Head, Neck & Face Flashcards
Sternocleidomastoid
O: sternal head: top of manubrium
clavicular head: medial one third of clavicle
I: mastoid process and lateral portion of superior nuchal line
A: unilaterally: ipsilateral laterally flex neck, contralateral rotation neck
bilaterally: flex neck, assist elevate rib cage during inhalation
N: spinal accessory (XI) nerve, C2, 3
Anterior Scalene
O: TVPs of C3-C6 (anterior tubercles)
I: first rib
A: unilaterally: with ribs fixed, ipsilateral laterally flex neck, contralateral rotation neck
bilaterally: elevate ribs during inhalation, flex neck
N: C(3), 4-8
Middle Scalene
O: TVPs of C2-C7 (posterior tubercles)
I: first rib
A: unilaterally: with ribs fixed, ipsilateral laterally flex neck, contralateral rotation neck
bilaterally: elevate ribs during inhalation
N: C(3), 4-8
Posterior Scalene
O: TVPs of C6 and C7 (posterior tubercles)
I: second rib
A: unilaterally: with ribs fixed, ipsilateral laterally flex neck, contralateral rotation neck
bilaterally: elevate ribs during inhalation
N: C(3), 4-8
Masseter
O: zygomatic arch
I: angle and ramus of mandible
A: elevate mandible, may assist protract mandible
N: trigeminal (CNV) nerve (mandibular division)
Temporalis
O: temporal fossa and fascia
I: coronoid process and anterior edge of ramus of mandible
A: elevate mandible, retract mandible
N: trigeminal (CNV) nerve (mandibular division)
Geniohyoid
(Suprahyoid)
O: understand od mandible
I: hyoid bone
A: elevate hyoid and tongue, depress mandible
N: C1, 2
Mylohyoid
(Suprahyoid)
O: underside of mandible
I: hyoid bone
A: elevate hyoid and tongue, depress mandible
N: trigeminal (CNV)
Stylohyoid
(Suprahyoid)
O: styloid process
I: hyoid bone
A: elevate hyoid and tongue, depress mandible
N: facial (CNVII)
Digastric
(Suprahyoid)
O: mastoid process (deep to SCM and splenius capitis)
I: inferior border of mandible
A: with hyoid bone fixed depress the mandible, with mandible fixed elevate hyoid bone, retract mandible
Sternohyoid
(Infrahyoid)
O: top of manubrium
I: hyoid bone
A: depress hyoid and thyroid cartilage
N: C1, 2, 3
Sternothyroid
(Infrahyoid)
O: top of manubrium
I: thyroid cartilage
A: depress hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage
N: C1, 2, 3
Thyrohyoid
(Infrahyoid)
O: thyroid cartilage
I: hyoid bone
A: depress hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage
N: C1, 2
Omohyoid
(Infrahyoid)
O: superior border of scapula
I: hyoid bone
A: depress hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage
N: C1, 2, 3
Platysma
O: fascia covering superior part of pectoralis major
I: base of mandible, skin of lower part of face
A: assist depress mandible, tighten fascia of face, draw down corner of mouth
N: facial (CNVII)
Occipitofrontalis
O: galea aponeurosis
I: frontalis: skin superior to eyebrows
occipitalis: superior nuchal line of occiput
A: frontalis: raise eyebrows and wrinkle forehead
occipitalis: anchor and retract galea posteriorly
N: facial (CNVII)
Medial Pterygoid
O: medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone and tuberosity of maxilla
I: medial surface of ramus of mandible
A: unilaterally: contralateral lateral deviate mandible
bilaterally: elevate mandible, protract mandible
N: trigeminal (CNV)
Lateral Pterygoid
O: superior head: infratemporal surface and crest of greater wing of sphenoid bone
inferior head: lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
I: articular disc and capsule of TMJ, neck of mandible
A: unilaterally: contralateral lateral deviate mandible
bilaterally: protract mandible
N: trigeminal (CNV)
Longus Capitis
O: TVPs of C3-C6
I: inferior surface of occiput
A: unilaterally: ipsilateral lateral flex head and neck, ipsilateral rotate head and neck
bilaterally: flex head and neck
N: C1, 2, 3, (4)
Longus Colli
O: bodies of C5-T3, TVPs of C3-C5
I: tubercle on anterior arch of atlas; bodies of axis, C3, C4; TVPs of C5, C6
A: unilaterally: ipsilateral laterally flex head and neck, ipsilateral rotate head and neck
bilaterally: flex head and neck
N: C2-6, (7)
Muscles of Facial Expression
Orbicularis oculi (orbital part)
Orbicularis oculi (palpebral part)
Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
Levator labii superioris
Zygomaticus minor
Zygomaticus major
Levator anguli oris
Buccinator
Frontalis
Procerus
Corrugator supercili
Nasalis (transverse part)
Orbicularis oris
Risorius
Depressor anguli oris
Depressor labii inferioris
Mentalis
Platysma
