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PHARM 558- OTC > headache > Flashcards

headache Flashcards

1
Q

types of primary headaches

A

tension, migraine, cluster

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2
Q

dif btwn primary and secondary

A

primary not associated with underlying cause

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3
Q

self-treatment for secondary

A

all excluded from self-treatment except for minor sinus HA

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4
Q

tension HA location

A
  • Bilateral
  • Top of head to base of skull
  • pain like a band squeezing the head
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5
Q

tension HA nature

A

Varies: diffuse ache to tight, pressing, constricting pain

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6
Q

tension HA onset

A

gradual

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7
Q

tension HA duration

A

minutes to days

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8
Q

tension HA other symptoms

A

scalp tenderness

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9
Q

tension HA, consult physician if

A

chronic, ≥15 days/month for ≥ 6 months

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10
Q

tension HA non-drug treatments

A

physical therapy, relaxation exercises, acupuncture

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11
Q

migraine HA location

A

-Usually unilateral

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12
Q

migraine HA nature

A
  • Throbbing, may be preceded by an aura

- pain, nausea, visual changes typical

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13
Q

migraine HA onset

A

Sudden

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14
Q

migraine HA duration

A

Hours to 2 days

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15
Q

migraine HA other symptoms

A

Nausea, vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia, sinus symptoms, tinnitus, light-headedness, vertigo, irritability

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16
Q

migraine HA family history

A

70% have family history

17
Q

migraine HA non-drug treatments

A
  • Maintain regular sleep, eating and exercise schedules
  • Stress management
  • Biofeedback
  • Cognitive therapy
  • Ice/cold packs with pressure to forehead or temple
  • Avoid triggers
18
Q

migraine HA drug treatments timing

A
  • Predictable migraines (e.g. menstruation), ibuprofen or naproxen before and throughout event
  • Once migraine starts, analgesics less effective
19
Q

migraine HA supplements

A

Oral magnesium reduces migraine frequency and intensity

20
Q

cluster HA location

A

pain is in and around 1 eye

21
Q

sinus HA location

A

Face, forehead or periorbital area

22
Q

sinus HA nature

A

Pressure behind eyes or face,
Dull bilateral pain
Worse in the morning

23
Q

sinus HA onset

A

Simultaneous with sinus symptoms, including purulent nasal discharge

24
Q

sinus HA duration

A

Days (resolves with sinus symptoms)

25
Q

sinus HA other symptoms

A

Nasal congestion

Intensified with stooping or blowing nose

26
Q

analgesics limitations

A

limit to 3 days/week to avoid medication-overuse headache

do not take >10 days unless reommended by provider

27
Q

referral, length

A

Persists ≥ 10 days

28
Q

referral, age

A

< 8 years of age

29
Q

referral, migraine

A

Undiagnosed migraine HA

30
Q

referral, pregnancy

A

3rd trimester of pregnancy

31
Q

referral, medical conditions

A

History of liver disease

High fever or signs of serious infection

32
Q

referral, alcohol

A

≥ 3 alcoholic drinks/day

33
Q

headache treatment goals

A 
Alleviate acute pain
Restore normal functioning
Prevent relapse
Minimize side effects
Reduce frequency
Prevent medication overuse
34
Q

sinus HA cause

A

Infection/blockage -> inflammation or distension of sinus walls
Accompany acute sinusitis
-Symptoms: toothache (upper teeth), facial pain, nasal congestion, nasal discharge

35
Q

sinus HA treatment

A

Respond well to decongestants

Pseudoephedrine most effective

36
Q

sinus HA, referral if

A

Persistent sinus pain and/or discharge suggests infection and requires medical referral

37
Q

analgesics overuse, rebound HA

A

Rebound following analgesic withdrawal

Associated with > twice/week use for ≥ 3 months

38
Q

preventing rebound HA

A

Taper analgesics and subsequently eliminate
Treat with medical supervision
Prescription medication may be needed for increased headaches during withdrawal period.

PHARM 558- OTC (21 decks)

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