fighting disease

Question 1

how does the skin defence against pathogens?

Answer 1

acts as a barrier to pathogens , if it gets damaged blood clots quickly seal cuts and keeps microorganisms out.

Question 2

how does mucus defence against pathogens?

Answer 2

hairs and mucus in your nose trap particles that could contain pathogens.

Question 3

how does your eyes defence against pathogens?

Answer 3

they produce a chemical called lysozyme (in tears) which kills bacteria.

Question 4

how does the stomach defence against pathogens?

Answer 4

produces hydrochloric acid

Question 5

what is the most important part of the immune system?

Answer 5

white blood cells which travel around your blood patrolling for pathogens.

Question 6

how does the specific immune response work?

Answer 6

1. every pathogen has unique molecules called antigens.
2. when your B-lymphocytes come across an antigen ,they produce antibodies.
3. the antibodies lock on to the new invading pathogen , so it can be found and destroyed by other white blood cells.
4. the antibodies produced are specific to that pathogen(they won’t lock on to any other pathogen).
5. the antibodies are then rapidly produced and flow around the body to find all similar pathogens.

Question 7

what are B-lymphocytes?

Answer 7

a type of white blood cell that are involved in the specific immune response.

Question 8

how are the trachea and bronchi adapted to defend against the entry of pathogens?

Answer 8

cells in your trachea and bronchi also produce mucus , which traps pathogens.Other cells which line the trachea have cilia (hair like structures) which waft the mucus back up to the throat where it can be swallowed.