Health. Flashcards
Functions of teeth:
- Chew food.
- Help give shape and structure to mouth.
Periodontium.
Area around the teeth (gums and jaws bone)
3 parts of the tooth.
Crown, neck and the root. (Below surface)
Visible portion of the tooth. (covered with enamel)
Crown.
Tissue that contains the blood vessels.
Pulp.
Layer of connective tissue and protects pulp.
Dentin.
4 types of teeth:
- Incisors: Four front on top and bottom. -8
- Canine: Beside incisors. -4
3.Premolars: Beside canine. -8 - Molars: Way in the back. -12
Wisdom teeth:
The major threat to teeth is bacteria. (food, sugar)
Sticky, colorless film - reacts to sugar to destroy enamel and irritate gums.
Plaque.
Good oral hygiene: Habits.
- Brush - 3 times
- Floss
- Annual cleanings.
- Well balanced diet (less sugar)
Tooth problems:
- Halitosis: Bad breath
- Cavity: Hole in tooth = tooth decay
- Crooked teeth: (braces) - orthodontist
- Periodontal Disease: Inflammation of gums - tartar - hard crust like substance
- Malocclusion: “bad bite” - too many teeth, jaw not aligned
Largest organ of the body.
Skin
Integumentary System:
Hair, nails and glands.
3 main layers of skin
*Dermis: inner, thicker layer - made up of connective tissue, blood vessels and nerves.
*Epidermis: outer, thinner layer - made up of living and dead cells.
- Produces keratin - protein - hardens nails
- Produces lipids - which waterproof the skin
*Melanocytes cells: Produce melanin - a pigment that gives skin, hair, and eyes color.
It contains sebaceous glands - oily substance called sebum
Dermis. 1 thick layer.
An organ that makes and produces hormones.
Glands
2 types of glands:
- Endocrine: (sweat, tears, oil)
- Exocrine: (Milk and hormones)
How to have healthy skin?
- Wash daily.
- Avoid touching face (bacteria).
- Use non-fragrance moisturizers.
- Avoid sugar/oil
Harmful (UVA, UVB rays)
Sun
UV RAYS
Produce melanin (pigment)
*Fair people - have less - burn
* Dark people - have more - better protected - but can burn
Too much sun…
Damages skin - cancer. (More than 20 min) per day
Protect skin.
- Sunscreen SPF 50 or higher.
- Wear long sleeves, long pants.
Body piercing / tattooing
Risks: Break barrier of skin. (Bacteria / Virus)
*Can cause Hepatitis B, C & HIV
Common skin problems:
- Acne: Pimples/blackheads - clogged pores (oil)
- Eczema: Dry skin
- Warts: Virus growths (contagious)
- Vitiligo: Patches of skin lose color (pigment)
- Boils: Infected hair follicle
- Moles: Spots - Contains too much Melanin
Skin cancers:
- Basil cell carcinoma.
- Melanoma: Most serious form of skin cancer.
A structure that surrounds the root of the hair
