ENT Overview - Hoffman Flashcards
Identify this condition and describe the management:
cc: some hearing loss
hx: of chronic ear disease and draining that has been unresponsive to treatment
otoscopic examination shows a middle ear cyst with some retraction
Cholesteatoma
- epithelial cyst behind the TM in the middle ear
- associated with TM retraction or perforation
- can be destructive and erosive - produces osteolytic enzymes (will errode ossicles, may invade other structures)
DX: CT to make definitive diagnosis
TX: ENT referral
A look through the otoscope shows . . . what type of pathology is present?
Otits Media
A look through the otoscope shows . . . what type of pathology is present?
Perforated TM
A look through the otoscope shows . . . what type of pathology is present?
TM Scarring
A look through the otoscope shows . . . what type of pathology is present?
Tympanostomy Tube
Describe the sinus development of children.
- BORN with ethmoid and maxillary sinuses that continue to develop
- frontal sinuses APPEAR around age 4
- not fully developed until adolescence
define - referred otalgia
otalgia secondary to a problem unrelated to the ear
remember the ear has innervations from: CN V, VII, IX, X and cervical sensory nerves
Identify this condition and describe the management:
pt: is a high school wrestler who hates to wear his headgear
Auricular Hematoma (Cauliflower Ear)
- secondary to trauma to the auricle which causes the hematoma
- can lead to necrosis and resoprtion, possible infection
TX: needle aspiration (high recurrence), definitive treatment: I & D
A look through the otoscope shows . . . what type of pathology is present?
Normal
What is this instrument used for?
Pneumatic Otoscope
- utilized to check the movement of the TM
- TM should move equally back and forth if normal pressure is present
A look through the otoscope shows . . . what type of pathology is present?
Otitis Media
*note from Erin in lecture - this could also be from a child crying
