HEAD AND NECK

Question 1

treatment of patients with advanced squamous carcinoma of the larynx.

Answer 1

induction chemotherapy (cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil)

combined with

radiation therapy

as an alternative to traditional laryngectomy with radiation therapy in the treatment of patients with advanced squamous carcinoma of the larynx.

without a decrease in survival rate.

no significant difference in overall survival rate.

According to the results of this study, patients with stage III and IV laryngeal cancer may be treated with induction chemotherapy and radiation therapy in an effort to preserve the larynx.

Surgery is reserved for patients who do not respond to chemotherapy or those with recurrences after completion of treatment.

Question 2

major salivary glands

Answer 2

parotid,

submandibular,

sublingual glands

Question 3

minor salivary glands

Answer 3

several thousand glands distributed through the upper aerodigestive tract

Question 4

percent location of salivary gland neoplasm by location

Answer 4

80% of salivary gland neoplasms originate in the parotid gland,

10% to 15% in the submandibular gland,

5% sublingual AND minor salivary glands combind.

Question 5

synchronous primary tumors and second primary tumors by location in head and neck

Answer 5

A synchronous tumor rate of 5% to 15% is highest among patients with tumors of the hypopharynx.

Tumors of the digestive tract (i.e., oral cavity, oropharynx, or hypopharynx) tend to have

–second primary lesions in other regions of the digestive tract.

Conversely, laryngeal lesions tend to have

–second primary tumors in other portions of the respiratory tract, predominantly the lungs and main stem bronchi