Health Flashcards
Name all the food groups that you need to eat for a balanced diet?
Carbohydrates Fats Protein Fiber Vitamins Minerals
Name the chemical reactions that are used to create energy in the body?
Metabolism
What do you call the speed of metabolism?
Metabolic Rate
If a person has a higher Muscle:Fat ratio what do they have? The same for physically bigger people.
A higher metabolic rate
What is the name given to an unbalanced diet?
Malnourishment
What can malnourishment cause?
Obesity/Thinness.
What leads to obesity?
Hormonal problems, bad diet, overeating,lack of exercise.
What health problems can arise due to obesity?
Arthritis, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease and cancer.
What happens when you are too thin and are not eating enough?
Slow growth( in children), fatigue, poor immune system, scurvy and irregular periods.
Describe bacteria.
Very small cells, which reproduce in the body amd ones that make you feel ill be it by 1) releasing toxins 2) or damaging cells.
Describe viruses.
Not cells, replicate themselves by going into body cells using the cells machinery to replicate and make copies of itself then bursting the cell to release itself, the cell damage makes you feel ill.
What are the two types of the main white blood cells in the immune system?
Phagocytes and lymphocytes
What do phagocytes do?
They engulf foreign cells/pathogens detected as the antigens produce chemicals.
What do Lymphocytes do?
Lymphocytes have antibodies that latch onto and and kill the pathogen that has the antigens that the antibodies can latch onto.
Antibodies kill all of the other viruses or bacterium
to kill them: after this is dealt with the white blood cells turn into memory cell remembering the antigen shape so that the next time the pathogen comes it is dealt with quickly. It also counteracts the toxins.
How do vaccinations work?
A dead or inactive pathogen is sent into the body and the antigens cause the body to produce antibodies to attack them, so the next time a real pathogen comes in the body remembers the shape of the antigen and deals with the pathogen quickly.
