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Anatomy > Head Face and Neck Slide questions > Flashcards

Head Face and Neck Slide questions Flashcards

1
Q

What is another name for the ear?

A

auricular

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2
Q

What is the eye called?

A

Orbital

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3
Q

What is nose called?

A

Nasal

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4
Q

What is the cheek called?

A

Bucccal

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5
Q

What is another name for the chin?

A

Mental

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6
Q

What is the posterior neck called?

A

Nuchal

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7
Q

What is the Cranial region made up of?

A

Frontal, Temporal and occipital

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8
Q

What is another name for the eyebrow?

A

Superciliary arch

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9
Q

What is another name for the eyelid?

A

Palpebra(superior and inferior)

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10
Q

What is the area between the nose and upper lip called?

A

Philtrum

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11
Q

What is the outside of the nostril called?

A

Ala Nasi

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12
Q

How many seperate bones make up the skull?

A

28

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13
Q

What are the names of the groups of bones that make up the skull?

A

Auditory ossicles, Cranium(cranial vault and facial bones), Sutures

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14
Q

How many bones make up the auditory ossicles?

A

6

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15
Q

How many bones make up the cranial vault?

A

8

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16
Q

How many bones make up the facial bones?

A

14

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17
Q

How many sutures are there?

A

4

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18
Q

What are the names of the 4 sutures?

A

Sagittal, coronal, lambdoidal and squamous

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19
Q

What are three parts to the hyoid bone?

A

Greater cornu, lesser cornu and body

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20
Q

How does the hyoid bone assist in speech and swallowing?

A

It provides point of attachment for muscles that elevate and tongue muscles

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21
Q

How many cranial nerves are there?

A

12

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22
Q

What are the cranial nerves?

A

Olfactory, Optic, oculomotor, Trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear, glossopharangeal, Vagus, Accessory and Hypoglossal

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23
Q

What is the function of Olfactory?

A

Smell

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24
Q

What is the function of Optic?

A

Vision

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25
Q

What is the function of oculomotor?

A

moves eye up, down, medially, raises upper eyelid, constricts pupil, adjusts the shape of the lens of the eye

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26
Q

What is the function of the Trochlear nerve?

A

Moves eye medially and down

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27
Q

What is the function of trigeminal?

A

chewing and sensations from TMJ and facial sensation

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28
Q

What is the function of Abducens?

A

Abducts eye

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29
Q

What is the function of the Facial nerve?

A

muscles of facial expression, closes eye, tears, salivation and taste

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30
Q

What is the function of the vestibulocochlear nerve?

A

sensation of head position relative to gravity and head movement: hearing

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31
Q

What is the function of the glossopharangeal nerve

A

swallowing, salivation and taste

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32
Q

What is the function of the vagus nerve

A

regulates viscera, swallowing, speech and taste

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33
Q

What is the function of the Accessory nerve

A

Elevate shoulders and turns head

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34
Q

What is the function of the Hypoglossal nerve

A

moves tongue

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35
Q

What are the muscles of facial expression?

A

Frontalis, Obicularis oculi, Nasalis, Obicularis oris, Levator Labii superioris, Platysma, Mentalis, Buccinator, Zygomatic major, Zygomatic minor, Risorius and Depressor anguli oris

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36
Q

What nerve innervates the facial expression muscles?

A

Cranial Nerve VII(AKA Facial nerve)

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37
Q

What is the name of the disorder that affects cranial nerve VII?

A

Bell’s Palsy

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38
Q

What are the muscles of Mastication

A

Masseter, Temporalis, Medial and Lateral Pterygoids

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39
Q

What nerve innervates the muscles of mastication?

A

Cranial Nerve V(AKA trigeminal)

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40
Q

What Branch of the Trigeminal nerve innervates the muscles of mastication?

A

V3- also known as Mandibular branch)

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41
Q

What are the names of the branches of the Trigeminal nerve?

A

V1=Opthalamic
V2=Maxillary
V3=Mandibular

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42
Q

What gland does the Facial nerve pierce through but DOES NOT innervate?

A

Parotid Gland

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43
Q

What is the largest salivary gland?

A

Parotid Gland

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44
Q

What muscle will the Parotid duct pierce thru?

A

Buccinator

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45
Q

What are the sympathetic fibers of the Parotid gland innervated by?

A

cervical ganglia

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46
Q

What are the parasympathetic fibers innervated by?

A

Glossoparangeal and Greater auricular(C2,C3)

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47
Q

What artery supplies the face( facial and temporals branch from this)

A

External carotid artery

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48
Q

What is the name of the artery that throbs when people get angry?

A

Superficial Temproal artery

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49
Q

What does the carotid body do?

A

senses changes in blood pH, influences respiration

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50
Q

What does the carotid sinus do?

A

fills with blood and mechanoreceptor detects blood pressure

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51
Q

What is the Tarsal Plate?

A

where the eyelashes begin to emerge

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52
Q

What does the punctum do?

A

pulls tears into the lacrimal canals

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53
Q

Where do the canals go?

A

empty into lacrimal sac

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54
Q

Where is the lacrimal gland located?

A

Superior lateral border of orbit

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55
Q

where does the lacrimal duct open into?

A

nasolacrimal duct

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56
Q

why does a person’s nose run when they cry

A

tears are draining into nasolacrimal duct and thinning out mucus

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57
Q

What two structures of the eye make up the fibrous tunic

A

outer sclera and cornea

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58
Q

What three eye structures make up the vascular tunic

A

choroid, iris and ciliary body

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59
Q

what makes up the nervous tunic

A

retina

60
Q

Describe the posterior chamber of the eye

A

has aqueous humor, also has vitreous body which consist of vitreous humor(majority of cavity is this),

61
Q

Describe the Anterior Chamber of the eye

A

between the cornea and iris and has aqueous humor

62
Q

What happens when people have blood shot eyes

A

the choroid layer has become inflammed

63
Q

Where does humor come from

A

blood

64
Q

What is responsible for filtering blood to make humor

A

Ciliary body

65
Q

Where is the place of highest focus

A

Fovae Centralis

66
Q

What is the most highly nervous area of the eye

A

Retina

67
Q

What are the features of the sclera

A

white outer layer, maintains shape of eye, provides attachments for muscles that move eye

68
Q

What are features of the cornea

A

avascular, transparent and permits light to enter eye

69
Q

What is the colored portion of the eye

A

iris

70
Q

What are features of the ciliary body

A

secreates aqueous humor and ciliary muscles

71
Q

What are the features of the retina

A

responds to light, rods and cones are here, macula lutea, fovea centralis, optic disc, blind spot

72
Q

How many eye muscles are there and what are their names

A

6, superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, lateral rectus, superior oblique and inferior oblique

73
Q

What is wet MD(macular degeneration)

A

blood covering macula lutea and fovea centralis

74
Q

What nerve innervates Superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus and inferior oblique

A

Cranial nerve III

75
Q

What nerve innervates Lateral rectus

A

cranial nerve VI

76
Q

What nerve innervates Superior oblique

A

Cranial nerve IV

77
Q

What are the actions of Superior Rectus

A

elevate, adduct and medially rotate

78
Q

What are the actions of the Inferior Rectus

A

depresses adducts and medially rotates

79
Q

What are the actions of the Medial rectus

A

adducts

80
Q

What are actions of inferior oblique

A

elevates medially rotated eye, abducts and rotates laterally

81
Q

What are the actions of superior oblique

A

depresses medially rotated eye, abducts and rotates medially

82
Q

What are the actions of lateral rectus

A

abducts

83
Q

What are the boundaries of the temporal fossa

A

roof: Temporalis fascia
Anterior: zygomatic process
Floor: pterion(of skull, connection between frontal, parietal, sphenoid and temporal)
Posterior: Supramastoid crest

84
Q

What are the contents of the temporal fossa

A

temporalis muscle, deep temporal artery, deep temporal nerve, sperficial temporal artery and auriculotemporal nerve

85
Q

What are the boundaries of the infratemporal fossa

A

Superior: zygomatic process
Lateral: Ramus of mandible
Medial: Pterygoid plate
Posterior: sphenoid bone

86
Q

What are the nerves located in the infratemporal fossa

A

Mandibular, inferior alveolar, lingual, buccal, chorda tympani nerves and otic ganglion

87
Q

What are the contents of the infratemporal fossa

A

inferior portion of the temporalis muscle, lateral and medial pterygoid muscles, maxillary artery and nerves

88
Q

What does the Maxillary artery feed

A

intermediate features of skull, muscles of facial expression and skin in some parts

89
Q

What muscles act on the tempromandibular joint

A

temporal, masseter, lateral pterygoid, medial pterygoid, suprhyoid and infrahyoid muscles

90
Q

What nerve innervates the lower lip

A

mandibular

91
Q

what nerve innervates the upper lip

A

infraorbital

92
Q

How many deciduous teeth are there

A

20

93
Q

how many permanent teeth

A

32

94
Q

how many premolars, molars, canaine and inscisors are there?

A

molars:6
Premolars:4
canaine:2
Inscisors:4

95
Q

What is the blood supply to the upper and lower lips

A

maxillary artery

96
Q

What are the four tongue muscles?

A

Genioglossus, hypoglossus, styloglossus and palatoglossus

97
Q

What is the innervation and action of Genioglossus

A

depress and protrude, CNXII

98
Q

What is the innervation and action of the hypoglossus

A

depress and retract, CNXII

99
Q

What is the innervation and action of styloglossus

A

retracts, CNXII

100
Q

What is the innervation and acton of the palatoglossus

A

Elevates posterior portion, CN X

101
Q

What are Papillae

A

taste buds

102
Q

What are the four different papillae

A

vallate,foliate,filiform and fungiform

103
Q

which papillae has no taste but sense where the tongue is in space

A

filiform

104
Q

which papillae has lots of taste(sweet, sour, savory ect)

A

fungiform

105
Q

where is the sublingual region located

A

under tongue

106
Q

How many frenulum’s are there in the mouth

A

3, tongue,upper and lower

107
Q

How many openings are there for salivary ducts

A

2, sublingual and submandibular

108
Q

What is the deep lingual VAN important for

A

delivery of medication

109
Q

What are the functions of the nose and nasal cavity

A

Olfaction, respiration, humidification of air, filtration of dust and reception of secretions

110
Q

What are the external structures of the nose and nasal cavity

A

septal cartilage, vomer, perpendicular plate of ethmoid and anterior nares

111
Q

Where does nasal muscosa air enter through

A

chonae(AKA posterior nares)

112
Q

How many nasal chonae are there and what are their names

A

3, superior middle and inferior

113
Q

Nasal cavity is divided into how many passages

A

4

114
Q

What are the four nasal passages

A

superior meatus, middle meatus, inferior meatus and hiatus semilunaris

115
Q

Where does the superior meatus lead

A

ethmoid sinus

116
Q

Where does the middle meatus lead

A

frontal sinus

117
Q

Where does the inferior meatus lead

A

nasolacrimal duct

118
Q

What are the four areas of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

submental, submandibular, carotid and muscular

119
Q

Where does the hiatus semlunaris lead

A

ethmoid sinus

120
Q

where are the nasal passages located in relation to the nasal chonae

A

inbetween

121
Q

What are the 2 areas of the posterior triangle of the neck

A

occipital and supraclavicular

122
Q

What structure is more commonly called the adam’s apple

A

thyroid cartilage

123
Q

What are the sensory nerves of the cervical plexus

A

lesser occipital nerve, greater auricular, transverse cervical and supraclavicular

124
Q

What muscles does the ansa cervicalis innervate

A

infrahyoid muscles

125
Q

What are the motor nerves of the cervical plexus

A

roots of phrenic nerve, ansa cervicalis, dorsal scapular and long thoracic nerve

126
Q

Where can you find the phrenic nerve

A

running anterior to the anterior scalene muscle

127
Q

What is the stylohyoid innervated by

A

cranial nerve VII

128
Q

What is the action and innervation of the mylohyoid muscle

A

elevate hyoid and cranial nerve V(V3)

129
Q

What is the anterior digastric muscle innervated by

A

Cranial nerve V-V3

130
Q

What is the posterior digastric innervated by

A

Cranial nerve VII

131
Q

What is the action of the digastric muscle

A

opens jaw when temporalis muscle is relaxed

132
Q

In general what is the action of the suprahyoid muscles

A

elevate

133
Q

In general what is the action of the infrahyoid muscles

A

depress

134
Q

What is a common anomaly with the anterior scalene and brachial plexus

A

the brachial plexus will pass through the anterior scalene instead of behind it

135
Q

What can you find in the carotid sheath

A

common carotid artery, internal jugular vein

136
Q

Which nerve passes posteriorly to the artery and vein in the coratid sheath

A

vagus nerve

137
Q

Where does the hypoglossal nerve run

A

under digastric and mylohyoid

138
Q

What does the external jugular vein connect with

A

subclavian vein

139
Q

What are the branches of the aorta

A

Brachiocephalic, left subclavian and left common carotid artery

140
Q

What side is the brachiocephalic artery on

A

Right

141
Q

What does the brachiocephalic branch into

A

right subclavian and right common carotid artery

142
Q

What are the branches of the subclavian artery

A

thyrocervical trunk, vertebral,costocervical runk, internal thoracic and dorsal scapular

143
Q

Which branch feeds the thyroid cartilage and cervical region

A

thyrocervical trunk

144
Q

What two arteries feed the brain

A

vertebral and common carotid

145
Q

What are the two branches of the common carotid artery

A

internal and external

146
Q

What are the branches of the external artery

A

Facial,occipital, maxillary and lingual

Anatomy (24 decks)

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