Head & Neck Flashcards
Contents of foremen lacerum
Internal carotid artery
Greater petrodollars nerve
Contents of foremen spinosum
Middle meningeal artery
Contents of foremen ovale
MALE
Mandibular div of trigerminal nerve
Accessory meningeal artery
Lesser petrosal nerve
Emissary vein
Contents of foremen rotundum
Maxillary div of trigerminal nerve
Contents of optic canal
Optic nerve
Opthalmic artery
Contents of superior orbital fissure
TOTA
Trochlear nerve
Occulotor nerve
Trigerminal nerve
Abducence nerve
Opthalmic vein
Lamina cribrosa
A sieve-like point where the optic nerve pierces the outer layer of eye
Structures piercing the sclera
Posterior ciliary artery
Vena vorticocae (choroid vein)
Anterior ciliary artery
Extra ocular muscle
Canal of schlemn
Circular canals that are found at the corneoscleral junction
Scleral spur
A bulging
Provides attachment for ciliary muscle
Iridocorneal angle
An angle between the cornea and the iris
Suprachoroidal lamina
Found between the choroid and the sclera
Dentate line
A point where the retina ends anteriorly
Midway between the orbital equator and the corneoscleral junction
Fundus oculi
Comprises of optic disk and macula lutea
Structures piercing the sclera
Structures piercing the sclera
Posterior ciliary artery
Vena vorticocae (choroid vein)
Anterior ciliary artery
Extra ocular muscle
Scleral spur
A bulging
Provides attachment for ciliary muscle
Iridocorneal angle
An angle between the cornea and the iris
Suprachoroidal lamina
Found between the choroid and the sclera
Dentate line
A point where the retina ends anteriorly
Midway between the orbital equator and the corneoscleral junction
Fundus oculi
Comprises of optic disk and macula lutea
Conjunctival sac
Space between the eyelid and eyeball
Upper & lower conjunctival sacs
Blood supply to the scalp
External carotid: POS
Internal carotid: supraorbital, supratrochlea
Blood supply to the tongue
Lingual artery from external carotid
Blood supply to the mandible
Inferior alveolar artery from maxillary artery
Blood supply to the face
Facial artery from external carotid
Transverse facial from superficial temporal
Supratrochlear & supraorbital
Nerve supply to the scalp
Zygomaticotemporal from maxillary
Auriculotemporal from mandibular
Nerve supply to the tongue
Motor: mainly hypoglossal, partly GVS( glosso, vagus, cervical sympathetic)
Sensory: lingual nerve (trigerminal and chorda tympani part)
Nerve supply to the mandible
Inferior alveolar nerve
Nerve supply to the eye muscles
Lr6, So4, others 3
Nerve supply to the face
Motor: facial nerve
Sensory: trigerminal nerve (all 3 branches)
Lymphatic drainage of scalp
Anterior vessels: preauricular
Post vessels: mastoid & cervical
Lymphatic drainage of face
Submental
Sub mandibular
Preauricular
Lymphatic drainage of tongue
Tip: submental
Anterior: sub mandibular
Posterior: deep cervical & jugulodigastric
All drain into jugulo-omohyoid
Muscles of face
Dilators and constrictors of 3 openings
Muscles of tongue
Intrinsic: sup & inf longitudinal, transverse, vertical
Extrinsic: genioglossus, hyoglossus, palatoglossus, styloglossus
Muscles of eye
Intrinsic: ciliary muscle, 2 pupillary muscles
Extrinsic: sup & inf oblique, sup, inf, medial & lateral oblique
Parts of the lens
Elastic capsule
Layer of epithelial cells
Nucleus
Hypoglossal palsy
Injury to hypoglossal nerve
Tongue deviates to paralysed side bcuz muscles are pushing the tongue not pulling
Sebaceous cyst
Inflammation of sebaceous glands of the scalp
Types of scalp hemorrhages
Subaponeurotic hemorrhage
Hemorrhage of loose connective tissues
Subperiosteal hemorrhage
Cavernous sinus thrombosis
Blockage of the angular or facial veins causes backflow of blood into the ophthalmic vein and cause thrombus in the cavernous sinus
Sublingual drug administration
Administration of drugs below the tongue due to the thin mucosal lining for easy diffusion
Eclamptic patients with edema (no veins are seen)
Angina pectoris (sorbitate)
Myocardial infarction
Emergence of facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
Pes anserinus
The plexiform divisions of the facial nerve within the parotid gland
Blood supply to outer ear
Superficial temporal
Posterior auricular
Branches of maxillary branch of external carotid
Nerve supply
G- greater auricular nerve
A- auriculotemporal nerve
V- branch of vagus (Arnold’s nerve)
Blood supply to tympanic membrane
Stylomastoid artery
Accessory muscle of mastication
Buccinator
Movements of temporomandibular joint
Elevation and depression
Grinding
Protrusion and retraction
Movement of muscles of mastication
Ligaments of temporomandibular joint
Temporomandibular ligament
Sphenomandibular
Stylomandibular
Stability of TMJ
Temporalis anteriorly
Lateral pterygoid and TML posteriorly
Nerve supply to the mandible
Inferior alveolar nerve
Nerve supply to the eye muscles
Lr6, So4, others 3
Nerve supply to the face
Motor: facial nerve
Sensory: trigerminal nerve (all 3 branches)
Lymphatic drainage of scalp
Anterior vessels: preauricular
Post vessels: mastoid & cervical
Lymphatic drainage of face
Submental
Sub mandibular
Preauricular
Lymphatic drainage of tongue
Tip: submental
Anterior: sub mandibular
Posterior: deep cervical & jugulodigastric
All drain into jugulo-omohyoid
Muscles of face
Dilators and constrictors of 3 openings
Muscles of tongue
Intrinsic: sup & inf longitudinal, transverse, vertical
Extrinsic: genioglossus, hyoglossus, palatoglossus, styloglossus
Muscles of eye
Intrinsic: ciliary muscle, 2 pupillary muscles
Extrinsic: sup & inf oblique, sup, inf, medial & lateral oblique
Parts of the lens
Elastic capsule
Layer of epithelial cells
Nucleus
Hypoglossal palsy
Injury to hypoglossal nerve
Tongue deviates to paralysed side bcuz muscles are pushing the tongue not pulling
Sebaceous cyst
Inflammation of sebaceous glands of the scalp
Types of scalp hemorrhages
Subaponeurotic hemorrhage
Hemorrhage of loose connective tissues
Subperiosteal hemorrhage
Cavernous sinus thrombosis
Blockage of the angular or facial veins causes backflow of blood into the ophthalmic vein and cause thrombus in the cavernous sinus
Sublingual drug administration
Administration of drugs below the tongue due to the thin mucosal lining for easy diffusion
Eclamptic patients with edema (no veins are seen)
Angina pectoris (sorbitate)
Myocardial infarction
Emergence of facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
Pes anserinus
The plexiform divisions of the facial nerve within the parotid gland
Blood supply to outer ear
Superficial temporal
Posterior auricular
Branches of maxillary branch of external carotid
Nerve supply
G- greater auricular nerve
A- auriculotemporal nerve
V- branch of vagus (Arnold’s nerve)
Blood supply to tympanic membrane
Stylomastoid artery
Accessory muscle of mastication
Buccinator
Movements of temporomandibular joint
Elevation and depression
Grinding
Protrusion and retraction
Movement of muscles of mastication
Ligaments of temporomandibular joint
Temporomandibular ligament
Sphenomandibular
Stylomandibular
Stability of TMJ
Temporalis anteriorly
Lateral pterygoid and TML posteriorly
