Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Adult/Ped Medicine 3 > Head and Neck Overview - Scholting > Flashcards

Head and Neck Overview - Scholting Flashcards

1
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Identify this condition:

pt has a midline mass just below her chin

exam: mass does not move when pt swallows or sticks out her tongue

A

Dermoid Cyst

located in the submental area

endoderm and mesoderm remnants

does NOT move with swallowing or tongue protrusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Identify and describe the management of this condition:

pt: has enlarged parotid and submandibular glands that are tender to palpation, ducts have a purulent discharge

A

Sialoadenitis

tx: antibiotics, hydration, massage of gland, warm compress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Benign Neoplastic Salivary Gland Enlargement - Differential Diagnosis

A
  • Pleomorphic adenoma
  • Warthin’s tumor
  • Oncocytoma
  • Hemangioma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Benign Neck Masses: Schwannoma

A

solid, slow growing, neurogenic tumor, painless

most common in 25-50 year olds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Identify this condition and describe the managment:

pt: reports pain on the left side of her mouth/cheek right before sitting down to eat dinner
exam: observed swelling of salivary gland, palpation of a stone in Wharton’s duct

A

Sialolithiasis

tx: removal of stone by massage or milking the gland
refer: ENT if stone does not pass within 5-7 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Benign Neck Masses: Sebacous Cyst

A

cyst sac, slow growing, painless, moveable

possibly infammed and tender

tx: incision and drainage, excision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Benign Neoplasia Neck Mass Differential Diagnosis

A
  • Lipomas
  • Fibromas
  • Sebaceous Cyst
  • Epidermoid Inclusion Cysts
  • Paragangliomas
  • Schwannomas
  • Neurofibromas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Identify this condition and describe the management:

pt has a 3 cm (midline) mass on his anterior neck, the mass moves when the patient swallows or sticks out his tongue

A

Thyroglossal Duct Cyst

remnant of descending tract of thyroid

may intermittenly become infected

Management: surgical excision of cyst, tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Malignant Neoplasia Differential Diagnosis

A
  • Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma
  • Lymphoma
  • Rhabdmyosarcoma
  • Neurofibrosarcomas
  • Thyroid Carcinoma
  • Salivary Carcinoma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Malignant Neck Masses - Lymphoma

A

occurs in pediatrics and adults

enlarged lymph nodes, non-tender

addtional sxs: weight loss, night sweats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Identify this condition and describe the management:

pt complains of mass on her neck

reports s/s of cough, fever, nasal drainage, tonsillar enlargment with exudates

exam shows: enlarged, tender/painful submandibular and anterior cervical lymph nodes

A

Inflammatory Neck Mass: **Reactive lymphadenitis **

secondary to viral or bacterial illness

  • most common bacterial casue: strep and staph infection
  • most common viral: Mononucleosis (EBV)
  • less common causes: Mycobacterium, Tuberculosis, Cat Scratch Disease, Toxoplasmosis, HIV

diagnosis can utilize labs - rapid strep test, CBC, PPD, HIV test, Bartonella, EBV titer, etc.

tx: 10-14 days of antibiotic unless viral (self-limited) - follow up in 2-3 weeks
managment: further work-up if doesn’t resolve in 2-3 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Benign Neck Masses: Lipoma

A

soft mass, ill-defined borders, painless

tx: excision if needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Malignant Neck Mass: Rhabdomyosarcoma

A

pediatrics - peak incidence age 5

painless, enlarging mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Congenital Lateral Neck Masses - Differential Diagnosis

A
  • Branchial cleft cysts
  • Lymphangiomas (cystic hygromas)
  • Hemangiomas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Identify this condition and describe the management:

pt has a cyst on the anterior border of the his left SCM, it has increased in size over the past year

pt had a cold last week and now the mass is infected

exam: palpation reveals the mass is soft, and does not elicit pain

A

Branchial Cleft Cyst

can be a cyst, sinus or fistula anywhere on the SCM

2nd cleft most common, 1st cleft less common

  • First Branchial Cleft - associated with EAC, Parotid Gland
  • Second Branchial Cleft - associated with Superior pole of tonsil, located on the anterior border of the SCM, between the internal and external carotid arteries, opens into tonsilar fossa
  • Third Branchial Cleft - associated with Pyriform Sinus, located on the anterior border of the SCM, posterior to common carotic, opens into Pyiriform sinus

management: surgical excision of cyst and sinus tract

17
Q

Malignant Neoplastic Salivary Gland Enlargment

A
  • Muccoepidermoid carcinoma
  • Adenoid cystic carcinoma
  • Adenocarcinoma
  • Squamous cell carcinoma
  • Lymphoma
  • Metastasis
18
Q

Inflammatory Salivary Gland Differential Diagnosis

A
  • Acute or chronic sialoadenitis
  • Mumps
  • Sialolithiasis
  • HIV
  • Tuberculosis
  • Cat Scratch Disease
  • Cytomegalovirus
  • First branchial arch cysts/sinus
19
Q

Benign Thyroid Neoplasm Differential Diagnosis

A

Follicular Adenoma

20
Q

Malignant Neck Masses: Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A

most common cause of malignant neck mass in adults

primary tumor most likely in aerodigestive tract

21
Q

Benign Neck Masses: Fibroma

A

fibrous or connective tissue, painless

tx: excision if needed

22
Q

Thyroiditis - Thyroid Masses Differential Diagnosis

A
  • Acute thyoiditis
  • Subacute thyroiditis (granulomatous, lymphocytic)
  • Chronic lymphocyte thyroitis (Hashimoto’s)
  • Fibrous thyroiditis (Riedel’s)
23
Q

Metabolic Salivary Gland Enlargment Differential Diagnosis

A
  • Sjogren’s Syndrome
  • Medications
  • Sarcoidosis
24
Q

Identify this condition:

pt presents with a cystic lesion on the floor of his mouth, it plunges through muscle planes into the upper neck

A

Ranula

occurs from mucus extravasation from blocked salivary duct

25
Q

Degenerative Thyroid Masses - Differential Diagnosis

A
  • nontoxic multinodular goiter
  • Graves’ disease
26
Q

Congenital Midline Neck Masses - Differential Diagnosis

A
  • thyroglossal duct cyst
  • dermoid cysts
  • Ranulas (plunging)
27
Q

Inflammatory Neck Mass - Differential Diagnosis

A
  • Cervical adenitis (viral or bacterial)
  • Infectious mononucleosis
  • Atypical mycobacteria
  • Cat scratch disease
  • Tuberculosis
  • Histoplasmosis
  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Accquired immunodeficiency syndrome
  • Granulomatous (sarcoidosis)
28
Q

Malignant Thyroid Neoplasms

A
  • Papillary Carcinoma
  • Follicular Carcinoma
  • Medullary Carcinoma
  • Anaplastic Carcinoma
  • Lymphoma
29
Q
A

Adult/Ped Medicine 3 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions