Head, Neck Anatomy Flashcards
Muscles of facial expression
-occipital frontalis
Originates and inserts - eyebrows, fascia and skin of skull
Action- raises eyebrows
Muscles of facial expression
-Where is the Anterior auricular
In front of the ear
Muscles of facial expression
-Where is the superior auricular
Above the ear
Muscles of facial expression
-Where is the posterior auricular
Behind the ear
Muscles of mastication
- masseter
Originates- lower border of zygomatic arch
Inserts- lateral ramus the mandible and coronoid process
Action- closes the jaw
Muscles of mastication
-temporalis
Originates- temporal fascia and fossa
Inserts- coronoid process and anterior border of ramus of mandible
Actions- closes and retracts jaw
Muscles mastication
- Actions
- medial pterygoid
- lateral pterygoid
Medial pterygoid- closes the jaw
Lateral pterygoid- depresses and protrudes and moves mandible from side to side
Muscles of mastication
-what four muscles open the jaw
Lateral pterygoid, digastric, mylohoid and platysma
Muscles of mastication
- what three muscles close the jaw
Masseter, medial pterygoid, temporalis
Muscles of mastication
- what muscle protrudes the jaw
Lateral pterygoids, both together
Muscles of mastication
- what muscle retracts the jaw
Posterior fibers of temporalis
Muscles of anterior neck
- platysma
Originates- deltoid and pectoral fascia
Inserts- mandible and skin
Actions - depresses angle of mouth and opens jaw
Muscles of anterior neck
- scm
Originates- sternum and clavical
Inserts- mastoid process
Actions- bends head to same side, rotates head,
Raises chin to same side, together bends head forward,
Elevates chin
Anterior vertebral muscles
- rectus capitis anterior
Originates- transverse process of atlas
Inserts- basilar part of occipital bone
Actions - flexes head
Anterior vertebral muscles
- rectus capitis lateralis
Originates- upper transverse process of atlas
Inserts- lower jugular process of occipital bone
Actions- bends head to side
Anterior vertebral muscles
- Anterior scalene
Originates- transverse process of c3- c6
Inserts- upper 1st rib
Actions- raises 1st rib and bends neck
Anterior vertebral muscles
- middle scalene
Originates- transverse process of c2 to c7
Inserts- upper 1st rib
Actions- bends neck and raise 1st rib
Anterior vertebral muscles
- posterior scalene
Originates- transverse process of c5- c7
Inserts- outer 2nd rib
Actions - raise 2nd rib
Muscles of posterior neck
- trapezius
Originates- external occipital protuberance,
medial superior nuchae line, ligamentum nuchae,
spinous process c7, t1- t12
Inserts- posterior border of lateral clavical,
medial Marjin acromion,
posterior border of the spine of the scapula
Actions- rotates scapula, adducts scapula,
upper trap raise scapula, lower trap draws scapula down,
Upper trap draws head to same side & turns face to opp’ side,
2 sides together draw head back
Muscles of posterior neck
- levator scapula
Originates- posterior tubercles of tp c1 to c4
Inserts- medial border of scapula above spine
Actions- elevates the scapula,
rotates scapula when scapula is fixed,
extends and laterally bends head
Muscles of posterior neck
- splenius capitis
Originates- lig. Nuchae, spinous process of c7, t1 to t3
Inserts- lateral part of the occipital bone
Actions- extends the vertebral column
Muscles of posterior neck
- splenius cervicis
Originates- spinous process of t3 to t6
Inserts- transverse process of c1 to c3
Actions- extends the vertebral column
Muscles of posterior neck
- semispinalis capitis
Originates- c4 to c6
Inserts- planum nuchae of occipital bone
Actions- extends vertebral column
