HEAD NECK Anatomy

Question 1

Jugular Foramen

Answer 1

CN 9, 10, 11
9= Glossopharyngeal
10= Vagus
11= Spinal Accessory nerve

Question 2

• Greater palatine nerve and artery

* Lesser palatine nerve and artery

Answer 2

hard palate

soft palate

Question 3

Ear inervation

Answer 3

lesser occipital (C2)
Auriculotemporal (V3)
Greater auricular C2 C3

Question 4

Jaw depressors

Answer 4

• Posterior belly of digastric CN7
• Infrahyoid muscles
• Anterior belly digastric V3
• Mylohyoid V3

Question 5

greater petrosal

lesser petrosal

Answer 5

greater petrosal= lacrimal

lesser petrosal= parotid

Question 6

External auditory meatus				
Foramen ovale 					
Foramen spinosum					
Internal auditory meatus				
Jugular foramen  				
FORAMEN ROTUNDUM

Answer 6

External auditory meatus air and sound
• Foramen ovale mandibular nerve
• Foramen spinosum middle meningeal artery and nerve
• Internal auditory meatus internal auditory meatus CN7 and CN8
• Jugular foramen CN9,10, 11, internal jugular vein
FORAMEN ROTUNDUM maxillary branch (V2) of trigeminal cranial nerve (CN V)

Question 7

Cricothyroid

Answer 7

Lengthens vocal ligaments, Cricothyroid’s function is in rocking the thyroid cartilage anteriorly to cause tension in the vocal ligament, not necessarily the adduction of the
arytenoid cartilages. VAGUS
**External branch of superior laryngeal nerve

ALL OTHERS abduction and adduction is other muscles innervated by superior and inferior recurrent laryngeal

Question 8

Salivary

Answer 8

Sympathetic: preganglionic T1-T3
Parasympathetic:
parotid= glossopharyngeal
facial nerve= submandibular

Question 9

Lateral pterygoid

Answer 9

depresses and protrudes the mandible

Question 10

Levator palpebrae superioris

Answer 10

Levator palpebrae superioris is NOT innervated by parasympathetics from short ciliary.
Sympathetics to the eye do not synapse in the ciliary ganglion, they come from the internal carotid sympathetic plexus.

Question 11

Pupillary Light Reflex
Corneal Reflex
 Sneeze Reflex
Gag Reflex
Cough Reflex
A: CN X
E: CN X

LESION DEVIATIONS:
CN X : Uvula moves toward opposite side of lesion
CN XII: Tounge moves toward lesion side (you lick your wounds)

If there is a lower motor neurone (LMN) lesion, the jaw deviates to the weak side when the mouth is opened.CNV

Gag: A = CN IX + CN X

Jaw Jerk Reflex A: CN V3, E: CN V3

Answer 11

1) Pupillary Light Reflex
A: CN II 
E: CN III
2) Corneal Reflex
A: CN V1
E: CN VII
3) Sneeze Reflex
A: CN V2
E: XN X
4) Gag Reflex
A: CN IX
E: CN X
5) Cough Reflex
A: CN X
E: CN X

LESION DEVIATIONS:
CN X : Uvula moves toward opposite side of lesion
CN XII: Tounge moves toward lesion side (you lick your wounds)

Question 12

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Answer 12

Subarachnoid hemorrhage aneurysm, blood in CSF

• cerebral arteries, can be detected in CSF

Question 13

sinusitis chapman point
Middle Ear
Nasal sinuses
tonsils and tongue

Answer 13

• Superior edge of 2nd rib
• midway between spinous process and transverse processes of C2
• clavicle and first rib

Question 14

otitis media chapman point

Answer 14

C1 transverse process, clavicle and first rib