Head and Facial injuries

Question 1

Do scalp and facial lacerations bleed a little or a lot

Answer 1

a lot due to lots of blood supply

Question 2

what is the max time for sutures after an injury

Answer 2

18 hrs-sue says 6-8 hrs

Question 3

How will you know if an eye injury is less serious

Answer 3

no vision issues

Question 4

what signs should you observe for in a nasal injury

Answer 4

epitaxis, deformity, alignment, raccoon eyes

Question 5

What injuries may result in a direct blow to the nose

Answer 5

nasal fracture and chondral seperation

Question 6

what are the signs and symptoms of a nasal fracture or chondral seperation

Answer 6

profuse bleeding, immediate swelling and deformity

Question 7

what is the MOI of a nosebleed

Answer 7

direct blow, sinus infection, high humidity, allergies, a foreign body or some other serious facial injury

Question 8

what are the signs and symptoms of a nosebleed

Answer 8

uncontrolled bleeding(if lengthy then seek medical attention and will spontaneously resolve

Question 9

what is the treatment for nosebleeds

Answer 9

can put astringent on a nose plug and return to play, ice on the bridge or posterior neck, no nose blowing for at least two hours

Question 10

What is the MOI of a mandible fracture

Answer 10

direct blow

Question 11

What are the signs and symptoms

Answer 11

obvious deformity, loss of occlusion(teeth not lining up), bite test(bite down and hold, only if no deformity present), bleeding around teeth and lower lip anesthesia

Question 12

What is the MOI of a madibular dislocation

Answer 12

lateral blow with an open mouth

Question 13

What are the signs and symptoms of a mandibular dislocation

Answer 13

locked open mouth, minimal ROM and poor occlusion

Question 14

How do you manage a mandibular dislocation

Answer 14

refer- soft diet and NSAID’s, gradual return to play 7-10 days after actue phase

Question 15

What are the signs and symptoms of TMJ dysfunction

Answer 15

headaches, earaches, vertigo, inflammation, neck pain, muscle gaurding and trigger points, limited ROM, clicking, popping

Question 16

What is the management for TMJ dysfunction

Answer 16

custom mouth piece(removeable), strengthening or stretching

Question 17

What should you do if you suspect a maxilla fracture(any level)

Answer 17

refer immediatly

Question 18

what is the MOI for a zygomatic complex fracture

Answer 18

direct blow

Question 19

What are the signs and symptoms of a zygomatic complex fracture

Answer 19

deformity, bony descrepancy, nosebleed, diplopia and numbness of the cheek

Question 20

How do you manage a zygomatic complex fracture

Answer 20

cold application, immediate referral to physician,

Question 21

What would you want the athlete to have once they return to play following a zygomatic complex fracture

Answer 21

protection for the area

Question 22

What injury occurs when the eye is struck with an object that is larger than the orbit

Answer 22

blowout fracture

Question 23

What are some signs or symptoms of blowout fracture

Answer 23

eye will bulge or sink in, limited eye movements, won’t be able to track up

Question 24

What is the management for blowout fractures

Answer 24

refer for x-ray and no nose blowing(antibiotics and decongestant to help with this)

Question 25

what is another term for orbital hemotoma

Answer 25

black eye

Question 26

what is a subjunctiva hematoma

Answer 26

broken capillaries in the conjunctiva of eye

Question 27

When is a “blood shot” eye harmless

Answer 27

when you can see the lateral border then there is nothing to worry about, if no border is present then it could be indicative of a fracture

Question 28

What is the MOI for a hyphema

Answer 28

blunt blow to the eye-finger poke

Question 29

what are some signs and symptoms of a hyphema

Answer 29

collection of blood in anterior chamber of eye, visible reddish tinge in anterior chamber, vision may be blocked

Question 30

What is the management plan for a hyphema

Answer 30

refer, bed rest and elevation(30-40) degrees, both eyes patched, sedation and medication to reduce anterior chamber pressure

Question 31

What is MOI for a corneal abrasion

Answer 31

Athlete or person attempts to remove foreign object from eye scratching the cornea

Question 32

What are the signs and symptoms of a corneal abrasion

Answer 32

severe pain, watering eyes, photophobia and spasm of the orbicular muscle of the eyelid

Question 33

what i the MOI for a rupture of the globe

Answer 33

blow to the eye by an object that is smaller than the orbit

Question 34

What are the signs and symptoms of a globe rupture

Answer 34

severe pain, decreased visual acuity, diplopia, irregular pupils, globe or pupil deformity, increased intraocular pressure and orbital leakage

Question 35

Management for ruptured globe

Answer 35

immediate rest and eye shield and referral to emergency department

Question 36

What is another name for cauliflower ear

Answer 36

auricular hematoma

Question 37

what is auricular hematoma

Answer 37

fluid build up between skin and catilage of ear

Question 38

What is the management plan for auricular hematoma

Answer 38

drain fluid and wrap with collodion

Question 39

What is otitis externa

Answer 39

swimmers ear

Question 40

What test can be done to test for swimmers ear

Answer 40

pulling on pinna(earlobe)

Question 41

What is the MOi for a rupture of the tympanic membrane

Answer 41

fall or slap to the unprotected ear or sudden underwater variation

Question 42

signs and symptoms of rupture of the tympanic membrane

Answer 42

loud pop, pain in ear, nausea, vomiting and izziness, hearing loss, visible rupture(through otocscope)

Question 43

Do ears heal well by themselves

Answer 43

yes

Question 44

For injuries to the throat, what would be some “red flags”

Answer 44

bleeding(externally or in mouth), loss of landmarks((swelling), apnea, dypnea, increased breath sounds on auscultation, spitting up blood, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, loss of movement of the laryngeal structures