Head, face, neck & lymph

Question 1

Cranial bones

Answer 1

Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal

Question 2

Adult sutures

Answer 2

Immovable joints where cranial bones unite

Question 3

Birth sutures

Answer 3

Movable: for birth process and; brain growth.

Soft spot: fontanels

Question 4

Name all the sutures

Answer 4

Coronal, sagittal, lambdoid

Question 5

Coronal suture

Answer 5

Crowns the head from ear to ear at the union of the frontal & parietal bones.

Question 6

Sagittal suture

Answer 6

Separates the head lengthwise bw the two parietal bones.

Question 7

Lambdoid suture

Answer 7

Separates the parietal bones crosswise from the occipital bone.

Question 8

How many bones articulate at the sutures?

Answer 8

14 facial bones

Question 9

What supports the cranium?

Answer 9

Cervical vertebrae: C1 atlas; C2 axis & down to C7

Question 10

Skull

Answer 10

Rigid protects brain, supported by cervical vertebrae

Question 11

Facial muscle function & structure is?

Answer 11

Symmetric bilaterally

Question 12

Facial sensations of pain or touch are mediated by?

Answer 12

The 3 sensory branches of CN 5: trigeminal.

Question 13

Parotid glands

Answer 13

In the cheeks over the mandible, anterior to and below the ear.

Largest salivary glands but normally not palpable.

Question 14

Submandibular glands

Answer 14

Beneath the mandible at the angle of the jaw.

Question 15

Sublingual glands

Answer 15

Lie on the floor of the mouth.

Question 16

Temporal artery

Answer 16

Superior to the temporal is muscle.

Pulsation is palpable anterior to the ear.

Question 17

The neck is home of what blood vessels?

Answer 17

Common and internal carotid arteries and their associated veins.

Question 18

The major neck muscles are? And are innervated by?

Answer 18

Sternocladomastoid and trapezius

CN XI

Question 19

The thyroid gland is?

Answer 19

An important endocrine gland with rich blood supply.

Question 20

Thyroid gland location?

Answer 20

Straddles the trachea in the middle of the neck.

Question 21

Thyroid gland synthesizes and secretes?

Answer 21

Thyroxine (T4)

Triiodothyronine (T3)

Question 22

T3 and T4 hormone function?

Answer 22

Stimulate the rate of cellular metabolism.

Question 23

Lymphatic system function?

Answer 23

Lymph nodes filter lymph and engulf pathogens, preventing harmful substances from entering the circulation.

Question 24

Where are nodes palpable?

Answer 24

Typically not palpable. Cervical lymph nodes may be palpable in healthy adults but this finding decreases with age.

Only palpable in: Head and neck, arms, axillae, and inguinal region.

Question 25

Where is the greatest supply of lymph nodes?

Answer 25

Head and neck

Question 26

How many lymph nodes are in head and neck?

Answer 26

Rich supply: 60-70

Question 27

Preauricular lymph node

Answer 27

In front of ear

Question 28

Posterior auricular lymph node

Answer 28

Mastoid

Superficial to mastoid process

Question 29

Occipital lymph node

Answer 29

At base of skull

Question 30

Submental lymph node

Answer 30

Midline

Behind tip of mandible

Question 31

Submandibular lymph node

Answer 31

Halfway between angle and tip of mandible (chin)

Question 32

Jugulodigastric lymph node

Answer 32

Under angle of mandible

Question 33

Superficial cervical lymph node

Answer 33

Overlying sternocladomastoid muscle

Question 34

Deep cervical lymph node

Answer 34

Deep under sternocladomastoid muscle

Question 35

Posterior cervical lymph node

Answer 35

In posterior triangle along edge of trapezius muscle

Question 36

Supraclavicular lymph node

Answer 36

Just above and behind clavicle, at sternocladomastoid muscle

Question 37

Why does the thyroid gland enlarge slightly during pregnancy?

Answer 37

Hyperplasia of the tissue and increased vascularity

Question 38

Where are nodes located?

Answer 38

Throughout body.

Question 39

Drainage patterns of lymph nodes?

Answer 39

Explore proximal/upstream to the enlarged lymph nodes.

Bc all head & neck structures drain to the deep cervical chain.