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General > Health > Flashcards

Health Flashcards

1
Q

How many bones in adult body

A

206

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2
Q

3 types of connective tissue in skeletal system

A

Cartilage, joints, ligaments

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3
Q

How much mass does the skeletal system make up

A

About 20%

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4
Q

2 sections to human skeleton

A

Axial and appendicular

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5
Q

Axial section

A

Skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage

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6
Q

Appendicular section

A

Arms, legs, pelvis, shoulders

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7
Q

Other name of vetebral column

A

Spinal column or spine

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8
Q

How many skull bones

A

22, 8 cranial 14 facial

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9
Q

What is the mandible and is it strong

A

jaw bone, strongest in the body

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10
Q

Ulna

A

Near pinkie

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11
Q

Radius

A

Near thumb

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12
Q

Fibula

A

Side of shin outside

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13
Q

Tibia

A

Main part of shin

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14
Q

Ossification

A

Hardening of bone

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15
Q

Epiphyseal plates

A

Growth plates

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16
Q

Three types of muscle tissue

A

Cardiac, smooth/visceral, skeletal muscle

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17
Q

Myofibrils/fibrils

A

Tiny rods in muscle fiber

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18
Q

Sarcomeres

A

Tiny Unit responsible for skeletal muscle contraction

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19
Q

What does a sarcomere contain

A

Thin (actin) and thick (myosin) filaments

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20
Q

Sliding filament theory

A

Skeletal muscle movement- sarcomere responsible for relaxed and contracted muscle

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21
Q

How many muscles in the human body

A

634

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22
Q

Tendons

A

Attaches muscles to bones

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23
Q

Fascia

A

Attaches muscles to muscles

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24
Q

Adduction

A

Moving body part toward midline of the body

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25
Q

Abduction

A

Moving a body part away from the body

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26
Q

Flexion

A

Bending a joint to decrease tension angle between two bones or body parts

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27
Q

Extension

A

Straightening or extending joint to increase angle between two bones/body parts

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28
Q

Rotation

A

Moving a body part around an axis

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29
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Calves

30
Q

Sartorius

A

Hip flexor

31
Q

Dendrites

A

Carry signals into a nerve

32
Q

Axons

A

Away out of a nerve cell

33
Q

Myelin sheaths

A

Insulation

34
Q

Soma

A

Nerve cell

35
Q

Two parts of the nervous system

A

Central system and peripheral system

36
Q

What regions make up the spinal cord

A

Cervical, lumbar, thoracic, spinal nerves

37
Q

Afferent nerves

A

Carry information from the body to the brain

38
Q

Efferent nerves

A

Carry info from brain to body

39
Q

Central nervous system

A

Brain and spinal cord

40
Q

Peripheral system

A

Somatic and autonomic

41
Q

Somatic

A

Motor and sensory, skin, sensory organs, and skeletal muscles. Voluntary

42
Q

Autonomic

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic involuntary/ vegetative nervous system

43
Q

Sympathetic vs parasympathetic

A

Sympathetic flight fight freeze while parasympathetic returns body to normal

44
Q

Most important nerves

A

Nerves going through Spine and brain

45
Q

What does CNS do when it gets a signal

A

Sends a response back to the body part

46
Q

What is the brain and spinal cord protected by

A

Skull and vertebrae

47
Q

Liquid substance inside spinal column that protects nerves

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

48
Q

What does cerebrospinal fluid do

A

Conduct better signals, gets rid of waste, protects the nerves

49
Q

Arteries

A

O2 rich blood away from heart

50
Q

Valves

A

Allow blood flow one way but not the other

51
Q

Veins

A

O2 poor blood back to heart

52
Q

Capillaries

A

Gas exchange, o2 co2 and waste

53
Q

Diastolic

A

Bottom reading of blood pressure, arterial when in between beats

54
Q

Systolic

A

Arterial pressure when heart is beating/contracted top reading of blood pressure

55
Q

3 things that help move blood

A

Smooth muscles, movement, valvez

56
Q

3 major structure in the cardiovascular system

A

Heart, blood vessels, blood

57
Q

Heart pumps blood to do what

A

Move nutrients and remove metabolic waste

58
Q

Right side of heart

A

Pushes blood to lungs to oxygenate

59
Q

Left side of heart

A

Pumps oxygenated blood to rest of body

60
Q

4 chambers of the heart

A

Right and left atria, right and left ventricles

61
Q

3 tissue layers of heart

A

Endocardium, myocardium, pericardium

62
Q

SA node

A

Known as pacemaker

63
Q

How does oxygen in blood move

A

Oxygen binds to hemoglobin

64
Q

Superior vena cava

A

Above - Feeds deoxygenated blood into heart

65
Q

Inferior vena cava

A

Bottom - Pushes deoxygenated blood to lungs out of heart

66
Q

Bicuspid valve

A

Left side of heart,lets blood through atria to ventricle

67
Q

Strongest ventricle

A

Left ventricle

68
Q

Aorta

A

Largest artery, feeds oxygenated blood from top of heart into it to distribute oxygenated blood

69
Q

Tricuspid valve

A

Lets blood through right atria to right ventricle

70
Q

How long does a red blood cell take to travel throughout the body

A

1 minute

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