health and disease Flashcards
What does ‘WHO’ define health as?
a state of complete physical,mental and social well-being,and not just only the absence of disease or infirmity.
what is a communicable disease?
diseases that can be spread between individuals.
what is a non-communicable disease?
cant be transmitted between individuals.
what could happen if your affected by one disease?
it can make you more capable of catching others as your body is more weakened by the disease so is less able to fight off others.
what are pathogens?
organisms such as viruses,bacteria,fungi and protists that cause communicable diseases.
examples of communicable diseases?
cholera,tuberculosis, malaria, chalara ash dieback.
what are the 3 physical barriers which protect the human body from pathogens?
skin , mucus , cilia
what is the skins adaption?
a physical barrier
what is the stomach’s adaption?
produces acid to kill pathogens
what is the trachea adaption?
secretes mucus to trap pathogens
how many chromosomes are in each egg cell from a mosquito?
3
what is genetic modification?
genes from one organism being transferred to another
what can antibiotics not treat?
viruses
ways to prevent the spread of HPV?
use a condom , do not share needles
why do people who develop aids may die of another infection?
HIV damages the immune system
what pathogen causes malaria?
protists
one way of controlling the spread of malaria?
mosquito nets , insect repellents
how is cholera spread?
drinking contaminated water
how is a ‘cold’ spread?
droplets in the air when people cough or sneeze
how is malaria spread?
animals that draw blood
how will the number of cases of a disease drop once more people are vaccinated?
you are less likely to come into contact with someone infected
what should the government consider with vaccines?
cost to the NHS , how effective it’s going to be.
what’s the chemical found in the stomach which acts as a chemical defence against pathogens?
hydrochloric acid
what type of pathogen would doctors treat with antibiotics?
bacteria
