head and neck Flashcards
what are fontanelles?
feature of infant skull compromising of soft membranous gaps between cranial bones
name the sutures of the skull
- sagittal
- coronal
- lambdoid
what is the cranial composed of?
- ethmoid
- frontal
- occipital
- sphenoid
- temporal
what is the cranial vault (top of skull composed of)?
- frontal
- occipital
- parietal
- temporal
name the bones which contribute to the orbit?
- ethmoid
- lacrimal bone
- maxilla
- zygomatic
- sphenoid
- frontal
other than bones, what other structures lie in the orbit?
optic foramen, superior orbital fissure, inferior orbital fissure
which cranial nerves supply the orbit?
- CN 3 (oculomotor)
- CN 4 (trochlear)
- CN 5 (trigeminal)
- CN 6 (abducens)
which nerve supplies the teeth?
infraorbital
which vessel supplies majority of blood to head an neck?
common carotid (only supplier to brain)
the common carotid artery spits into 2 branches, what are these?
internal and external common carotid artery
which common carotid after, internal or external, has no branches in the neck?
internal
what does the internal carotid artery supply?
- anterior part of brain
- eye
- forehead
- nose
where does external carotid artery supply?
head and neck
which artery supplies the pharynx?
ascending pharyngeal
which artery supplies the floor of the mouth?
lingual
which artery supplies the thyroid?
superior thyroid
which artery supplies the back of the scalp?
occipital
which artery supplies the ear?
posterior auricular
which artery supplies the temporals muscle and scalp?
superficial temporal
which artery supplies the maxilla?
maxillary
which vein drains the cerebrum, inside the skull and most external structures?
internal jugular vein
which area of the head and neck does the external jugular vein drain?
some external structures
what is the fluid found in the brain and spinal chord called?
cerebrospinal fluid
which cells produce cerebrospinal fluid?
ependymal cells
does the opthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve have sensory or motor functions?
sensory
does the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve have sensory or motor functions?
sensory
does the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve have sensory or motor functions?
motor and sensory
the TMJ is what type of joint?
synovial
what is a synovial joint?
connection of 2 bones consisting of cartilage lined cavity filled with synovial fluid
which muscle opens the mouth?
lateral pterygoid
the rams is a bone in the TMJ, it has 2 processes, what are they called?
- coronoid process
- condylar process
what is the function of synovial fluid?
help movement
what is the name of the disc that splits the TMJ into 2 synovial joint cavities?
articular disk
the TMJ has greatest stability when?
mandible is elevated and teeth occlude
the condole of the TMJ sits in which structure?
articular fossa
the articular surface of the TMJ is covered by which type of cartilage?
fibrocartilage
the TMJ contains 3 extra capsular ligaments, what are these?
- lateral ligament
- sphenomandibular ligament
- stylomandibular ligament
which nerves supply the TMJ?
auricultemporal and masseteric nerves which arise from the trigeminal
which vessels provide blood supply to the TMJ?
common carotid artery
which nerve supplies the muscles of mastication?
mandibular branch of trigeminal
the masseter muscle has 2 parts, what are these?
deep and superficial
what is the function of the temporals muscle?
elevate and retract mandible
what is the function of the medial pterygoid?
elevate and protrude mandible
what is the function of the lateral pterygoid?
depress and protrude mandible
one pterygoid muscle runs horizontal and the other vertical, which muscle runs which way?
lateral - horizontal
medial - vertical
