Headache & EOR Flashcards
most often due to a reaction to trigger substances
vascular
Cause of vascular headache
something that the patient has ingested in the prior 24 hrs
Characteristic of vascular headache
dull or throbbing
location of vascular headache
frontal
fronto-temporal portion
occipital
True or false
Vascular headache is only present on awakening of patient and does not awaken patient in the morning
False
Vascular HA is present on awakening and may also awaken the px in the morning.
Both astigmatic/ocular headache and vascular headache are with occipital pain, give ddx
Vascular - present in the morning
astigmatic/ocular headache - present in the afternoon
2 types of psychogenic headache
Tension-anxiety
Conversion-hysteria
result of normal physiological concomitants, anxiety equivalent or emotional tension which is accompanied by spam and contraction of the cervical and scalp musculature (muscle pain)
Tension-anxiety
Tension-anxiety is a result of normal physiological concomitants, anxiety equivalent or emotional tension which is accompanied by
spam and contraction of the cervical and scalp musculature (muscle pain)
an attempt to the part of the px to relieve an emotional tension
conversion hysteria
Location of tension headache
Frontal
Occipital
Muscle pain
is a dull, deep aching and non-pulsating headache felt in the frontal and maxillary regions.
Sinus headache
character of sinus headache
dull
deep aching
non-pulsating
location of sinus headache
frontal and maxillary
Sinus headache is more severe in the 1._______ and diminishing 2. ___________________ except for the maxillary sinusitis, in which the pain often begins in the ____________and relieved by ________.
- morning
- later in the day
- early afternoon
- recumbency
Character of intracranial disease headache
- constant, more or less severe, deep & steady
- sharp in nature
Location of intracranial HA
top or front of the head and occipital
evidence of neurological dysfunction
Intracranial HA with bursting pain and often associated with vomiting
disappearing with changes in the position of the head, is characteristic of
ventricle tumor
the pain is characterized by sudden, violent and paroxysmal that usually lasting for a matter of second
neuralgia
Neuralgia is described as
tearing, knife-like or stabbing pain
Neuralgia attacks can be precipitated by pressure on trigger area, which are at the:
supraorbital foramen or in the lateral neck area
Cluster headache is also known as
histamine cephalgia
character of cluster headache
severe, boring, unilateral
Location of cluster headache
temporal region
Cluster headache is often accompanied by
ipsilateral lacrimation
nasal congestion
most sufferers of cluster headache are
middle aged men
More apt to occur while a person is lying down
cluster headache
Sometimes the sufferer can abort an attack by getting up and walking around or even sitting up in the bed. The patient often described the pain as unbearable.
cluster HA
greatest image jump
kryptok
less image jump
flattop
no image jump
PAL
refers to the process of evaluating and interpreting various aspects of a patient’s visual system to asses their visual health, functioning, and perfromance that will aid in the diagnosis and management of vision condition.
visual analysis
Purposes of visual analysis
- Diagnosis and treatment
- Monitor Visual Health
- Prescription of corrective measure
- Evaluation of visual function
- Detection of eye diseases and conditions
- Patient education and counseling
Etiology of refractive error
Axial
Curvature
Index
Obliquity
What type of EOR has longer than normal axial length?
Axial myopia
What type of EOR has shorter than normal axial length
Axial hyperopia
Axial length of a newborn baby
17.3 mm
Axial length: 7-8 years old
20-22 mm
Axial length: 7-8 years old
20-22 mm
Estimate EOR of a newborn baby
+2.00D to +3.50D
For every 1 mm in axial lengthening is equal to
3.00 D
What is the axial length if the EOR is -9.25 D?
27.08 mm
How much EOR is present if the axial length is 21.92?
6.25D
What type of EOR is present with steep cornea?
Curvature myopia
What type of EOR is present with steep cornea?
Curvature myopia
What type of EOR is present with flat cornea?
Curvature hyperopia
Flatter/steeper?
Higher the amount of ROC in MM
Lower amount of ROC in MM
Higher the amount in D
Lower the amount in D
Higher the amount of ROC in MM → the FLATTER
Lower amount of ROC in MM → the STEEPER
Higher the amount in D → the STEEPER
Lower the amount in D → the FLATTER
Normal curvature of the cornea in:
1. mm
2. D
- 7.8 mm
- 44D
High index of refraction
Index myopia
Weak index of refraction
Index hyperopia
Normal index of refraction of AH/VH
1.33
Age of early maturity
20-35,40
Age of maturity
40 and above
Ethnic group/ Race
1. Korean
2. 1st world country
3. 3rd world
- Myopic
- Myopic
- Hyperopic
According to physical built
1. Tall & long extremities
2. Short or small
- Hyperopic
- Myopic
According to attitude
1. Shy, introvert
2. Confident, outgoing, extrovert
- Myopic
- Hyperopic
