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Health 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is morphine commonly referred to as in the context of war?

A

The soldiers disease

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2
Q

How much more deadly is heroin compared to morphine?

A

Three times as deadly

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3
Q

List some health problems associated with heroin use.

A
  • Infectious diseases (including hepatitis, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS)
  • Various types of pneumonia
  • Collapsed veins
  • Liver and kidney disease
  • Permanent damage to various vital organs
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4
Q

What is fentanyl and how potent is it compared to morphine?

A

A synthetic opioid that is 50 to 100 times more potent than morphine

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5
Q

What risks do users face when fentanyl is mixed with heroin or cocaine?

A

Great risk of overdose

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6
Q

What serious effect can high doses of fentanyl cause?

A

Breathing to stop

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7
Q

What is phencyclidine commonly known as?

A

PCP or angel dust

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8
Q

What are some serious side effects of PCP?

A
  • Agitation
  • Delusions
  • Irrational behavior
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9
Q

What was ketamine originally developed for?

A

As a veterinary anesthetic

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10
Q

What are inhalants and what do they alter?

A

Breathable chemical vapors that alter consciousness

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11
Q

What effects do inhalants produce at low doses?

A
  • Light-headedness
  • Dizziness
  • Feelings of euphoria
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12
Q

What can an overdose of inhalants lead to?

A
  • Loss of consciousness
  • Coma
  • Death
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13
Q

What is the antidote for heroin overdose called?

A

NAR-CAM

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14
Q

What plant is marijuana derived from?

A

Cannabinoids - Sativa Indica

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15
Q

What is THC and what are its effects on the brain?

A

Tetrahydrocannabinol; it suppresses activity in the information-processing system of the hippocampus

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16
Q

What is hashish?

A

The resin of a sallowish plant

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17
Q

What happens to men when they stop producing testosterone?

A
  • Low sex drive
  • Terrible mood swings
  • Severe acne
  • Damaged hearts, kidneys, and testicles
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18
Q

What happens to women who do not develop hysterogenic?

A
  • Voice gets deeper
  • Does not get a period
19
Q

What is Rohypnol also known as?

A

Flunitrazepam

Rohypnol is known as a date rape drug due to its sedative effects.

20
Q

What are the effects of Rohypnol?

A
  • Pass out
  • Relaxation
  • Lowered inhibitions
  • Confusion
  • Loss of memory
  • Loss of consciousness

Rohypnol is especially dangerous when mixed with alcohol.

21
Q

What does GHB stand for?

A

Gamma-hydroxybutyrate

GHB is a CNS depressant that produces feelings of pleasure and sedation.

22
Q

What forms can GHB be made in?

A
  • Clear liquid
  • Tasteless liquid
  • Odorless liquid
  • Powder

The powder form of GHB readily dissolves in liquid.

23
Q

What are club drugs?

A

GHB, Rohypnol, and MDMA

These drugs are commonly used at clubs and parties.

24
Q

What are legal drugs developed for medical purposes called?

A

Pharmaceutical drugs

These can be available over the counter (OTC) or by prescription.

25
What is intoxication?
Any substances that cause changes in brain chemistry and alter consciousness, perception, mood, and thought ## Footnote Intoxication refers to the effects produced by various drugs.
26
What does CNS stand for?
Central nervous system ## Footnote CNS depressants slow down brain activity and are dangerous when mixed with other depressants.
27
What can CNS stimulants like cocaine cause?
Sudden death ## Footnote This can happen due to speeding up heart rate and elevating blood pressure.
28
What does OTC stand for?
Over-the-counter ## Footnote OTC medications are available for common ailments like headaches and colds.
29
What are illicit drugs also known as?
Illegal drugs ## Footnote Illicit drugs are harmful and considered drug abuse.
30
What is drug misuse?
Overusing the recommended amount or using it for other purposes ## Footnote Misuse can lead to harmful effects and addiction.
31
What does DSM stand for?
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ## Footnote The DSM is used for diagnosing mental health conditions.
32
What does NIDA stand for?
National Institute of Drug Abuse ## Footnote NIDA conducts research and provides information on drug abuse.
33
What are the symptoms of substance use disorders?
Cognitive, behavioral, and psychological symptoms ## Footnote These symptoms can lead to repeated relapses and drug cravings even after intoxication.
34
What are the main two indicators of physiological dependence?
Tolerance and withdrawal ## Footnote Tolerance refers to reduced sensitivity to the drug's effects, while withdrawal involves uncomfortable feelings when drug use stops.
35
What are the withdrawal symptoms from amphetamines?
Intense fatigue, depression, increased appetite, weight gain, suicidal thinking ## Footnote These symptoms reflect the psychological and physical impact of withdrawal.
36
What symptoms are associated with withdrawal from heroin?
Nausea, vomiting, sweating, diarrhea, yawning, insomnia ## Footnote These symptoms highlight the severe physical effects of heroin withdrawal.
37
What are the methods of taking psychoactive drugs?
Orally, injection, inhalation, application to mucous membranes, application to skin ## Footnote These methods can influence the onset and intensity of drug effects.
38
What factors can influence the intensity of drug effects?
Age, gender, body weight, physical condition, mood, experience with the drug, other medicines or drugs ## Footnote These factors can significantly alter how a drug affects an individual.
39
Which brain structures are influenced by drugs?
Ventral tegmental area (VTA), nucleus accumbens, prefrontal cortex ## Footnote These structures are involved in the pleasure and reward circuit of the brain.
40
What role does the ventral tegmental area (VTA) play in drug effects?
Increases dopamine production ## Footnote This increase is crucial for the feeling of pleasure associated with drug use.
41
How does the nucleus accumbens contribute to drug-induced pleasure?
Produces intense pleasure in response to dopamine ## Footnote This pleasure response is central to the reinforcement of drug use.
42
What is the impact of drugs on dopamine production over time?
Drugs can cause the brain to lower normal dopamine production ## Footnote This leads to a diminished ability to feel pleasure without the drug, reinforcing addiction.
43
What are endorphins?
Brain chemicals that block pain during stress ## Footnote They are released during extreme exercise or childbirth and play a role in the body's response to pain.

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