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Muscles > Head and Neck > Flashcards

Head and Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Frontalis

A

Action: Elevation of eyebrows, creases skin of forehead, moves scalp forward
Origin: skin of eyebrow and forehead
Insertion: Epicranial aponeurosis
Innervation: Facial nerve (CN VII)

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2
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A

Action: closes eyelids
Origin: Frontal bone, Maxilla
Insertion: fibers blend at lateral side of orbit
Innervation: Facial nerve (CN VII)

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3
Q

Zygomaticus major

A

Action: elevation of corner of mouth
Origin: Zygomatic bone
Insertion: blends with muscles at angle of mouth
Innervation: Facial nerve (CN VII)

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4
Q

Levator labii superioris

A

Action: elevation of upper lip
Origin: Maxilla, Zygomatic bone
Insertion: blends with muscles of upper lip
Innervation: Facial nerve (CN VII)

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5
Q

Nasalis

A

Action: widen naris
Origin: Maxilla
Insertion: Alar cartilage
Innervation: Facial nerve (CN VII)

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6
Q

Orbicularis oris

A

Action: closes lips, protrudes lips
Origin: skin around mouth, mandible, maxilla
Insertion: lips, interdigitation with fibers from opposite side
Innervation: facial nerve (CN VII)

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7
Q

Buccinator

A

Action: compression of cheek
Origin: pterygomandibular raphe, maxilla, mandible
Insertion: blends with muscles at angle of mouth
Innervation: Facial nerve (CN VII)

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8
Q

Platysma

A

Action: elevates and creases skin of neck, depression of lower lip and angle of mouth
Origin: fascia of upper thorax and lower neck
Insertion: mandible, skin and fascia of lower face, blends with muscles of lower lip and angle of mouth
Innervation: facial nerve (CN VII)

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9
Q

Zygomaticus minor

A

Action: elevation of upper lip, produces nasolabial furrow
Origin: zygomatic bone
Insertion: blends with orbicularis iris muscle
Innervation: facial nerve (CN VII)

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10
Q

Depressor anguli oris

A

Action: depresses angle of mouth
Origin: Mandible (body)
Insertion: blends with muscles at angle of mouth
Innervation: facial nerve (CN VII)

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11
Q

Depressor labii inferioris

A

Action: depresses lower lip
Origin: Mandible (body)
Insertion: blends with muscles of lower lip
Innervation: facial nerve (CN VII)

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12
Q

Trapezius

A

Action: upper fibers: elevation of scapula; superior rotation of scapula. middle fibers: reiteration of scapula. lower fibers: depress of scapula
Origin: Occipital bone, Nuchal ligament, Vertebra prominens, Spinous processes of T1-12 vertebrae
Insertion: Clavicle, Scapula
Innervation: Accessory nerve (CN XI)

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13
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Action: unilateral: rotation of head so face turns to opposite side. bilateral: flexion of head
Origin: Clavical, Sternum
Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone, lateral one-half of superior nuchal line of bone
Innervation: Accessory nerve (CN XI)

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14
Q

Scalene

A

Action: anterior: elevation of rib 1; lateral flexion and rotation of neck. middle: elevation of rib 1; lateral flexion of neck. Posterior: elevation of rib 2; lateral flexion of neck
Origin: Transverse process of C3-7 vertebrae
Insertion: anterior and middle: rib 1. Posterior: rib 2
Innervation: ventral rami of cervical spinal nerves

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15
Q

Occipitalis

A

Action: elevation of eyebrows, creases skin of forehead, moves scalp backward
Origin: occipital bone
Insertion: Epicranial aponeurosis
Innervation: facial nerve (CN VII)

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16
Q

Occipitofrontalis

A

Action: elevation of eyebrows, creases skin of forehead, moves scalp backward and forward
Includes: occipitalis and frontalis
Innervation: facial nerve (CN VII)

17
Q

Masseter

A

Action: elevation and protraction of mandible
Origin: zygomatic arch
Insertion: mandible
Innervation: trigeminal nerve

18
Q

Temporalis

A

Action: upper fibers: elevation of scapula; superior rotation of scapula. middle fibers: reiteration of scapula. lower fibers: depression of scapula
Origin: occipital bone, nuchal ligament, vertebra prominens, spinous processes of T1-12 vertebrae
Insertion: Clavicle and Scapula
Innervation: accessory nerve (CN XI)

19
Q

Splenius capitis

A

Action: unilateral: rotation of head to same side. bilateral: extension of head and neck
Origin: Nuchal ligament, vertebra prominens, spinous processes of T1-3 vertebrae
Insertion: Temporal bone, occipital bone
Innervation: dorsal rami of C3-5 spinal nerves

20
Q

Superior rectus

A

Action: elevation, adduction, medial rotation of eyeball
Origin: common tendinous ring
Insertion: Sclera
Innervation: Oculomotor nerve (CN III)

21
Q

Levator palpebrae superioris

A

Action: elevation of upper eyelid
Origin: Sphenoid bone
Insertion: upper eyelid
Innervation: Oculomotor nerve (CN III)

22
Q

Lateral rectus

A

Action: abduction of eyeball
Origin: common tendinous ring
Insertion: Sclera
Innervation: Abducens nerve (CN VI)

23
Q

Inferior rectus

A

Action: Depression, adduction, and lateral rotation of eyeball
Origin: common tendinous ring
Insertion: Sclera
Innervation: oculomotor nerve (CN III)

24
Q

Inferior oblique

A

Action: elevation and lateral rotation of eyeball
Origin: Maxilla
Insertion: Sclera
Innervation: oculomotor nerve (CN III)

25
Q

Lateral pterygoid

A

Action: protraction and side-to-side movement of mandible
Origin: Sphenoid bone
Insertion: mandible, articular disc of TMJ
Innervation: trigeminal nerve (CN V3)

26
Q

Medial pterygoid

A

Action: Elevation, protrusion, and side-to-side movement of mandible
Origin: Sphenoid bone
Insertion: Mandible
Innervation: trigeminal nerve (CN V3)

27
Q

Digastric

A

Action: depression of mandible, elevation of hyoid bone
Origin: anterior belly of mandible, posterior belly temporal bone
Insertion: hyoid bone
Innervation: trigeminal nerve (CN V3) and facial nerve (CN VII)

28
Q

Levator scapulae

A

Action: elevation, inferior rotation of scapula and lateral flexion of neck
Origin: transverse processes C1-4 vertebra
Insertion: Scapula
Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve, ventral rami of C3-4 spinal nerves

29
Q

Superior oblique

A

Action: depression, abduction, and medial rotation of eyeball
Origin: sphenoid bone
Insertion: Sclera
Innervation: trochlear nerve (CN IV)

30
Q

Medial rectus

A

Action: adduction of eyeball
Origin: common tendinous ring
Insertion: sclera
Innervation: oculomotor nerve (CN III)

31
Q

Pharyngeal constrictor

A

Action: peristalsis during swallowing
Origin: pterygomandibular raphe, hyoid bone, thyroid and cricoid cartilages of larynx
Insertion: posterior midline raphs, base of skull
Innervation: vagus nerve (CN X)

32
Q

Hyoglossus

A

Action: depression of tongue
Origin: Hyoid bone
Insertion: blends with musculature of tongue
Innervation: hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

33
Q

Splenius cervicis

A

Action: unilateral: rotation of head to same side. bilateral: extension of head and neck
Origin: spinous processes of T3-6 vertebrae
Insertion: transverse processes of C1-3 vertebrae
Innervation: dorsal rami of C3-5 spinal nerves

34
Q

Semispinalis capitis

A

Action: unilateral: rotation of head to opposite side. bilateral: extension of head and neck
Origin: transverse process of C7-T6 vertebrae
Insertion: occipital bone
Innervation: cervical spinal nerves (dorsal rami)

Muscles (3 decks)

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