with its duties under the HSAW Act. We undertake annual online training on a variety of topics such as working at height, PPE and asbestos.

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6
Q

What are your health & safety duties as an individual surveyor?

A

Individual responsibilities include:
* performance: being competent to perform their
work safely (including understanding the limits of their
competence (skills, knowledge and experience)

  • control: being able and prepared to work within
    accepted or designated systems of work
  • adaptability: being able to recognise and adapt to
    changing circumstances at all times
  • vigilance: remaining vigilant, at all times, for their own
    safety and that of colleagues and others
  • awareness: being able to recognise their own abilities
    and limitations and
  • teamwork: being an effective member of a team.
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7
Q

What guidance does the RICS produce about H&S?

A

RICS Surveying Safely 2018

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8
Q

Tell me something you understand from reading Surveying Safely.

A

‘Safe Person’ Concept -

RICS considers the concept of a ‘safe person’ to mean
that each individual assumes individual behavioural
responsibility for their own, their colleagues’ and others’
health and safety while at work.

The purpose of health and safety is to minimise the risk of
harm; it is not necessary for somebody to have an injury,
suffer ill health or a near miss for the risk of harm to be
apparent.

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9
Q

Tell me something you understand from reading Surveying Safely.

A
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10
Q

When was Surveying Safely last updated?

A

February 2019

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11
Q

What are the key changes on the latest SS update?

A

What are the key changes?

The RICS have introduced the ‘safe person’ concept. This is when ‘each individual assumes individual behavioural responsibility for their own, their colleagues’ and others’ health and safety while at work’.

There is also a greater emphasis on ensuring the competence of individuals, including their responsibility to ensure the use of safe work equipment and safe systems of work for themselves and others.

Furthermore, RICS Regulated Firms must ensure they provide:

A safe working environment

Safe work equipment

Safe systems of work

Competent staff

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12
Q

What is the safe person concept?

A

‘Safe Person’ Concept -

RICS considers the concept of a ‘safe person’ to mean
that each individual assumes individual behavioural
responsibility for their own, their colleagues’ and others’
health and safety while at work.

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13
Q

What must Regulated Firms provide under SS?

A

Furthermore, RICS Regulated Firms must ensure they provide:

A safe working environment

Safe work equipment

Safe systems of work

Competent staff

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14
Q

What happened in the case of Suzy Lamplugh, and why is this important for surveyors?

A

Ms Lamplugh vanished aged 25 after going to show a client a flat in Fulham, west London, on July 28 that year.

She was never found and was declared dead in absentia in 1993, but the case has remained a mystery.

This highlights the importance of appropriate lone working arrangements.

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15
Q

What is Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?

A

Personal protective equipment is protective clothing, helmets, goggles, or other garments or equipment designed to protect the wearer’s body from injury or infection.

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16
Q

What is a risk assessment?

A

A risk assessment is the process of identifying what hazards exist, or may appear in the workplace, how they may cause harm and to take steps to minimise harm.

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17
Q

What is a risk?

A

risk is the likelihood of something bad happening

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18
Q

What is a hazard?

A

A hazard is a potential source of harm.

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19
Q

How would you undertake a risk assessment before attending site?

A

I would review all information available to me including drawings, asbestos surveys and review on google maps along with any other client provided site specific information.

From this I would undertake a written risk assessment, identifying the risks and their control measures. Including access, working at height and lone working arrangements.

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20
Q

What is asbestos?

A

Asbestos is a group of six naturally occurring minerals made up of thin, microscopic fibers.

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21
Q

What legislation are you aware of in relation to asbestos?

A

Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012

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22
Q

What do you understand by the Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012?

A

The Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012 requires the dutyholder to manage the risk of asbestos by:

Taking appropriate steps to determine if there are any asbestos containing materials (ACMs) present. If any is found, the amount, location and condition needs to be recorded.

Presuming that materials contain asbestos unless there is strong evidence to indicate otherwise.

Producing and maintaining up-to-date records of the location and condition of all ACMs.

Assessing the risk of the identified materials.

Preparing a plan that clearly sets out in detail how the risks will be managed.

Taking the necessary steps to put the plan into action.

Reviewing and monitoring the plan and arrangements to act on it so that it remains relevant and up-to-date.

Providing information on the location and condition of the ACMs to anyone who is liable to work on or disturb them.

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23
Q

Who is the duty holder under the Control of Asbestos regulations 2012?

A

The dutyholder is the owner of the non-domestic premises or the person or organisation that has clear responsibility for the maintenance or repair of non-domestic premises.

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24
Q

How does asbestos cause lung damage?

A

The asbestos fibers irritate and scar lung tissue, causing the lungs to become stiff. This makes it difficult to breathe.

25
Q

What are the two types of asbestos survey?

A

Asbestos management survey

Refurbishment and demolition asbestos survey

26
Q

When was asbestos banned?

A

1999

27
Q

What is an asbestos survey/management plan?

A

A survey of a premises with the purpose of the management survey is to manage asbestos-containing materials (ACM) during the normal occupation and use of premises.

28
Q

Explain the key principles of the new RICS guidance relating to asbestos.

A

‘Take reasonable steps to find materials likely to contain asbestos.

Presume materials contain asbestos unless there is strong evidence to suppose they do not.

Assess the risk of anyone being exposed to asbestos from these materials.

Make a written record of the location and condition of ACMs and presumed ACMs and keep it up to date (the management survey).

Repair or remove any material that contains or is presumed to contain asbestos, if necessary, because of its location, condition or the likelihood of it being disturbed.

Prepare and put into effect an asbestos management plan (AMP) to manage exposure risk’.

29
Q

What is occupational health?

A

Occupational safety and health , is a multidisciplinary field concerned with the safety, health, and welfare of people at work

30
Q

What are the Construction (Design & Management) Regulations 2015?

A

The Construction (Design & Management) Regulations (CDM 2015) are the main set of regulations for managing the health, safety and welfare of construction projects. CDM applies to all building and construction work and includes new build, demolition, refurbishment, extensions, conversions, repair and maintenance.

31
Q

When were the CDM regulations last updated?

A

2015

32
Q

What changes were made to the CDM regulations in the last update?

A

CDM Co-Ordinator replaced with Principal Designer.

If there is one or more contractor – including trade contractors – or it can be reasonably foreseen that more than one contractor will be working on the project at any time, the client has the duty of appointing a principal designer.

33
Q

What is a notifiable project?

A

A construction project is notifiable if the construction work is expected to: last longer than 30 working days and have more than 20 workers working at the same time at any point on the project or. exceed 500 person days.

34
Q

Tell me about your understanding of fire safety?

A

Fire safety in buildings relates to the procedures and physical barriers put in place to ensure the safety of a buildings occupants in the event of a fire.

35
Q

What is the key fire safety legislation?

A

The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005

36
Q

Tell me about your understanding of the Equality Act 2010.

A

he Equality Act 2010 replaced the Disability Discrimination Acts of 1995 and 2005.

Section 20 states that disabled individuals should not face barriers to access premises. If a barrier is faced and the disabled individual is put at a substantial disadvantage in relation to a non-disabled individual, then the service provider is under an obligation to make reasonable adjustments to facilitate access.

This extends beyond the duty just to facilitate physical access, e.g. through ramps or lift access. It also relates to the way in which services are provided, which could include auxiliary aids such as hearing loops or visual aids.

Reasonable adjustments can be made through changing the way that things are done, changing physical features or providing additional aids or services.

37
Q

Explain what RIDDOR is.

A

Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 2013 (RIDDOR 2013) come into force.

RIDDOR is the law that requires employers, and other people in charge of work premises, to report and keep records of:

work-related accidents which cause deaths

work-related accidents which cause certain serious injuries (reportable injuries)

diagnosed cases of certain industrial diseases; and
certain ‘dangerous occurrences’ (incidents with the potential to cause harm)

38
Q

What is a CSCS card?

A

Construction Skills Certification Scheme - provides proof that individuals working on construction sites have the appropriate training and qualifications for the job they do on site.

39
Q

What is COSHH?

A

Control of Substances Hazardous to Health

40
Q

Explain any recent changes to Part B that you are aware of.

A

The ban on combustible materials in and on the external walls of buildings, introduced in 2018, will now apply to hotels, hostels and boarding houses – in addition to blocks of flats, hospitals, student accommodation and dormitories in boarding schools.

41
Q

Explain your understanding of the Fire Safety Act 2021.

A

For buildings covered by the Fire Safety Act 2021, the provisions of the Fire Safety Order are extended to include the:

Structure

External walls of the building, e.g., cladding, balconies, front doors and windows

Common parts

Doors between the individual premises

Under the amendments, all Responsible Persons will be required to assess, manage and reduce fire risk associated with the above elements of a building. Proof of compliance is likely to be related to the above risk-based guidance in the proposed PAS 9980.

The Fire and Rescue Service will be able to take enforcement action against Responsible Persons who do not comply with the new legislative requirements.

The Fire Safety Act 2021 does not address remediation costs relating to cladding, which is likely to be addressed in the Building Safety Act.

42
Q

What is the role of the Building Safety Regulator?

A

overseeing the safety and standards of all buildings

helping and encouraging the built environment industry and building control professionals to improve their competence

leading implementation of the new regulatory framework for high-rise buildings

43
Q

Explain your understanding of the Building Safety Act 2022.

A

Applies to new or existing occupied buildings over 18 metres high or seven storeys or more, which contain at least two residential units. The design, refurbishment, and construction requirements also apply to care homes and hospitals meeting the same height threshold.

Creates a universal change in responsibility and culture within the building industry.

Establishes a more effective regulatory and responsibility framework for the construction industry and introduces clearer standards and guidance.

Puts residents at the heart of a new system of Building Safety.

Clarifies who has responsibility for Fire and Building Safety throughout the life cycle of a higher risk building.

44
Q

Which is the most common type of asbestos?

A

chrysotile

45
Q

How often should a lift be inspected under LOLER?

A

6-12 months

46
Q

What changes were brought in by the Personal Protective Equipment at Work (Amendment) Regulations 2022?

A

Under PPER 2022, the types of duties and responsibilities on employers and employees under PPER 1992 remain unchanged but are extended to limb (b) workers, as defined in PPER 2022.

If PPE is required, employers must ensure their workers have sufficient information, instruction and training on the use of PPE.

A limb (b) worker now has a duty to use the PPE in accordance with their training and instruction, and ensure it is returned to the storage area provided by their employer.

Limb (b) describes workers who generally have a more casual employment relationship and work under a contract for service – they do not currently come under the scope of PPER 1992

47
Q

Why might tagging be used on scaffolding?

A

to illustrate whether they are compliant with Health and Safety Executive (HSE) regulations. Scaffolding tags quickly show workers when scaffolding is safe to use and, more importantly, when not.

48
Q

Explain how you ensure your personal safety on site?

A

I undertake a formal written risk assessment prior to attending site, reviewing all available information. If attending a site I will ensure I sign in and undertake an induction with the site manager. If undertaking a survey I will undertake a dynamic risk assessment.

49
Q

Explain how you ensure the security of your personal possessions on site?

A

I will endeavor not to leave personal possessions unattended while on site, if this is required I will ensure these are left in a secure lockable area.

50
Q

Tell me about how you ensure good health & safety practices whilst on site.

A

I will ensure that I sign in and undertake an induction if required. When on site I will be vigilant and any hazards I will ensure I report to the relevant person.

51
Q

Tell me about when you have used PPE on an inspection.

A

When undertaking a snagging inspection of a new build medical centre, I wore steel toe cap boots, a hi visibility jacket and a hard hat to ensure my safety during the inspection.

52
Q

What would you do if you suspected asbestos existed on a site
inspection?

A

I would stop the inspection, report this to the responsible person and ensure this area is sampled prior to re-attending.

53
Q

Tell me about any specific precautions you would take when inspecting a dilapidated property.

A

I would be aware of un-authorised access and undertake a pre-check prior to entry.

I would be wary of fragile surfaces, and would not walk on these if
the integrity could not be confirmed.

dress in robust and durable clothing including footwear that is suited to the conditions;

ensure you have a powerful torch with you, as many rooms may have their windows boarded over and will be in virtual darkness;

look for dangling wires, bare cables and a smell of gas, as electric and gas services in empty properties can pose a danger especially if damaged through vandalism

54
Q

What hazardous materials have you come across in your work?

A

Asbestos

Mould

Dust

55
Q

London – how did you assess risk?

A

I reviewed all information received about the property, including location, drawings, vacant status, asbestos survey to establish the site specific risks, from this I produced the formal risk assessment.

56
Q

What precautions did you take on site (London)?

A

I wore full PPE including a hard hat, steel toe cap boots and a hi vis due to the dilapidated nature, however due to the likely presence of unauthroised persons I did not enter the premises.

57
Q

How did you dynamically assess risk?

A

I walked around the external areas of the premises to check the security shutters on the doors and windows, as well as looking at the overall condition of the fabric of the building.

58
Q

Why did you stop your inspection?

A

One of the steel security doors was damaged and bent open, indicating that unauthorised access had occurred, therefore it may not be safe to enter the premises.

59
Q

How was access made safe?

A

The client attended site with the police, who removed the squatters inside, before fitting new security doors and a void detection system.

APC (10 decks)

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