Head and Neck 3

Question 1

Fascial compartment comprising the visceral organs of the neck

Answer 1

Pretracheal fascia

Question 2

Hormones produced by the thyroid gland

Answer 2

T4, T3, and calcitonin

Question 3

The isthmus lies at the level of the ___

Answer 3

2nd, 3rd, 4th tracheal rings

Question 4

Fibromuscular slip that connects the pyramidal lobe to the hyoid bone

Answer 4

Levator glandulae thyroidea

Question 5

Posteriorly, the thyroid gland is related to __ and __

Answer 5

Common carotid artery

Inferior thyroid artery

Question 6

Embryological origin of the thyroid gland

Answer 6

Foramen Cecum

Question 7

Arterial supply of the thyroid gland

Answer 7

Superior thyroid artery
Inferior thyroid artery
Thyroidea Ima artery

Question 8

Origin of the superior thyroid artery

Answer 8

External carotid artery

Question 9

Accompanies the superior thyroid artery

Answer 9

External laryngeal nerve

Question 10

Origin of the inferior thyroid artery

Answer 10

Thyrocervical trunk

Question 11

Accompanies the inferior thyroid artery

Answer 11

Recurrent larungeal nerve

Question 12

Origin of the thyroidea ima artery

Answer 12

Aorta or brachiocephalic artery

Question 13

Venous drainage of the thyroid gland

Answer 13

Superior thyroid vein–> IJV
Middle thyroid vein–> IJV
Inferior thyroid vein–> brachiocephalic vein

Question 14

Lymphatic drainage of the thyroid gland

Answer 14

Pretracheal lymph nodes
Paratracheal lymph nodes
Prelaryngeal lymph nodes
Deep cervical nodes

Question 15

Blood supply of the parathyroid gland

Answer 15

Superior and inferior thyroid vessels

Question 16

Hormone secreted by parathyroid gland

Answer 16

Parathyroid hormone

Question 17

Embryological origin of parathyroid gland

Answer 17

Endoderm of 3rd and 4th pharyngeal pouches (5th week)

Question 18

The trachea divides at the region of the carinainto right and left primary bronchi at the level of ____

Answer 18

4th and 5th thoracic vertebra

Question 19

Blood supply of cervical trachea

Answer 19

inferior thyroid vessels

Question 20

Lymphatic drainage of the cervical trachea

Answer 20

pretracheal and paratracheal lymph nodes

Question 21

Borders of the pharynx

Answer 21

Base of the skull to cricoid cartilage (C6) where it becomes continuous with the esophagus

Question 22

Widest portion of the pharynx

Answer 22

Opposite the hyoid bone

Question 23

Narrowest portion of the pharynx

Answer 23

At the esophageal orifice

Question 24

Contained in the posterior wall of the nasopharynx

Answer 24

Pharyngeal tonsils

Question 25

Contained in the lateral wall of the nasopharyn

Answer 25

Opening of eustachian tube

Question 26

Part of pharynx common to respiratory and alimentary tracts

Answer 26

Oropharynx

Question 27

Longest division of the pharynx

Answer 27

Laryngopharynx (Hypopharynx)

Question 28

Makes up the outer circular layer of the muscular coat of the pharynx

Answer 28

Superior constrictor Middle constrictor inferior constrictor

Question 29

Constitutes the inner longitudinal layer of the muscle coat of the pharynx

Answer 29

stylopharyngeys and palatopharyngeus muscles

Question 30

The lowest fibers of the inferior constrictor muscle which acts as a sphincter on lower end of pharynx which prevents entry of air into esophagus between acts of swallowing

Answer 30

Cricopharyngeus muscle

Question 31

Nerve supply of the muscle coat of pharynx

Answer 31

Pharyngeal plexus except stylopharyngeus

Question 32

Nerve supply of stylopharyngeus

Answer 32

CN IX

Question 33

Blood supply and venous drainage of upper third of esophagus

Answer 33

Inferior thyroid artery and vein

Question 34

Blood supply and venous drainage of middle third of esophagus

Answer 34

Descending thoracic aorta and azygos vein

Question 35

Blood supply and venous drainage of lower third of esophagus

Answer 35

Left gastric artery and portal vein

Question 36

Functions of the larynx

Answer 36

Guards opening of air passage | Voice production

Question 37

Membrane pierced by the superior laryngeal vessels and internal laryngeal nerves

Answer 37

Thyrohyoid membrane

Question 38

Ligament connecting the lower margin of cricoid cartilage to 1st tracheal ring

Answer 38

Cricotracheal ligament

Question 39

Parts of the cavity of larynx

Answer 39

Vestibule Middle part of larynx lower part of larynx

Question 40

Gap between vestibular folds

Answer 40

Rima vestibuli

Question 41

Gap between vocal folds and vocal processes of arytenoids

Answer 41

Rima glottidis

Question 42

Intrinsic muscles of the larynx: sphincters

Answer 42

Oblique arytenoid | Aryepiglottic

Question 43

Nerve supply of oblique arytenoid and aryepiglottic muscles

Answer 43

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 44

Intrinsic muscles of larynx that control movement of vocal folds (mention the action of the muscles)

Answer 44

``` Cricothyroid (tensor of vocal cords) Thyroarytenoid - relaxor of vocal folds Lateral cricoarytenoid - adductor Transverse arytenoid - adductor Posterior cricoarytenoid - abductor ```

Question 45

nerve supply of all intrinsic muscles of larynx except cricothyroid

Answer 45

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 46

Nerve supply of cricothyroid

Answer 46

External laryngeal nerve