health Flashcards
what are the sides of the health triangle?
physical, mental, and social health
the confidence and worth you feel about yourself
self esteem
which influences on your health do you have control over?
your behavior, your diet, and your physical activity
voluntarily choosing not to do something
abstinence
a state of worry or mental tension caused by a difficult situation
stress
something that causes a causes a state of strain or tension
a stressor
stress that lasts no less than three days and no more than four weeks
acute stress
stress that lasts weeks or months
chronic stress
what term refers to an overall state of well-being or total health?
wellness
the removal of liquid waste products
urinary tract
exchanges gases with the environment
respiratory system
that transports blood throughout the body
cardiovascular system
includes glands that secrete hormones
endocrine glands
that provides a protective covering
integumentary system
that provides a strong, stable framework
skeletal system
that drains fluid back into blood/fights infections
lymphatic system
the breaks down food and nutrients to be used by the body
digestive system
that is the communication network and control center of the body
circulatory system
the type of joint that allows the widest range of motion
ball-and-socket joint
the ability to move a joint smoothly through a full range of motion is called
flexibility
what type of joints are the elbow and knee?
hinge joints
the tissue that lines joints to provide smooth movement and shock absorption
articular cartilage
the two main divisions of the nervous system
central and peripheral
the arteries carry blood ______ from the heart, and the veins carry blood _____ the heart
away/to
produces movements in internal organs
smooth muscles
layers of the skin surface to deepest level
epidermis, dermis, hypodermis, subcutis
the process of creating bone, that is of transforming cartilage (or fibrous tissue) into bone
ossification
the fluid part of the blood in which the other parts are suspended is called what?
plasma
blood enters the right side of the heart when it returns from the rest of the body, it is then pumped out of the heart to go to the
lungs
remove waste from the blood and return the cleaned blood back to the body
kidneys
digestion primarily takes place in what part of the body?
small intestine
which endocrine glands releases a hormone during emergencies?
adrenal glands
the strong, fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bone
tendon
extension
straightening
adduction
towards midline
abduction
away from midline
supination
palm up
flexion
bending
pronation
palm down
a temporary disturbance in the brains ability to function
concussion
substances in food that the body needs to function properly
nutrients
which nutrient is the body’s preferred source of energy?
carbohydrates
the 6 nutrients we need
carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water
the minimum amount of energy required by the body to main life processes
BMR (basal metabolic rate)
working the body harder than is it normally worked
overload
what refers to the ratio of body fat to lean body muscle?
body composition
what is the measurement of body weight relative to height called?
BMI (body mass index)
the rate at which a heart beats when a person is not active
resting heart rate
an indication that a person has good cardiorespiratory fitness
low resting heart rate
which exercise would be the best example of muscular strength?
lifting weights
which exercise would be the best example of muscular endurance?
push ups
what does the f in fitt stand for?
frequency
what does the i in fitt stand for?
intensity
what does the first t in fitt stand for?
time
what does the second t in fitt stand for?
type
what does it mean to be sedentary?
lifestyle with no exercise
a push up is considered what type of resistance training?
aerobic
sprinting the 100-meter dash or bench pressing are examples of which type of activity?
anaerobic
to determine the intensity of aerobic exercise, pay attention to which of the following?
target heart rate
physical activity can help with stress because
it pumps up your endorphines
the body’s natural defense system against infection
immune system
the microscopic organisms that invade the body and cause infectious diseases
pathogens
a temporary resistance to infection passed down from mother to child
passive immunity
proteins made by the body that destroy or neutralize invading pathogens
antibodies
a simple organism that prefers damp, dark, warm environments and causes infections such as ringworm and athletes foot
fungi
what is the only way to 100% prevent contracting an STD?
abstinence
the smallest known type of infectious agent and is highly specific in the kind of cell that it invades and causes diseases such as the common cold and the flu
virus
a single-celled microorganism, that can live almost anywhere, and causes diseases such as salmonella and strep throat
bacteria
what are the types of pathogens?
virus, bacteria, fungi, parasite
rephrasing or summarizing what the other person has said in your own words
paraphrasing
the process of exchanging information and ideas
communication
is body language considered verbal or nonverbal communication?
nonverbal
you see someone on the ground who appears to be unconscious. after checking the scene for safety, what should you do next?
ask if they are okay, call 911 and start cpr
how long should you look, listen and feel for breathing?
10 seconds
how many compressions do you do in one cycle of cpr with breaths?
30 chest compressions/2 breaths
to help a conscious choking victim, you alternate giving them ___ back blows and ___ abdominal thrusts
5/5
you perform a ____ tilt/____ lift to open someones airway
head/chin
which of the following are reasons to stop giving someone cpr?
they wake up or help arrives
alcohol affects the ______ nervous system
central
alcohol is a _________ which means it slows down the nervous system
depressant
bac
blood alcohol concentration
the legal limit for bac for people over the age of 21
0.08%
the legal limit for bac for people under the age of 21
0.02%
what is the addictive drug found in cigarettes?
nicotine
nicotine is a ______, which means it increases functions of the nervous system
stimulant
is vaping a safe alternative to smoking?
no
