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Gross anatomy stuff > Head/Thorax/Abdomen and Neck cards > Flashcards

Head/Thorax/Abdomen and Neck cards Flashcards

1
Q

Rectus Abdominis

A

Origin- pubic symphysis and pubic crest

Insertion- Xiphoid process and the 5th-7th costal cartilages

Innervation- Thoracoabdominal nerves (venteral rami of T6-T-12 spinal nerves)

Action- Flexes trunk (lumbar vertebrae) and compresses the abdominal viscera
-stabalizes and posteriorly tilts pelvis

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2
Q

Transerves Abdominus

A

Origin- Interal surfaces of 7yj-12th costal cartilages; thoracolumbar facia; Iliac crest; lateral third of the inguinal ligament

Insertion- Lina alba with the aponeurosis of the internal oblique; pubic crest; pecten pubis via the conjoint tendon

Innervation- Thoracoabdominal nerves (venteral rami of T6-T12 spinal nerves) first lumbar nerves

Action- compresses and supports abdominal viscera

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3
Q

Internal Oblique

A

Origin- Thoracolumbar facia; anterior two thirds of the iliac crest; lateral two thirds of in inguinal ligament

Insertion- Inferior boarders of the 10th-12th ribs; linea alba’ pecten pubis via the conjoint tendon

Innervation- Thoracoabdominal nerves (ventral rami of T6-T12 spinal nerves) and first lumbar nerves

Action- bilaterally flexes trunk

      - Unilaterally rotates trunk ipsilaterally 
      - compresses abdominal
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4
Q

External Oblique

A

Origin- external serfaces of the 5th-12th ribs

Insertion- Linea alba; pubic tubercle; anterior half of the iliac crest

Innervation- Thoracoabdominal nerves (T7-T11 spinal nerves) and subcostal nerve

Action- Bilaterally flexes trunk

     - Unilaterally rotates trunk contralterally 
      - compresses abdominal viscera
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5
Q

Transverse Thoracis

A

Innervation- interacostal nerve

Action- weakly depresses ribs

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6
Q

Innermost Intercostal

A

Innervation- intercostal nerve

Action-
Interosseous part: depresses ribs during forced respiration

Interchondral part: elevates ribs during forced respiration

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7
Q

Internal Intercostal

A

Innervation- intercostal nerve

Action-
Interosseous part: depresses ribs during forced respiration

Interchondral part: elevates ribs during forced respiration

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8
Q

External Intercostal

A

Innervation- intercostal nerve

Action- elevates ribs during forced inspiration

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9
Q

Lateral Pterygoid

A

Origin- a triangular two headed muscle from (1) infratemporal surface and crest of greater wing of sphenoid and (2) lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate

Insertion- Upper head attaches primarily to join t capsule and articular disc of TMJ; inferior head attaches primarily to pterygoid fovea on anteromedial aspect of the neck of condyloid process of madible

Innervation- anterior trunk of mandibular nerve (CN V3) via lateral pterygoid nerve

Action- 
Acting bilaterally: 
Protracts madible and depresses chin 
Acting Unilaterally: 
swings jaw tword contralateral sid; alternate unilateral contraction produces larger lateral chewing movements
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10
Q

Medial Pterygoid

A

Innervation- Anterior trunk of madibular nerve (CN V3) via medial pterygoid nerve

Action- acts synergistically with masseter to elevate mandible

      - contributes to protrusion 
       - alternate unilateral activity produces smaller grinding movements
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11
Q

Temporalis

A

Innervation- Anterior trunk of mandibular nerve (CN V3) via deep temporal branches

Action- elevates mandible thus closing jaw
- Horizontal (posterior) fibers are primary retractors of mandible

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12
Q

Masseter

A

Innervation- Anterior trunk of mandibular nerve (CN V3) via masseteric nerve

Action- elevates madible thus closing jaw
- superfical fibers make a limited contribution to protrusion of mandible

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13
Q

Logus Colli

A

Innervation- anterior rami of C2-C6 spinal nerves

Action- flexes head acting bilaterally
-contralateral rotation acting unilaterally

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14
Q

Longus Capitis

A

Innervation- Anterior rami of C1-C3 spinal nerves

Action- Flex head

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15
Q

Rectus Capitis Lateralis

A

Innervation- Branches from the loop between C1 and C2 spinal nerves

Action- Flexes head and help stabilize it

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16
Q

Rectus Capitis Anterior

A

Innervation- Branches from the loop between C1 and C2 spinal nerves

Action- flex head

17
Q

Posterior Scalene

A

Origin- Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C2-C7 vertebrae

Insertion- external border of 2nd rib

Action- laterally flexes head and neck
- elevates 2nd rib during forced inspiration

18
Q

Anterior Scalene

A

Origin- Transverse processes of C3-C6 vertebrae

Insertion- 1st rib

Innervation- Ventral rami of C4-C6 spinal nerves

Action- Laterally flexes head and neck to same side
-elevates rib during forced inspiration

19
Q

Middle Scalene

A

Origin- posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C2-C7 vertebrae

Insertion- 1st rib

Innervation- Ventral rami of C3-C8 spinal nerves

Action- laterally flexes head and neck to same side,
-elevates first rib during forced inspiration

20
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Origin- mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral half of superior nuchal line

Insertion-
Sternal head: manubrium of sternum
Clavicular head: medial third of clavicle

Innervation- spinal accessory nerve (CN XI, motor); C2 and C3 nerves (pain and proprioception)

Action-
Unilateraly- Ipsilat laterally bends and contralat rotates head and neck
Bilaterally: prodrudes head and neck, elevates sternum during forceful expiration

21
Q

Stylohyoid

A

Innervation- stylohyoid branch of facial nerve (CN VII)

Action- elevates and retracts hyoid, thus elongating floor of mouth

22
Q

Mylohyoid

A

Innervation- nerve to mylohyoid, a branch of inferior alveolar nerve (from mandibular nerve, CN V3)

Action- elevates hyoid, floor of mouth, and tongue during speaking and swallowing

23
Q

Posterior Digastric

A

Innervation- Digastric branch of facial verve (CN VII)

Action- working with infrahyoid muscles;

     - depresses madible against resistance 
      - elevates and steadies hyoid during swallowing and speaking
24
Q

Anterior Digastric

A

Innervation- nerve to mylohyoid, a branch of inferior alveolar nerve

Action- working with infrahyoid muscles

             - depresses mandible against resistance 
              - elevates and steadies hyoid during swallowing and speaking
25
Q

Thyrohyoid

A

Innervation- C1 via hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

Action- depresses hyoid and elevates larynx

26
Q

Sternothyroid

A

Innervation- C2 and C3 by branch of ansa cervicalis

Action- depresses hyoid and larynx

27
Q

Omohyoid

A

Innervation- C1-C3 by a branch of ansa cervicalis

Action- depresses, retracts, and steadies the hyoid

28
Q

Sternohyoid

A

Innervation- C1-C3 by a branch of ansa cervicalis

Action- depresses hyoid after elevation during swallowing

29
Q

Platysma

A

Innervation- Cervical branches of facial nerve (CN VII)

Action- draws the corner of the mouth inferiorly and widens it (sadness and fright)
-draws skin of neck superiorly when teeth are clenched

30
Q

Orbicularis Oculi

A

Innervation- Facial nerve (CN VII) via temporal and zygomatic

Action- closes eyelids; palpebral part does so gently; orbital part does so tightly (winking)

31
Q

Buccinator

A

Innervation- Facial nerve (CN VII) vial buccal

Action- presses cheek against molar teeth; works with tongue to keep food between occlusal surfaces and out of oral vestibule;

32
Q

Levator Anguli Oris

A

Innervation- Facial nerve (C VII) via buccal

Action- part of dialators of mouth; elevate labial commissure
- bilaterally to smile (happiness) and unilaterally to sneer (disdain)

33
Q

Levator Labii Superioris

A

Innervation- Facial nerve (C VII) via buccal

Action- elevates and/or evert upper lip; deepen nasolabial sulcus (showing sadness)

34
Q

Depressor Anguli Oris

A

Innervation- Facial nerve (C VII) vial marginal mandibular

Action- part of dilators of mouth; depresses labial commissure bilaterally to frown (sadness)

35
Q

Orbicularis Oris

A

Innervation- Facial nerve (CN VII) via buccal

Action- phasic contraction compresses and protrudes lips (kissing) or resists destension (blowing)

Gross anatomy stuff (7 decks)

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