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Anatomy > Head & Neck > Flashcards

Head & Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Contents of foremen lacerum

A

Internal carotid artery
Greater petrodollars nerve

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2
Q

Contents of foremen spinosum

A

Middle meningeal artery

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3
Q

Contents of foremen ovale

A

MALE
Mandibular div of trigerminal nerve
Accessory meningeal artery
Lesser petrosal nerve
Emissary vein

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4
Q

Contents of foremen rotundum

A

Maxillary div of trigerminal nerve

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5
Q

Contents of optic canal

A

Optic nerve
Opthalmic artery

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6
Q

Contents of superior orbital fissure

A

TOTA
Trochlear nerve
Occulotor nerve
Trigerminal nerve
Abducence nerve
Opthalmic vein

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7
Q

Lamina cribrosa

A

A sieve-like point where the optic nerve pierces the outer layer of eye

Structures piercing the sclera
Posterior ciliary artery
Vena vorticocae (choroid vein)
Anterior ciliary artery
Extra ocular muscle

Canal of schlemn
Circular canals that are found at the corneoscleral junction

Scleral spur
A bulging
Provides attachment for ciliary muscle

Iridocorneal angle
An angle between the cornea and the iris

Suprachoroidal lamina
Found between the choroid and the sclera

Dentate line
A point where the retina ends anteriorly
Midway between the orbital equator and the corneoscleral junction

Fundus oculi
Comprises of optic disk and macula lutea

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8
Q

Structures piercing the sclera

A

Structures piercing the sclera
Posterior ciliary artery
Vena vorticocae (choroid vein)
Anterior ciliary artery
Extra ocular muscle

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9
Q

Scleral spur

A

A bulging
Provides attachment for ciliary muscle

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10
Q

Iridocorneal angle

A

An angle between the cornea and the iris

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11
Q

Suprachoroidal lamina

A

Found between the choroid and the sclera

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12
Q

Dentate line

A

A point where the retina ends anteriorly
Midway between the orbital equator and the corneoscleral junction

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13
Q

Fundus oculi

A

Comprises of optic disk and macula lutea

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14
Q

Conjunctival sac

A

Space between the eyelid and eyeball
Upper & lower conjunctival sacs

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15
Q

Blood supply to the scalp

A

External carotid: POS
Internal carotid: supraorbital, supratrochlea

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16
Q

Blood supply to the tongue

A

Lingual artery from external carotid

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17
Q

Blood supply to the mandible

A

Inferior alveolar artery from maxillary artery

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18
Q

Blood supply to the face

A

Facial artery from external carotid
Transverse facial from superficial temporal
Supratrochlear & supraorbital

19
Q

Nerve supply to the scalp

A

Zygomaticotemporal from maxillary
Auriculotemporal from mandibular

20
Q

Nerve supply to the tongue

A

Motor: mainly hypoglossal, partly GVS( glosso, vagus, cervical sympathetic)
Sensory: lingual nerve (trigerminal and chorda tympani part)

Nerve supply to the mandible
Inferior alveolar nerve

Nerve supply to the eye muscles
Lr6, So4, others 3

Nerve supply to the face
Motor: facial nerve
Sensory: trigerminal nerve (all 3 branches)

Lymphatic drainage of scalp
Anterior vessels: preauricular
Post vessels: mastoid & cervical

Lymphatic drainage of face
Submental
Sub mandibular
Preauricular

Lymphatic drainage of tongue
Tip: submental
Anterior: sub mandibular
Posterior: deep cervical & jugulodigastric
All drain into jugulo-omohyoid

Muscles of face
Dilators and constrictors of 3 openings

Muscles of tongue
Intrinsic: sup & inf longitudinal, transverse, vertical
Extrinsic: genioglossus, hyoglossus, palatoglossus, styloglossus

Muscles of eye
Intrinsic: ciliary muscle, 2 pupillary muscles
Extrinsic: sup & inf oblique, sup, inf, medial & lateral oblique

Parts of the lens
Elastic capsule
Layer of epithelial cells
Nucleus

Hypoglossal palsy
Injury to hypoglossal nerve
Tongue deviates to paralysed side bcuz muscles are pushing the tongue not pulling

Sebaceous cyst
Inflammation of sebaceous glands of the scalp

Types of scalp hemorrhages
Subaponeurotic hemorrhage
Hemorrhage of loose connective tissues
Subperiosteal hemorrhage

Cavernous sinus thrombosis
Blockage of the angular or facial veins causes backflow of blood into the ophthalmic vein and cause thrombus in the cavernous sinus

Sublingual drug administration
Administration of drugs below the tongue due to the thin mucosal lining for easy diffusion
Eclamptic patients with edema (no veins are seen)
Angina pectoris (sorbitate)
Myocardial infarction

Emergence of facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen

Pes anserinus
The plexiform divisions of the facial nerve within the parotid gland

Blood supply to outer ear
Superficial temporal
Posterior auricular
Branches of maxillary branch of external carotid

Nerve supply
G- greater auricular nerve
A- auriculotemporal nerve
V- branch of vagus (Arnold’s nerve)

Blood supply to tympanic membrane
Stylomastoid artery

Accessory muscle of mastication
Buccinator

Movements of temporomandibular joint
Elevation and depression
Grinding
Protrusion and retraction
Movement of muscles of mastication

Ligaments of temporomandibular joint
Temporomandibular ligament
Sphenomandibular
Stylomandibular

Stability of TMJ
Temporalis anteriorly
Lateral pterygoid and TML posteriorly

21
Q

Nerve supply to the mandible

A

Inferior alveolar nerve

22
Q

Nerve supply to the eye muscles

A

Lr6, So4, others 3

23
Q

Nerve supply to the face

A

Motor: facial nerve
Sensory: trigerminal nerve (all 3 branches)

24
Q

Lymphatic drainage of scalp

A

Anterior vessels: preauricular
Post vessels: mastoid & cervical

25
Q

Lymphatic drainage of face

A

Submental
Sub mandibular
Preauricular

26
Q

Lymphatic drainage of tongue

A

Tip: submental
Anterior: sub mandibular
Posterior: deep cervical & jugulodigastric
All drain into jugulo-omohyoid

27
Q

Muscles of face

A

Dilators and constrictors of 3 openings

28
Q

Muscles of tongue

A

Intrinsic: sup & inf longitudinal, transverse, vertical
Extrinsic: genioglossus, hyoglossus, palatoglossus, styloglossus

29
Q

Muscles of eye

A

Intrinsic: ciliary muscle, 2 pupillary muscles
Extrinsic: sup & inf oblique, sup, inf, medial & lateral oblique

30
Q

Parts of the lens

A

Elastic capsule
Layer of epithelial cells
Nucleus

31
Q

Hypoglossal palsy

A

Injury to hypoglossal nerve
Tongue deviates to paralysed side bcuz muscles are pushing the tongue not pulling

32
Q

Sebaceous cyst

A

Inflammation of sebaceous glands of the scalp

33
Q

Types of scalp hemorrhages

A

Subaponeurotic hemorrhage
Hemorrhage of loose connective tissues
Subperiosteal hemorrhage

34
Q

Cavernous sinus thrombosis

A

Blockage of the angular or facial veins causes backflow of blood into the ophthalmic vein and cause thrombus in the cavernous sinus

35
Q

Sublingual drug administration

A

Administration of drugs below the tongue due to the thin mucosal lining for easy diffusion
Eclamptic patients with edema (no veins are seen)
Angina pectoris (sorbitate)
Myocardial infarction

36
Q

Emergence of facial nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen

37
Q

Pes anserinus

A

The plexiform divisions of the facial nerve within the parotid gland

38
Q

Blood supply to outer ear

A

Superficial temporal
Posterior auricular
Branches of maxillary branch of external carotid

39
Q

Nerve supply

A

G- greater auricular nerve
A- auriculotemporal nerve
V- branch of vagus (Arnold’s nerve)

40
Q

Blood supply to tympanic membrane

A

Stylomastoid artery

41
Q

Accessory muscle of mastication

A

Buccinator

42
Q

Movements of temporomandibular joint

A

Elevation and depression
Grinding
Protrusion and retraction
Movement of muscles of mastication

43
Q

Ligaments of temporomandibular joint

A

Temporomandibular ligament
Sphenomandibular
Stylomandibular

44
Q

Stability of TMJ

A

Temporalis anteriorly
Lateral pterygoid and TML posteriorly

Anatomy (8 decks)

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