Head Anatomy Flashcards by Maksim Hartley

Contents of Foramen Ovale

Otic Ganglion
V3
Accessory Meningeal Artery
Lesser Petrosal Nerve
Emissary Veins

‘OVALE’

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Contents of Foramen Spinosum

Middle Meningeal Artery Meningeal Branch of Mandibular Nerve

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Contents of Foramen Rotundum

Maxillary Nerve (V2)

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Contents of Foramen Lacerum

ICA Nerve/Artery of Pterygoid canal

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Contents of Jugular Foramen

Ant: Inferior Petrosal Sinus Mid: Glossopharyngeal, Vagua + Accessory nerves Post: Sigmoid Sinus

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Contents of Foramen Magnum

Ant + Post spinal arteries Vertebral arteries Medulla Oblongata

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Contents of Stylomastoid Foramen

Stylomastoid Artery Facial Nerve

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Contents of Superior Orbital Fissure

Oculomotor Trochlear Lacrimal, frontal + nasociliary branches of ophthalmic nerve Abducens Sup + Inf Opthalmic Vein

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CN I - Name + Exit Point

Ophthalmic Cribiform Plate

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CN II - Name + Exit Point

Optic Optic Canal

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CN III - Name + Exit Point

Oculomotor Superior Orbital Fissure

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CN IV - Name + Exit Point

Trochlear Superior Orbital Fissure

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CN V - Name + Exit Point

Trigeminal ‘Standing Room Only’ V1 - Sup Orbital Fissure V2 - Foramen Rotundum V3 - Foramen Ovale

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CN VI - Name + Exit Point

Abducens Superior Orbital Fissure

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CN VII - Name + Exit Point

Facial Nerve Auditory Canal -> Foramen Spinosum

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CN VIII - Name + Exit Point

Vestibulocochlear Auditory Canal

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CN IX - Name + Exit Point

Glossopharyngeal Jugular Foramen

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CN X - Name + Exit Point

Vagus Jugular Foramen

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CN XI - Name + Exit Point

Accessory Jugular Foramen

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CN XII - Name + Exit Point

Hypoglossal Hypoglossal Canal

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Innervation of trigeminal nerve

Sensory - Face Motor - Masseter, Temporalis, Med + Lat Pterygoid Autonomic - Ciliary, Sphenopalatine (lacrimal), Otic (Parotid), Submand Gland

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Innervation of Facial Nerve

Sensory - Taste from ant 2/3 tongue (via Chorda Tympani) Motor - Muscles of facial expression Autonomic - Parasymp to sublingual and submandib

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Innervation Glossopharyngeal Nerve

Sensory - Tonsils, pharynx, middle ear, post 1/3 tongue Motor - Stylopharyngeus

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Innervation hypoglossal nerve

Motor - All muscles of tongue

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Innervation of accessory nerve

Motor - Sternocleidomastoid, Trapezius

Sensation of Tongue

Anterior 2/3 - Taste: Chorda tympani branch of facial Sensation: Lingual branch of V3 Posterior 1/3 - Taste + Sensation: Glossopharyngeal

Ciliary Ganglion

Parasympathetic Found in posterior orbit Innervates sphincter pupillae + Cillaris

Submandibular Ganglion

Parasympathetic Found above submandibular gland, suspended from lingual nerve Important fibres: External carotid plexus, Submandibular and Sublingual fibres

Otic Ganglion

Found below foramen ovale Innervates parotid gland

Inpouchings of Dura

Falx + Tentorium

Contents of Flax

Superior sagital sinus

Layers of meninges

Pia, Arachnoid, Dura

Folds of cerebrum

Outward: Gyrus Inward: Sulcus

Cisterns

Areas where subarachnoid space is anatomically large

Structure of caudal spinal cord

Midbrain, Pons, Medulla

Floor of fourth ventricle

Back of medulla

Nerves from medulla

9 - 12

Nerves from pons

5, 6, 7, 8

Location of superior and inferior colliculi + pons

Posterior midbrain

Mid-brain divides into

Cerebral Peduncles

Geniculate bodies

Produce Optic Tract

Lobes of cerebellum

Anterior, Posterior, Vermis

Source of cerebellar peduncles

Midbrain, Pons, Medulla

Roof of fourth ventricle

Cerebellum

Corpus callosum

Connects two cerebral hemispheres

Uncus

Tip of temporal lobe

Horns of lateral ventricle

Anterior, Posterior, Inferior (+ Body)

Choroid Plexus

Produces CSF

Cerebral Aqueduct

Joins 3rd + 4th Ventricles

4th ventricle openings

Medial and lateral

Optic Nerve Connections

Optic Nerve -\> Chiasm -\> Tract -\> Lateral geniculate Nucleus -\> Radiation -\> Visual Cortex

Origin Oculomotor Nerves

III - Between cerebral peduncles IV - Posterior Midbrain VI - Below Pons

Muscles of the eye

Superior / Inferior Rectus Medial / Lateral Rectus Superior / Inferior Oblique

Branches of Trigeminal Nerve

Opthalmic Maxillary Mandibular

Origin of Trigeminal Nerve

Originates from anterior pons. Passess foward into trigeminal cave (Lateral to sella tursica). Divides into three branches within trigeminal cave

Branches of opthalmic nerve

Frontal, Lacrimal, Nasociliary

Pterygomaxillary Fissure

Between lateral pterygoid plate and maxilla, continuous with inferior obital fissure. Maxillary nerve emerges deep in pterygomaxillary fissure

Mandibular Nerve Exit From Skull

Foramen Ovale, Behind lateral pterygoid plate

Branches of Maxilalry Nerve

Infra-orbital nerve, Superior Alveolar Nerve, Palatine, Naso-palatine, Zygomatic

Branches of mandibular nerve

Motor to muscles of mastication, buccal, auriculotrmporal, Inferior Alveolar Nerve, Lingual Nerve

Lingual Nerve - Taste Sensation

Lingual nerve carries teste sensation from ant. 2/3 of tongue, then passess them on to chorda typani in pterygomaxillary fissure

Facial nerve exit from skull

Internal auditory meatus -\> Facial canal (passing high in tympanic cavity) -\> Stylomastoid Foramen

Branches of facial nerve within facial canal

Greater petrosal nerve, Neve to stapedius, Chorda Tympani

Path of Chorda Tympani

Passess upwards on inside of tympanic membrane

Branches of Facial Nerve

Temporal, Zygomatic, Buccal, Mandibular, Cervical + Post. Belly Digastric + Stylohyoid

Path of rucurrent laryngeal

R: Around Subclavian L: Around Arch of Aorta

Branches of subclavian

Internal thoracic, Thyrocervical Trunk, Vertebral Artery

Level of Division of Common Cartoid

Angle of Mandible

Branches of ICA

Opthalmic Artery, Ant Cerebra, Post. Communicating, Middle Cerebral

Inferior Cerebellar Arteries - Source

Vertebral Arteries

Superio Cerebellar Arteries - Source

Basilar Artery

Relationship of posterior cerebral artery to oculomotor

Posterior cerebral curves round oculomotor nerve

Contents of cavernous sinus

Lateral Wall: CN III, IV, VI, ICA, Trigeminal Ganglion

Exits of cavernous sinus

Inferior and Superior Petrosal Sinus

Branches ECA

Superior Thyroid Artery, Ascending Pharyngeal, Lingual Artery, Facial Artery, Occipital Artery, Posterior Auricular Artery, Maxillary, Superficial Temporal

Middle meningeal artery

Branch of Maxillary artery, passess through foramen spinosum