health and human aos3

Question 1

categories of diseases

Answer 1

infectious and parasitic diseases, injury and poisoning, respiratory diseases, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases

Question 2

what is public health?

Answer 2

organization and collective effort to improve the health status of the entire population, and ways the government monitor, regulate, and promote health status and prevent dieases

Question 3

who/what do public health forces on

Answer 3

population groups rather than individuals

Question 4

what is old public health?

Answer 4

focused on changing the physical environment to prevent the spread of diseases

Question 5

old public health policies and practices

Answer 5

improve water and sanitation, mass immunization programs, safer working conditions, better food and nutrition, and introduction of quarantine laws

Question 6

the biomedical model

Answer 6

focuses on the physical or biological aspects of disease

Question 7

defining features of the biomedical model of health

Answer 7

it is relatively expensive, it forces on the disease itself, it is responsible for many development in medical technology, it focusses of individuals with disease, not the whole population, it accounts for a large proportion of the health budget.

Question 8

examples of the biomedical model.

Answer 8

• stitches to assist the healing of a cut or laceration.
• surgery to replace a hip or remove appendix.
• chemotherapy to treat cancer.
• medication to lower blood pressure.
• X-rays to diagnose fractured bones.

Question 9

strengths of the biomedical model.

Answer 9

• it creates advances in technology and research.
• many common problems can be effectively treated.
• extends life expectancy.
• improves quality of life.

Question 10

limitations of biomedical model.

Answer 10

• it relies on professional health workers and technology so therefor it is costly.
• it doesn’t promote good health.
• not every condition can be treated.

Question 11

new public health.

Answer 11

it focusses on the prevention of ill-health among population. has a primary focus on lifestyle diseases, came into effect in the mid 1970s. aims to change unhealthy behaviours by addressing the sociocultural and environmental factors that contribute to inequities in health outcomes.

Question 12

the social model

Answer 12

it was developed in response to many lifestyle disease increasing and some population groups not experiencing the same improvements in health and wellbeing as the rest of the population.

Question 13

characteristics of the social model of health

Answer 13

• it is relatively inexpensive.
• prevent diseases.
• it aims to target disadvantaged groups.
• it has 5 key principles.

Question 14

strengths of social model

Answer 14

• promotes good health and preventing diseases.
• overall health and wellbeing
• relatively inexpensive.
• focuses on vulnerable population groups.
  -education can be passed from generation to generation.

Question 15

limitations of the social model of health.

Answer 15

• not every condition can be prevented.
• does not promote the development of technology and medical knowledge.
• it does not address health and wellbeing concerns of individuals.
• health promotion messages may be ignored.

Question 16

I- dear.
intersectional collaboration

Answer 16

it made many sectors work together such as health sector, education sector, Government and non-government organisations and includes things like road safety.

Question 17

I-dear.
addresses the broader Determination of health

Answer 17

factors such as education, income, occupation, housing, access to health care and cultural barriers play a significant role in health outcomes, such as indigenous health campaigns

Question 18

I-dear
Empowers individuals and communities

Answer 18

embrace health programs if they play a part in the planning and delivery like given skills and resources, such as healthy eating programs at school.

Question 19

I-dear
- acts to increase access to healthcare

Answer 19

many people still lack access to health care for a variety of reasons; cultural, economic, geographic, educational, transport, and language. things such as breast cancer vans that travel around Australia.

Question 20

I-dear
acts to reduce social inequalities.

Answer 20

in order to improve the health and well-being of disadvantaged groups, these inequalities must be specifically targeted. such as welfare payments.

Question 21

relationship between the biomedical model and the social model

Answer 21

both models of health and well-being and illness from different perspectives. both have strengths and limitations and can both improve health and well-being in ways that the other can’t.

Question 22

health promotion ottawa charter

Answer 22

enabling people to take control over, and improve their health.

Question 23

advocate (Ottawa Charter)

Answer 23

many groups within society do not have the same opportunities as the rest of the population. this strategy aims to speak on behalf of these groups so that the influence of health is as favorable as possible. examples are; social media campaigns, publishing Research, and lobbying governments.

Question 24

enable (Ottawa charter)

Answer 24

this strategy aims to provide people with the knowledge and skills required to take over and improve their health. examples are education, empowering people through campaigns, and access to resources, i.e. housing, food, and equality.

Question 25

mediate (Ottawa Charter)

Answer 25

different groups in society have different priorities, this strategy aims to work with all groups to ensure the greatest health achievements can be made. mediating between groups to resolve conflicts and improve health outcomes. examples; changes to funding, legislation and laws. i.e reducing speed limits around schools

Question 26

build healthy public policy (action areas)

Answer 26

laws and policies can be made by governments and non-government organizations that promote health. examples; seatbelt laws, and no hat no play.

Question 27

create supportive environments

Answer 27

sociocultural and physical environment should be manipulated so that healthier choices are made easier. example; reducing the price of fresh food or installing bicycle paths.

Question 28

strengthen community actions.

Answer 28

maximum benefits to health are achieved when all groups work together to achieve a common goal. examples; road safety illustrates this action area, schools, parents, police governments, and the TAC all play a role in promoting road safety.

Question 29

develop personal skills

Answer 29

this area is concerned with education, when people have the skills to improve their health and wellbeing. examples; teaching people how to select and prepare health foods.

Question 30

reorient health services

Answer 30

the health system must change focus to health promotion instead of just focusing on treating disease. examples of this are doctors prescribing exercise before a person has a health attack, and nurses talking to schoolchildren about the importance of regular health checkups.