health and disease

Question 1

what is a communicable disease

Answer 1

diseases spread between individuals

Question 2

what is a noncommunicable disease

Answer 2

diseases that can’t be transmitted through individuals

Question 3

4 examples of pathogens and what do they cause

Answer 3

viruses
bacteria
fungi
protists
they cause communicable diseases

Question 4

tuberculosis: communicable or non communicable, what type of pathogen, symptoms, how it spreads and how it can be reduced

Answer 4

1) communicable
2) a bacterium
3) coughing and lung damage
4) through the air when infected people cough
5) avoid crowded spaces, good hygene, sleep alone, homes well ventilated

Question 5

describe the lytic pathway (4 steps)

Answer 5

1) virus attaches to a specific host cell and injects its genetic material into it
2) the virus uses proteins and enzymes in the host to replicate its genetic material
3) the viral components assemble
4) the host cell splits open releasing the new viruses which infect more cells

Question 6

describe the lysogenic pathway (3 steps)

Answer 6

1) the injected genetic material is encorporated into the genonme of the host
2) the viral genetic material gets replicated along with the host dna every time the host cell divides but the virus is dormant and no new viruses are made
3) eventually a trigger causes the viral genetic material to leave the genome and enter the lytic pathway