Head, Neck Anatomy

Question 1

Muscles of facial expression

-occipital frontalis

Answer 1

Originates and inserts - eyebrows, fascia and skin of skull

Action- raises eyebrows

Question 2

Muscles of facial expression

-Where is the Anterior auricular

Answer 2

In front of the ear

Question 3

Muscles of facial expression

-Where is the superior auricular

Answer 3

Above the ear

Question 4

Muscles of facial expression

-Where is the posterior auricular

Answer 4

Behind the ear

Question 5

Muscles of mastication

- masseter

Answer 5

Originates- lower border of zygomatic arch

Inserts- lateral ramus the mandible and coronoid process

Action- closes the jaw

Question 6

Muscles of mastication

-temporalis

Answer 6

Originates- temporal fascia and fossa

Inserts- coronoid process and anterior border of ramus of mandible

Actions- closes and retracts jaw

Question 7

Muscles mastication

• Actions
• medial pterygoid
• lateral pterygoid

Answer 7

Medial pterygoid- closes the jaw

Lateral pterygoid- depresses and protrudes and moves mandible from side to side

Question 8

Muscles of mastication

-what four muscles open the jaw

Answer 8

Lateral pterygoid, digastric, mylohoid and platysma

Question 9

Muscles of mastication

- what three muscles close the jaw

Answer 9

Masseter, medial pterygoid, temporalis

Question 10

Muscles of mastication

- what muscle protrudes the jaw

Answer 10

Lateral pterygoids, both together

Question 11

Muscles of mastication

- what muscle retracts the jaw

Answer 11

Posterior fibers of temporalis

Question 12

Muscles of anterior neck

- platysma

Answer 12

Originates- deltoid and pectoral fascia

Inserts- mandible and skin

Actions - depresses angle of mouth and opens jaw

Question 13

Muscles of anterior neck

- scm

Answer 13

Originates- sternum and clavical

Inserts- mastoid process

Actions- bends head to same side, rotates head,
Raises chin to same side, together bends head forward,
Elevates chin

Question 14

Anterior vertebral muscles

- rectus capitis anterior

Answer 14

Originates- transverse process of atlas

Inserts- basilar part of occipital bone

Actions - flexes head

Question 15

Anterior vertebral muscles

- rectus capitis lateralis

Answer 15

Originates- upper transverse process of atlas

Inserts- lower jugular process of occipital bone

Actions- bends head to side

Question 16

Anterior vertebral muscles

- Anterior scalene

Answer 16

Originates- transverse process of c3- c6

Inserts- upper 1st rib

Actions- raises 1st rib and bends neck

Question 17

Anterior vertebral muscles

- middle scalene

Answer 17

Originates- transverse process of c2 to c7

Inserts- upper 1st rib

Actions- bends neck and raise 1st rib

Question 18

Anterior vertebral muscles

- posterior scalene

Answer 18

Originates- transverse process of c5- c7

Inserts- outer 2nd rib

Actions - raise 2nd rib

Question 19

Muscles of posterior neck

- trapezius

Answer 19

Originates- external occipital protuberance,
medial superior nuchae line, ligamentum nuchae,
spinous process c7, t1- t12

Inserts- posterior border of lateral clavical,
medial Marjin acromion,
posterior border of the spine of the scapula

Actions- rotates scapula, adducts scapula,
upper trap raise scapula, lower trap draws scapula down,
Upper trap draws head to same side & turns face to opp’ side,
2 sides together draw head back

Question 20

Muscles of posterior neck

- levator scapula

Answer 20

Originates- posterior tubercles of tp c1 to c4

Inserts- medial border of scapula above spine

Actions- elevates the scapula,
rotates scapula when scapula is fixed,
extends and laterally bends head

Question 21

Muscles of posterior neck

- splenius capitis

Answer 21

Originates- lig. Nuchae, spinous process of c7, t1 to t3

Inserts- lateral part of the occipital bone

Actions- extends the vertebral column

Question 22

Muscles of posterior neck

- splenius cervicis

Answer 22

Originates- spinous process of t3 to t6

Inserts- transverse process of c1 to c3

Actions- extends the vertebral column

Question 23

Muscles of posterior neck

- semispinalis capitis

Answer 23

Originates- c4 to c6

Inserts- planum nuchae of occipital bone

Actions- extends vertebral column