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ANP > HEAD, FACE, NECK, AND TMJ > Flashcards

HEAD, FACE, NECK, AND TMJ Flashcards

1
Q

LAYERS OF THE SCALP

A

Skin
Connective Tissue
Aponeurosis
Loose Connective Tissue
Pericranium

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2
Q
  • Epidermis & dermis
  • has hair follicles & sebaceous glands
A

SKIN

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3
Q

conserves heat and gives aesthetic purposes

A

HAIR FOLLICLES

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4
Q
  • adipose tissue fat
  • houses terminal ends of cutaneous nerves and blood vessels
A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

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5
Q

attaches the frontalis muscle and occipital muscle

A

Galea Aponeurotica

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6
Q

Scalp Proper

A
  • Skin
  • Connective Tissue
  • Aponeurosis
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7
Q

keeps the skin and connective tissue close together

A

Aponeurosis

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8
Q

if there is a laceration in the galea aponeurotica, frontalis and occipitalis muscle will contract in ______ direction.

A

OPPOSITE

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9
Q

Where puss and blood infection can spread all across the scalp

A

Loose Connective Tissue (LCT)

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10
Q

Danger Area of the scalp

A
  • 4th layer or LCT
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11
Q

Infection that can be caused by infection route from the LCT through the emissary veins to the cranial cavity

A

Meningitis

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12
Q

Outside of the skull bones

A

Pericranium or Periosteum

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13
Q

Innervation of Posterior Scalp

A

Greater & Lesser Occipital nerve

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14
Q

Associate with cerebral plexus

A

Lesser Occipital Nerve

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15
Q

Greater Occipital Nerve

A

Dorsal Ramus

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16
Q

Lesser Occipital Nerve

A

Ventral Ramus

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17
Q

Innervation of Anterior Scalp

A
  • Supraorbital
  • Supratrochlear
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18
Q

Gives rise to many branch of nerve like supraorbital and supratrochlear nerve.

A

Opthalmic Nerve or CN V-1 of Trigeminal Nerve

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19
Q

Innervation of the Lateral Scalp

A
  • Zygomaticotemporal (CN-V2)
  • larger Auriculotemporal (CN V-3) of the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve
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20
Q

Vascular Supply of the scalp comes from

A
  • Internal & external carotid artery
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21
Q

3 Arterial Supply from - EXTERNAL CAROTID

A
  • Occipital Artery
  • Posterior Auricular Artery
  • Superficial temporal Artery
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22
Q

Artery that overline the occipital bone

A

Occipital Artery

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23
Q

Artery behind the ear

A

Posterior Auricular Artery

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24
Q

Superficial Artery that lines the temporal bone

A

Superficial Temporal Artery

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25
Q

Most common large vessel vasculitis, primarily affecting the cranial arteries and aorta.. superficial temporal artery

A

Giant Cell (temporal) Arteritis

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26
Q

Internal Carotid Artery gives rise to (2)

A

Supraorbital and Supratrochlear Artery

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27
Q

Connection between adjacent structures (arteries)

A

Anastomosis

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28
Q

Because of this, there is a rich blood supply to the scalp which make it easy for the scalp to give off heat

A

Anastomotic Connection

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29
Q

Scalp nerves comes from

A
  • C2 spinal nerve
  • trigeminal nerve CN V1, V2, V3
30
Q

Muscles that attach DEEP into the surface of the skin so when the muscle contracts, the skin moves.

A

Muscles of Facial Expression

31
Q

7 MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION

A
  • Frontalis
  • Orbicularis Oculi
  • Nasalis
  • Zygomaticus
  • Buccinator
  • Orbicularis Oris
  • Platysma
32
Q

Wrinkle forehead

A

Frontalis (right along the frontal bone)

33
Q
  • closes eye
  • winking
A

Orbicularis Oculi

34
Q
  • spinchter muscle
  • circular
  • part of the eyelid
A

Orbicularis Oculi

35
Q

Flare the nostrils

A

Nasalis (located along the nasal bone)

36
Q

Smiling Muscle

A

Zygomaticus Muscle (attach along the zygomatic bone)

37
Q
  • has a major and minor
  • inserts on the corner of the mouth
  • drives the corner of the mouth UP
A

Zygomaticus Muscle

38
Q

Tenses Cheek

A

Buccinator Muscle

39
Q
  • located around the internal surface of the mouth
  • trumpeter muscle
  • gives off a pouty look
A

Buccinator Muscle

40
Q

Closes mouth or pucker lips

A

Orbicularis Oris

41
Q
  • circular muscle that surrounds the mouth
A

Orbicularis Oris

42
Q

used for kissing, whistling , and chewing

A

Orbicularis Oris

43
Q

Tenses the skin of the neck

A

Platysma

44
Q

Hole

A

Foramen

45
Q
  • entry and exit gateways through bones of skull
  • allows various structures to pass through them
A

Foramen

46
Q

Different shape of hole, looks like a crack or cleft

A

Fissures

47
Q

Typically occur between seperate anatomical structures

A

Fissures

48
Q

Long and narrow

A

Fissures

49
Q

Smaller and round

A

Foramen

50
Q

Anterior Cranial Fossa Bones (3)

A
  • Frontal
  • Ethmoid
  • Sphenoid
51
Q

Middle Cranial Fossa Bones (3)

A
  • Sphenoid
  • Temporal
  • Parietal
52
Q

Posterior Cranial Fossa Bones (4)

A
  • Occipital
  • Temporal
    smaller extent of
  • Sphenoid
  • Paritetal
53
Q

Two foramina of anterior cranial fossa

A
  • foramen caecum
  • olfactory foramina
54
Q
  • most anterior
  • lies in the frontal bone
  • just anterior to the ethmoid bone
  • allows passageway of emissary veins
A

Foramen Caecum

55
Q
  • make up an important pathway of the olfactory nerve (CN 1)
  • nerve endings on top of our nose responsible for our sense of smell pass through these holes in the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone
A

Olfactory Foramina

56
Q

FORAMEN & FISSURES OF THE MIDDLE CRANIAL FOSSA (7)

A
  • Optic Canal
  • Superior Orbital Fissure
  • F. Rotundum
  • F. Ovale
  • F. Spinosum
  • F. Lacerum
  • Carotid Canal
57
Q

Two important structures that optic canal allows to pass to and from the eye

A
  • Opthalmic artery
  • Optic Nerve
58
Q

Supplies blood to the retina of the eye

A

Opthalmic Artery

59
Q

Sends visual information from the eye to the brain to be interpreted

A

Optic nerve with its Dural sheath

60
Q
  • looks like a CRACK in the middle cranial fossa
  • lies between the lesser and greater wing of the sphenoid bone
A

Superior orbital fissure

61
Q

Superior Orbital Fissure allows the following (6)

A
  • Oculomotor (CN III) 4/6
  • Trochlear nerve (CN IV) 1
  • Abducens (CN VI) 1
  • Trigeminal Nerve (CN V)
  • Ophthalmic Nerve (CN V-1)
  • Opthalmic veins
62
Q
  • allows the MAXILLARY nerve (CN V2) to enter the skull
  • posterior to the optic canal and SOF
A

Foramen Rotumdum

63
Q
  • oval shaped hole
  • posterior and lateral to the foramen rotundum
A

Foramen Ovale

64
Q

Foramen Ovale allows passage of the following (MALE)

A
  • Mandibular Nerve (CN V3)
  • Lesser petrosal nerve (branch of glossopharyngeal)
  • Accesory Meningeal branch of maxillary artery
  • Emissary Veins
65
Q

Smallest and most lateral found in the MCF

A

Foramen Spinosum

66
Q

Foramen Spinosum allows what artery to enter the skull

A

Middle Meningeal Artery

67
Q
  • branch of external carotid artery
  • supplies blood to the dura mater
A

Midde Meningeal Artery

68
Q
  • mostly filled with cartilage
  • allow passage of greater petrosal nerve (branch of facial nerve)
  • innervation to glands above the mouth
  • ex: lacrimal gland near the eye for tear production
A

Foramen Lacerum

69
Q

Allows Internal Carotid Artery to enter the skull

A

Carotid Canal

70
Q

one of the major blood supplier of the brain

A

Internal Carotid Artery

71
Q
A

ANP (5 decks)

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