HEALTH AND DISEASE // Short Answer Question

Question 1

What is a pathogen?

Answer 1

Pathogens are disease producing organisms

Question 2

What is meant by the word Quarantine?

Answer 2

Quarantine is a period of isolation, especially of people or animals arriving for abroad to prevent the spread of disease.

Question 3

Name 4 ways that you could prevent the spread of a disease

Answer 3

Good Hygiene
Vaccinations
Quarantine
Lifestyle change (Behavioural control)

Question 4

Rank the following in order of severity from least severe to most severe: Pandemic, Outbreak and Epidemic.

Answer 4

(least severe) Outbreak > Epidemic > Pandemic

Question 5

What is a Vector? Provide two examples to support your answer

Answer 5

A Vector is an organism that does not cause the disease itself, but which spreads the infection by conveying pathogens from one host to another.

examples // Flea, Dog, Bat, Mosquito

Question 6

Why are vectors mainly bitting creatures?

Answer 6

They are mainly biting creatures as the pathogen needs to get past the skin to enter or bodies and by biting us the Vector facilitates this.

Question 7

list three ways that a virus can enter the body of a new host

Answer 7

entering through the bite of a vector
being inhaled, injected or swallowed
sexual intercourse and/or fluid exchange

Question 8

give three examples each of diseases caused by Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Protozoans and Parasites.

Answer 8

Bacteria: Whooping Cough, Syphilis and Gonorrhea
Viruses: Mumps, Rabies, Measles and AIDS
Fungi: Ringworm, Thrush and Athletes Foot
Protozoans: Sleeping Sickness, Malaria and Amoebic Dysentery
Parasites: Fleas, Lice and TapeWorm

Question 9

What is Epidemiology

Answer 9

Epidemiology is the study of how diseases spread

Question 10

List 5 different ways that a disease can be transmitted to a new host

Answer 10

Infected water, scratched/bitten by an animal, kissing, coughing, sex, infect food, animal spit, transferred from infected surfaces by unwashed hands

Question 11

What are two important aspects to ensure in any medical treatment

Answer 11

To remember that each disease is different and requires its own unique treatment. It is important to make sure that the drugs given by a doctor are ALL used up, to prevent the development of resistant strains.

Question 12

Give two examples of a Zoonotic disease

Answer 12

Malaria, Ebola Virus, Yellow Fever

Question 13

Outline 4 factors that can cause disease

Answer 13

Age
Environmental factors
lifestyle (diet, stress and drugs)
Errors in the DNA of an organism

Question 14

What is a virus composed ( made up) of?

Answer 14

Viruses are only composed of DNA/RNA and a protein coat.