Health Flashcards
Name two skin diseases of dogs that can be transmitted to humans.
Ringworm and sarcoptic mange
What day of the week should you bring a new puppy home/
On the first day of your days off
What does gestation mean?
Pregnancy
Which tend to mature faster, small breeds or large breeds?
Small breeds.
The tear gland on the inner surface of the dog’s third eyelid (nictitating membrane) prolapses and then enlarges to become visible in the corner of the dog’s eye.
Cherry Eye
What are neoplasms?
Tumors
Teeth discolored or pitted as a result of distemper or high temperature diseases. Happens in the gum before teeth erupt.
Distemper teeth
What are two causes of mastitis?
Too much milk, not being suckled enough, being scratched by puppies
What fungus is most commonly responsible for ringworm?
Microsporum canis.
True or False: Ringworm is a fungus infection of the skin the majority of cases are caused by the fungus Microsporum canis.
TRUE
What do you call an adult male with both testicles undescended?
Cryptorchid.
A bacillus that affects the nervous system. It enters through wounds and is often fatal. There are muscle spasms that start with the jaw and a stiff gait and tail, then difficulty in breathing.
Tetanus
True or False: Small dark stools are a sign of good digestion.
TRUE
What should you feed a new puppy when you first get it?
Whatever its previous owners fed it.
What is a cause of rickets?
Deficiencies in vitimin D, that cause problems with the absorption of calcium, and phosphorus,
True or False: Ticks are difficult to remove, since they bury their head under the skin to suck blood.
TRUE
What is the common term for coprophagia?
Eating stools.
True or False: the turm used when dogs eat stools is called coprophagia.
TRUE
A nervous jerking caused by involuntary contraction of the muscles, usually affects the face or legs of dog that have brain involment in advanced distemper is called.
Chorea
This part of a femals season Lasts about 9 days before estrum. Denotes onset of breeding cycle. Bloody discharge, swelling of external genital.
Proestrus
Name three types of external parasites.
Ticks, fleas, lice, mites (ear mite, sarcoptic mange mite, follicular mange mite).
Define: Stud dog.
Male dog used for breeding purposes.
Name three inherited disorders.
Hip dysplasia, slipping kneecap, popping hock, elbow dysplasia, PRA, Collie eye, undescended testicles, hernias, cataracts, deafness.
List four factors that influence the body temperature in a healthy animal.
Weather extremes in hot or cold, excitement, exercise, stress, extremes of eating or drinking large amounts of cold water, time of day.
In a healthy dog, what is the purpose of panting?
To lower body temperature.
The disease is characterized by circular, scaly areas where the hair has been lost. It can easily be transmitted to humans. It is caused by fungi. Name this disease.
Ringworm
Name something that can be used to delay the absorption of poison from the digestive tract.
Activated charcoal, milk, egg white, vegetable oil.
True or False: A spay operation removes the female dog’s ovaries and uterus.
TRUE
Name the common term used To perform a surgical operation on the bitches reproductive organs to prevent reproduction.
Spay
What are the three types of immunity?
Active, passive, and natural
What is an abscess?
A collection of pus under the skin where an injury has occurred.
A collection of pus under the skin where an injury has occurred.most often a bite or puncture wound is called
An abscess
What viral disease sometimes produces a condition known as blue eye?
Hepatitis
Enteric and Myocardial are two forms of what gastrointestinal disease?
Parvo virus
Cardiac syndrome (myocarditis) is a deadly form of parvovirus that affects the muscle of the heart.
TRUE
True or False: Cornona virus caues a milder gastrointestinal disorder in adults than parvo virus.
TRUE
What are two symptoms of parvo virus?
High fever, vomiting, diarrhea which is often bloody.
What does OFA stand for?
Orthopedic Foundation for Animals
In this abnormal condition the dog’s lower eyelid rolls in toward the eye causing the eyelashes to rub against the cornea. What is the name of this condition?
Entropion
Should a male dog be tested for brucellosis (a bacterial disease that can cause spontaneous abortion)?
YES,
Why Should you brush your dog’s teeth?
To prevent tartar buildup
True or False: Ringworm is caused by a worm that is picked up from infected ground.
False: ringworm is a fungus
What is the most common infectious disease in dogs?
Distemper
Give three symptoms of distemper.
Loss of appetite, weight loss, eye and nose discharge, diarrhea, hardened footpads, convulsions.and a dry cough
Name An inflammation of the lips and lip folds.Typicaly caused by an injury or an embeded thorn or burr.
Cheilitis
What is the difference between natural and acquired immunity?
Natural immunity means that the animal is not of the proper species to catch that disease. Acquired immunity means that the animal has developed antibodies to that disease.
When a puppy Is born surrounded by the amniotic sac it should be removed within _______seconds to allow the puppy to breath.
30 seconds
Does a pregnant female dog experience a temperature drop just before giving birth?
Yes, the dog’s temperature may drop to 99 degrees or lower.
What is the first thing you should do when handling an injured dog?
Muzzle it
What are two methods of artificial respiration used on dogs?
Compression and mouth-to-nose
If one of your dogs has kennel cough, can you show its kennel mate at an AKC show that week?
No Not for 30 days
What type of mange can be spread rapidly from dog to dog and may also be transmitted to humans?
Sarcoptic mange
Give the name of the organization that performs radiographic evaluations of pelvic phenotypes in respect to Canine Hip Dysplasia. They will issue a breed registry number is the dog does not have Hip Dysplasia.
Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA)
Gastric Dilatation - Torsion is more commonly known as _______________________
Bloat
Name two bacterial diseases.
Leptospirosis, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Canine brucellosis, Salmonellosis, Tetanus, Neonatal Syndrome
What is another name for warts?
Papillomas
What is a hot spot?
A patch of painful swollen skin with no hair and exuding pus.
What are two symptoms of heatstroke?
Rapid, noisy breathing; Mucous membrane bright red; thick saliva; vomiting; high temperature; collapse.
The Orthopedic Foundation for Animals not only evaluates Pelvic Radiographs, for hip disorders but will also issue a registry number for canine ________ Dysplasia.
Elbow Dysplasia
What type of poison is found in golf balls?
Lead
What hereditary defect causes croupy breathing and honking cough, especially in toy breeds?
Collapsed Trachea or wind pipe.
This bone disorder involves deformation of the hip joint where a poor fit between the head of the femur and the acetabulum (hip socket) exists. Name this disease.
Hip Dysplasia
True or Fasle: People can get tetanus from dogs?
FAlSE
How is Leptospirosis spread?
Through the urine.
What is the surgical operation on a bitch to prevent conception called.
Spay or Spaying
What are the four periods of the heat cycle?
Proestrus, estrus, diestrus, anestrus
A male dog used for breeding purposes is called a ______ dog?
Stud
What is the generalized term for a condition characterized by collapse of the cardiovascular system, i.e. the heart and blood vessels?
Shock
Which of the following is not a fungus disease? Toxoplasmosis, Histoplasmasis, Nocardiosis, Blastomy cosis
Toxoplasmosis
Why should you inspect your female dog’s breast, especially during her middle and old age?
For signs of mammary tumors
What is the most common cause of vomiting in dogs?
Overeating
True or False: Dogs can get arthritis?
TRUE
What are polygenic defects?
Defects inherited by the dog from its ancestors
What is the major symptom of kennel cough?
Dry hacking cough, sounds like the dog is trying to vomit.
True or False: Kennel cough is a common respiratory problem in dogs?
TRUE
How can you rid your dog of lice?
Give the dog a good bath and then use a dip or other insecticidal product that is effective against ticks and fleas.
Name a vaccine that is given to help control Kennel Cough
Canine Parainfluenza or Bordatella
Unweaned puppies are called?
Whelps
Why is colostrum milk important?
Colostrum milk is produced the first two days after whelping and it carries immunity antibodies.
Are male or female dogs more likely to develop bone tumors?
Male
What is the average temperature of an adult dog?
101 - 102 degrees still OK if they say 101 to 102.5
What is the common term for ovariohysteroctomy?
Spaying
True or False: The common term for an ovariohysteroctomy is spaying?
TRUE
When a bitchs uterus, tubes and ovaries are removed it is called spaying or your vet would call it an.
Ovariohysterectomy
What is the treatment for burns on dogs?
Apply ice or cold water packs for 20 min. Clip hair and wash burn, apply antibiotic ointment, loosely wrap
True or False: the term Distichiasis refers to (extra eyelashes).
TRUE
Name the period when fertilization can take place. This normally occurs in the first 48 hours of a female dogs cycle when ovulation usually occurs.
Estrus
True or False: Early spaying (before the first heat) greatly reduces the risk of mammary tumors during middle and old age.
TRUE
Entropion and Ectropion are both conditions affecting the lower eyelid of the dog. How are they different?
In Entropion the eyelids roll toward the eye and in Ectropion the eyelid rolls away from the eye.
Which of the following is not a protozoan disease? Coccidiosis, Toxoplasmosis, Trichomoniasis, Tuberculosis.
Tuberculosis
Place these four terms in their order of occurrence: The female dogs heat cycle is divided into four parts, Anestrus, Proestrus, Estrus, Diestrus.
Proestrus Estrus Diestrus Anestrus
Which of the following does not affect female dogs? Mastitis, pyometria, prostatitus, brucellosis
Prostatitus
Warts caused by host specific virus. They are benign tumors and are highly contagious. They are cured by vaccine or spontaneous recovery. True or False
TRUE
True or False: Warts usually clear up spontaneously.
TRUE
How should you treat a bleeding wound?
Apply direct pressure to the wound with a cloth or hand
Name two ways that the virus disease Infecectious Canine Hepatitis is contracted.
Through, Urine, feces or saliva
True or False: Canine Hepatitis is transmitted by infected stool, saliva, and urine,
TRUE
Estrus recurs at intervals of approximately how many months
Six months
True or False: AKC shows have Puppy classes for both sexes divided by age 6-9 and 9-12
TRUE
What is another name for para-influenza?
Kennel cough
Name the infection in the lungs. Usually it is clasified accourding to its cause; viral, bacterial, fungal parasitic, or inhalation type.
Pneumonia
Which of the following diseases is caused by a bacteria? Distemper, hepatitis, leptospirosis, rabies.
Leptospirosis
A heart condition in which fluid collects outside of the vascular compartment. Or when fluid accumulates in the lungs, causing coughing and shortness of breath.
Congestiave heart failure
This protozoan infection of the intestinal tract seems to affect puppies the hardest, causing diarrhea. The protozoan can be found in the stool of mature dogs without any signs of illness.
Coccidiosis
Name two signs of congestive heart failure
Coughing , Shortness of breath, tireing easly, distended abdomen or swollen limbs
What is meant by the term Lactating Bitch
A bitch that is nursing puppies, or producing milk
True or False; It is best to take a dog’s temperature while he is standing up.
TRUE
A dog with One testicle retained in the abdominal cavity and one visible. Is called a
Monorchid
What is an Elizabethan collar?
A large round collar placed around the dog’s neck to keep from licking and biting at wounds.
True or False: The Elizabethen collar is used to keep a dog from scraching at his ears and biting at wounds.
TRUE
Name three poisons for which you should not induce vomiting
Acids, Alkali, cleansers, petroleum products
This birth defect leaves an opening between the oral nasal cavities. This often renders a puppy unable to nurse. Name this birth defect.
Cleft Palate
Which group of dogs are afflicted with a birth defect known as a collapsing trachea?
Small breeds
When should a bitch have a pre-breeding exam by a vet?
At least one month prior to breeding
True or False: External parasites can cause ear problems
TRUE
At what age does a male dog usually become fertile?
Six months
What causes ringworm?
A Fungus
What does PRA stand for?
Progressive Retinal Atrophy
True or False: A puppies first rabies shot is usualy given between 14-16 weeks
TRUE
What is the purpose for anal gland secretions?
To mark territory
True or False: Cleft Palate is usually caused by mouth injuries in puppies.
False, it is a birth defect.
How often should a normal adult dog be fed?
Once or twice a day
How is Giardiasis acquired
By drinking infected water
True or false: Hip Dysplasia occurs only in large dogs.
False: It is most common in large dogs, but it can occur in any breed.
This is the most common external parasite of dogs, it is blood sucking and does not spend its life cycle on the dog. Name the parasite
The flea
Which is more likely to suffer from cardiomyopathy, Large breeds or small breeds?
Large Breeds
Name two words used to describe a female dogs Estrus Cycle
Season and Heat
What is Prostatis
Prostate Infection
What is the best method to weigh your dog when using a bathroom scale?
Weigh yourself, then weigh your self again while holding the dog. Subtract the first weight from the second.
A dog incapable of performing the functions for which it was designed is refered to as?.
Unsound
Pneumonia is an infection of the _____________
Lungs
What is the cause of Glaucoma?
Increased pressure from within the eye.
True or False. Jaundice is a disease that results in liver failure
False: Jaundice is not a disease but a symptom in which dogs eyes, skin, gums, tongue and ears appear abnormally yellowish.
Name the symptom that you see yellowing of the skin, eyes and gums or ears, several different disease can cause this symptom
Jaundice
When giving first aid, what is the quickest and easiest way to avoid being bitten?
Muzzle the dog
Name five symptoms of illness
Constipation; shivering; fever; watery eyes; runny nose; coughing; change in appetite; vomiting; increased urination; restlessness; labored breathing; weight loss; straining to urinate; increased water intake; lameness or paralysis; obvious pain; any nor
What is LINE BREEDING?
Breeding between two dogs of common but not immediate ancestry.
What is it called when One gene of a pair causes expression of a trait even though the other gene may carry codes for the opposite expression.
Dominate inheritance
What is achondroplasia?
A disease producing dwarfism.
Can people get Infectious Canine hepatitis from dogs?
NO
Name the infectious bacterial disease that is spread throught contact with contaminated urine
Leptospirosis
What are the major symptoms of demodectic mange?
Hair loss, red skin with pustules around the forehead, eyes, muzzle, and forepaws.
What are three major symptoms of Sarcoptic Mange?
Itching, red bumps and scabs, mousy odor especially on ears, legs, and face
Name a protozoan disease.
Coccidiosis, Toxoplasmosis, Giardiasis, Piroplasmosis, Trichomoniasis
True of False: Coccidiosis is caused by a protozoan
TRUE
How is Rabies transmitted?
Contact with infected saliva.
This viral disease can affect all warm blooded animals, The virus is released from the salivary glands and may be transmitted to others by biting or through an open wound. This disease is always fatal. Name the disease.
Rabies
True or False: CPR can be given to a dog.
TRUE
A sprain is an injury to a _____________________
Ligament
True or False: You should add extra fats to a dog’s meal to increase energy intake or improve palatability of food.
False. Too much fat will cause calorie needs to be met before a balanced meal is consumed.
What is the normal resting pulse of the dog?
50-130 beats per minutes
Heatstroke should be initially treated by ____________________________
Cooling the dog as quickly as possible
Name five internal parasites of the dog (worms) listed in the AKC Complete dog book for kids
Heartworms, hookworms, round worms, tapeworms, whip worms.
What causes warts?
A Virus
Name the abnormal condition where the eyelid rolls in toward the eye. Allowing the lashes to rub against and irritate the cornea.
Entropion
First milk after the birth of the young. It contains immunoglobulins (antibodies) that are needed in the first 24 hours of life. It protects the pups from all infectious diseases.
Colostrum milk
What is artificial insemination?
The introduction of a dog’s semen into a bitch’s reproductive tract by artificial means.
What is the term used to describe all of the puppies born to a bitch in one whelping
Litter
For what bacterial disease are both dogs and bitches commonly tested before breeding?
Brucellosis
Can a dog get tonsillitis?
YES
The mother of a litter is called a dam what is the father called?
Sire
Can a dog get laryngitis?
YES
Should you give your dog vitamins?
No. Most dog food is balanced.
Name five diseases that a dog may be immunized against.
Distemper, hepatitis, tracheobronchitis (kennel cough), leptospirosis, Corona virus, Rabies, Parvo virus.
Coccidiosis is caused by a ______________.
Protozoa
True or False: Congenital is defined as being of gentle temperament.
FALSE. Congenital is an inherited feature present at birth.
Can people get tuberculosis from dogs?
YES
Which of the following respiratory problems is not inherited: Laryngeal paralysis, collapsed trachea, cleft palate, stenortic nares, rhinitis.
Rhinitis
True or False: Pyometra can occur in spayed females
FALSE
This potentially fatal uterine infection causes Pus in the uterus what is it called?
Pyometra
Arthritis is a degenerative disease of the __________________.
Joints
When does an average female dog have her first estrus?
Sometime after six months of age.
The prolapsed of the tear gland on the inner surface of the third eyelid (the nictitating membrane) is called a?
Cherry eye
True or False: A Cherry eye a condition that is located on the inner surface of the nictitating membrane
TRUE
What part of the eye is where you would see a Cherry eye
On the inner surface of the nictitating membrane, the third eyelid.
What is a prolapsed eyeball?
When the dog’s eyeball comes out of its socket.
What is the purpos of Testicles
The male gonad, gland which produces spermatozoa.
Removing a dog’s testicles is called _____________________.
Castration
The period of time between Heat cycles where no sexual activity takes place and last between three and four months is called
Anestrus
What is another name for bloat?
Acute Gastric Dilatation-Torsion
Name three signs that show a bitch is about to go into whelp.
Not eating, digging or tearing paper (nesting), drop in temperature, restlessness, panting, crying, vomiting.
What are distemper teeth?
Teeth discolored or pitted as a result of distemper or other enervating disease or deficiency.
Teeth discolored or pitted as a result of distemper or other enervating disease or deficiency are called?.
Distemper teeth
What highly contagious airborne virus affects all body organs wth 50% mortality
Distemper
To reduce your dog’s weight if it is obese your should _________________________.
Decrease the number of calories it needs
True or False: Protozoan (one celled animals). Are Parasites that live in the intestinal tract. Transmitted by ingestion. There are 5 different kinds common in mammals.
TRUE
What is Cystitis?
Bladder infection.
Name two symptoms which may indicate a skin problem.
Itching, red/moist/sore patches, scaling or dandruff, scabs, hair loss, discoloration, swelling, purulent discharge, lumps or bumps.
Sarcoptic mange is caused by a ___________.
Mite
Can a female dog be infected with prostatitis?
NO
Name two signs of kidney failure.
Excessive thirst, increased urination, weight loss, loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea
True or False: Excessive thirst, increased urination, weight loss, loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea are signs of Kidney Failure
TRUE
Why do breeds with hanging ears have more ear troubles?
Poor air circulation within the ear causes dampness.
Name three viral diseases.
Distemper, Hepatitis, Kennel Cough (Tracheobronchitis), Herpes virus, Parvo virus, Corona Virus, Warts, Rabies.
What type of poison is commonly found in slug bait?
Arsenic
What are the major symptoms of ring worm?
Circular scaly areas with no hair on the skin.
Define: Rabies and how transmitted.
Rabies is a fatal viral disease transmitted by contact with infected saliva, by bite or through broken skin surface.
Name this fatal viral disease transmitted by contact with infected saliva, by bite or through broken skin surface.
Rabies
Name This bacterial disease, can cause sterility in eather sex at any age
Brucellosis
What is the life-threatening condition called when a dog’s stomach fills with gas and/or fluid, swells, and then may or may not become twisted?
Bloat or Acute Gastric Dilation-Torsion
