health and healthy in reduced periodontium

Question 1

biologic width

Answer 1

epithelial attachment plus supracrestal connective tissue attachment

Question 2

pocket depth

Answer 2

gingival margin to base of sulcus

Question 3

CAL formula

Answer 3

PD + recession

PD-overgrowth

Question 4

what determines treatment needs?

Answer 4

probing pocket depth

Question 5

what estimates tissue destruction?

Answer 5

clinical attachment level

Question 6

what measures inflammation and disease activity?

Answer 6

bleeding on probing

Question 7

periodontal indices

Answer 7

CAL
PD
BOP

Question 8

inflammation shown by?

Answer 8

plaque

BOP

Question 9

systemic condition

Answer 9

smoking
diabetes
disease affecting periodontium

Question 10

periodontal health, gingival diseases and conditions

Answer 10

• periodontal health and gingival health
• gingivitis: dental biofilm-induced
• gingival disease: non-dental biofilm induced

Question 11

what is the biology of clinical gingival health?

Answer 11

generally associated with an inflammatory infiltrate and a host response consistent with homeostasis

Question 12

on a site level, how do we classify clinical gingival health?

Answer 12

1. clinical gingival health on an intact periodontium
2. clinical gingival health on a reduced periodontium
   - -stable periodontitis patient
   - -non-periodontitis patient (e.g. recession, crown lengthening)

Question 13

what does the periodontium consist of?

Answer 13

• pdl
• gingiva
• bone
• cementum

Question 14

clinical features of health on an intact periodontium

Answer 14

• no attachment loss
• probing depths less than 3 mm
• less than 10% BOP
• no bone loss–1.0-3.0 mm apical to CEJ
• no symptoms

Question 15

clinical features of health on reduced periodontium

Answer 15

• no BOP, erythema, edema, or symptoms
• reduced clinical attachment and bone levels
• probing attachment loss
• pockets less than 3 mm
• less than 10% BOP
• possible bone loss

Question 16

intact periodontium

Answer 16

NO loss of periodontal tissue

Question 17

reduced periodontium

Answer 17

a periodontium with pre-existing loss or periodontal tissue and bone, but not progressive, ongoing loss of attachment

Question 18

examples of attachment loss/bone loss due to non-periodontitis reasons

Answer 18

• ortho
• soft tissue recession after surgical crown lengthening
• gingival abrasion with tooth brushing
• cervical dental caries
• physiologic bone resorption in edentulous area

Question 19

dental plaque biofilm-induced gingivitis

Answer 19

an inflammatory lesion from plaque biofilm and hosts immune response
-remains within gingiva and does not extend to periodontal attachment (cementum, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone)

Question 20

signs of gingivitis

Answer 20

• swelling
• bleeding on probing
• redness
• discomfort on gentle probing

Question 21

symptoms of gingivitis

Answer 21

• bleeding gums
• pain
• halitosis
• difficulty eating
• appearance
• reduced oral health – related to quality of life

Question 22

T/F radiographs can be used to diagnose gingivitis

Answer 22

false

you can’t see bone loss bc it’s just soft tissue

Question 23

classifications of gingivitis

Answer 23

• gingivitis on intact perio
• gingivitis on reduced perio in non-perio patient
• ging inflammation on reduced perio in a successfully treated perio patient

Question 24

what is the main difference between gingivitis and periodontitis

Answer 24

bleeding on probing

Question 25

difference between gingivitis on intact and reduced periodontium

Answer 25

-reduced perio has probing attachment loss and possible bone loss

Question 26

stable periodontitis patient

Answer 26

perio patient who demonstrates clinical signs of perio health on periodontium who was previously diagnosed with perio but has been successfully managed in past and is currently stable (typical periodontal maintenance patient) * probing depth less than 4 mm

Question 27

non-dental plaque-induced gingival diseases

Answer 27

- genetic/developmental disorders - specific infections - inflammatory and immune conditions - reactive processes - neoplasms - endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases - traumatic lesions - gingival pigmentation

Question 28

viral origins of gingival diseases

Answer 28

- coxsackie virus - herpes I & II - varicella zoster - human papilloma virus

Question 29

fungal origin of gingival dieases

Answer 29

- candidosis | - other mycoses, e.g. histoplasmosis

Question 30

inflammatory and immune conditions

Answer 30

- hypersensitivity reactions - autoimmune diseases - granulomatous inflammatory lesions - hypersensitivity reactions: contact allergy, plasma cell gingivitis, erythema multiforme

Question 31

autoimmune diseases that cause gingival disease

Answer 31

pemphigus vulgaris pemphigoid lichen planus lupus erythematosus

Question 32

granulomatous inflammatory lesions

Answer 32

- crohn's disease | - sarcoidosis

Question 33

reactive processes

Answer 33

1. epulides - fibrous epulis - calcifying fibroblastic granuloma - vascular epulis (pyogenic granuloma) - peripheral giant cell granuloma

Question 34

neoplasms

Answer 34

I. premalignancy--leukoplakia, erythroplakia | II. malignancy--squamous cell carcinoma, leukemic cell infiltration, lymphoma (hodgkin or non-hodgkin)

Question 35

endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases

Answer 35

I. vitamin deficiences -- vitamin C deficiency

Question 36

traumatic lesions

Answer 36

- physical/mechanical trauma - chemical (toxic) burn - thermal insults

Question 37

gingival pigmentation

Answer 37

- melanoplakia - smoker's melanosis - drug-induced pigmentation - amalgam tattoo

Question 38

diagnosis is not only based on site evaluation but?

Answer 38

patient evaluation

Question 39

periodontal health is defined by?

Answer 39

absence of clinically detectable inflammation

Question 40

2 broad categories of gingival disease

Answer 40

1. non-dental plaque biofilm-induced gingival diseases | 2. dental plaque-induced gingivitis

Question 41

dental plaque-induced gingivitis may arise on what or what

Answer 41

intact periodontium or on reduced periodontium

Question 42

the treated and stable periodontitis patient with current gingival health still remains at risk for what?

Answer 42

recurrent periodontitis