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Neurology > Headache > Flashcards

Headache Flashcards

1
Q

Red flags of headache in associated conditions

A 
Pregnancy/ postpregnancy status
SLE
Behcets disease
Vasculitis
Sarcoidosis
Cancer
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2
Q

Rebound headaches result from sudden withdrawal from medication overuse, which is defined as…

A

> 10x/ mo (esp. ergots, triptans, opioids)

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3
Q

High-risk group for headaches

A

> 50 y/o, new/ worsening headache

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4
Q

Diagnosis for thunderclap headache

A

SAH unless proven otherwise

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5
Q

Most common cause of SAH

A

Aneurysmal rupture

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6
Q

Hereditary condition highly associated with intracranial aneurysm

A

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

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7
Q

What to check on a patient with headache and fever

A

Meningismus (stiff neck)

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8
Q

What to check on a patient with Horner’s syndrome

A

Visual acuity and visual fields

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9
Q

Differentials on headache w/ eye pain

A

Angle-closure glaucoma
Endophthalmitis
Scleritis

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10
Q

Features of cluster headache

A

Severe
Unilateral
Lasts for 15-180 mins
Circadian/ circannual pattern

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11
Q

Classic triad of patients with headache & CNS infection

A

Nuchal rigidity
Altered sensorium
Fever

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12
Q

PE finding of raised ICP

A

Papilledema

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13
Q

If LP is delayed and meningitis is suspected….

A

administer antibx w/o delay

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14
Q

Diagnosis for acute headache with vestibular symptoms

A

Cerebellar hemorrhage unless proven otherwise

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15
Q

Characteristic of headache for patients w/ brain tumor

A

Headache worsened by valsalva maneuver or awakening from sleep

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16
Q

Risk factors for cerebral venous thrombosis

A

Women
Peripartum period
Recent surgical hx
Hypercoagulable state

17
Q

S/Sx of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES)

A 
Severe headache
Visual changes
Seizures
Encephalopathy
in the setting of markedly elevated blood pressure elevation
18
Q

2nd differential if SAH is ruled out

A

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome

19
Q

Hallmark of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome

A

Multiple areas of vasoconstriction on cerebral angiography found b/w 2-3 wks from onset, normal head CT

20
Q

One thunderclap headache in the course of weeks of severe headache w/ or w/o seizures or focal neuro deficits

A

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome

21
Q 
New-onset headache
Age >50
ESR >50
Tenderness on palpation of temporal arteries
Proximal muscle weakness
Jaw claudication
Transient visual loss
TIA
A

Temporal arteritis (giant cell arteritis)

22
Q

Chronic migraine

A

5 or more episodes per month over the past 3 mos

23
Q

Antihistamine preferred for acute migraine attack

A

Diphenhydramine 25-50 mg IV

24
Q

Migraine medication contraindicated in pregnant women

A

Triptans

25
Q

Paroxysms of lancinating pain at the back of the head, stabbing or electric-shock type; attributed to chronic neck tension or OA of cervical spine

A

Occipital neuralgia

26
Q

Tx for occipital neuralgia

A

Occipital nerve block

27
Q 
Headache common in obese women
Transient visual obscurations
Back pain
Pulsatile tinnitus
Visual loss
A

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri)

28
Q

LP opening pressure on inc ICP

A

> 25 cm (adults); >28 cm (children)

29
Q

Tx of inc ICP in pseudotumor cerebri

A

Acetazolamide 250-200 mg IV

30
Q

Removal of 1 mL of CSF will lower ICP by about __cm H2O

A

1

31
Q

S/Sx of cluster headache

A

Recurring for >1 week, remitting for at least 4 weeks
Unilateral ,excruciating, brief & limited
Patients usually pace

32
Q

Tx of cluster headache

A

100% O2 at 12 LPM via NRM

Sumatriptan 6 mg SC

33
Q

Sudden severe headache; tends to be retroorbital, bifrontal or suboccippital; CT scan shows sellar mass and hemorrhage

A

Pituitary apoplexy

34
Q

Tx of pituitary apoplexy

A 
Corticosteroids
Neurosurg eval (cerebral aneurysm co-occurence rate: 7.4 %)
35
Q

Congenital, slow growing, benign MC tumor of the 3rd ventricle

A

Colloid cyst

Neurology (6 decks)

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