Head & Neck

Question 1

Head and Scalp

Answer 1

Inspect:

• Skull shape, symmetry
• Hair distribution, texture
• Scalp for lesions

Question 2

Face (Inspection)

Answer 2

Inspect:

• Symmetry, deformity
• Skin color
• Hair distribution
• Areas of swelling
• masses

Question 3

Face (Palpation)

Answer 3

• Tenderness (including sinuses):
  Cranial bones, frontal bone, facial sinus/maxillary sinus
• Temporomandibular joint tenderness - crepitus (when opening/closing)
• Temporal arteries for pulses, tenderness, thickening

Question 4

Neck (Inspection)

Answer 4

Inspect:

• Trachea position, symmetry
• Thyroid size, symmetry

Question 5

Neck (Palpation)

Answer 5

Palpate:

• masses in the Musculature, tenderness
• Thyroid nodules, enlargement, tenderness: Isthmus, Lobes (right and left)

Question 6

Lymph Nodes (Inspection)

Answer 6

Inspect:

- Size, shape, symmetry, consistency, mobility, tenderness

Question 7

Lymph Nodes (Palpation)

Answer 7

• Occipital
• Postauricular
• Preauricular
• Submandibular
• Anterior cervical
• Posterior cervical
• Supraclavicular
• Infraclavicular

Question 8

Ears (Inspection)

Answer 8

• External ear alignment, redness, swelling, symmetry

- Mastoid area and area behind auricle (redness)

Question 9

Ears (Palpation)

Answer 9

• Auricle

- Mastoid process

Question 10

Ears (Evaluation)

Answer 10

• Gross hearing - Whisper test or ticking watch test

- Conductive vs. Neural hearing - Weber and Rinne tests

Question 11

Ears (Otoscope)

Answer 11

• Auditory canal for redness, swelling, discharge/cerumen, color
• Tympanic membrane for color, landmarks, light reflex, mobility

Question 12

Nose (Inspection)

Answer 12

• Symmetry
• Deviations
• Discharge
• Skin lesions

Question 13

Nose (Otoscope)

Answer 13

• Mucosa: color, masses, lesions, exudates, bleeding

- Septum - color, masses, lesions, perforations, deviation

Question 14

Mouth and Throat (Inspection)

Answer 14

W/ gloves and tongue depressor:

• Lips: swelling, color, lesions
• Teeth: caries, missing teeth, appliances
• Gums: color, swelling, inflammation
• Mucous membranes: color lesions, and salivary duct openings
• Tongue: lesions, contour, movement (including under the tongue and lateral edges
• Palate, uvula
• Tonsils: size and exudates
• Pharynx: color, lesions

Question 15

Mouth and Throat (Palpation)

Answer 15

• Teeth and gums: tenderness

- Buccal mucosa: masses