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Hea 411 > HEA 411 Final Exam > Flashcards

HEA 411 Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Draw the Social Cognitive Theory

A

Accuracy

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2
Q

What is Reciprocal Determinism?

A

theory of social learning that behavior is influenced by the individual, the environment, and the environment

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3
Q

Who created the Social Cognitive Theory?

A

Albert Bandure

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4
Q

What are the constructs of SCT?

A
  1. Outcome expectations
  2. Outcome expectancies
  3. Self-efficacy
  4. Behavioral capacity
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5
Q

What is Outcome expectations in SCT?

A

Beliefs about what will happen if the behavior is performed, what are the consequences

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6
Q

What is Outcome expectancies in SCT?

A

Evaluation of outcomes or consequences of behavior

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7
Q

What is the behavioral capacity in SCT?

A

Actual ability to do the behavior (actual skill)

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8
Q

What are the process of change in SCT?

A
  1. Try behavior
    Observe others
    Hear what happens
    (Experience Consequences)
  2. Skills training
  3. Personal mastery
    Vicarious experience
    Verbal persuasion
    Diminish arousal
  4. Reinforcement
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9
Q

What process of change impacts outcome expectations and expectancies?

A

Try behavior
Observe others
Hear what happens
(Experience Consequences)

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10
Q

What process of change impacts Behavioral Capacity?

A

Skills training

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11
Q

What process of change impacts Self-efficacy?

A

Personal mastery
Vicarious experience
Verbal persuasion
Diminish arousal

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12
Q

What process of change impacts behavior

A

Reinforcement

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13
Q

What are the pros of SCT?

A

Self-efficacy is a powerful construct with considerable support.
Principles with tools and methods for change as well as prediction.

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14
Q

What are the cons of SCT?

A

Hard to tell how the many different constructs are inter-related
So many constructs
Measurement is weak for all but self-efficacy

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15
Q

What is an intervention?

A

the program or combination of
activities that is implemented in order to
facilitate change

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16
Q

What are stratagies/activities?

A

the specific events,
experiences, components that collectively
form the intervention

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17
Q

What are micro interventions?

A

planned and implemented for individuals

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18
Q

What are macro interventions

A

planned and implemented for a group of people
community-wide

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19
Q

What are communication Activities?

A

Courses, Seminars, Workshops
 Brochures, Supplemental Written Materials
 Internet-Based Learning

Best at Increasing awareness
 Increasing knowledge
 Changing/Reinforcing attitudes
 Maintaining Interest

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20
Q

What are educational Activities?

A

Most effective at:
 Increasing Knowledge
 Supporting Attitude Change
 Enhancing Skill Development

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21
Q

Behavior Modification

A

Used in individual level interventions
 Focused on specific behavior/behavior pattern
 Based on altering stimuli and reinforcing
consequences

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22
Q

Environmental Activities

A

Altering or controlling environment to
support changes in knowledge, attitudes,
behaviors, skills
 “forced choice” vs. voluntary choice
activities

23
Q

Regulatory Activities

A

Policy/Regulation Changes
 Often considered mandates
 Controversial in nature
 Should be community-driven
 Clear communication upon initiation

24
Q

What is the role of theory in designing interventions?

A

Behavioral determinants are expressed in
terms of a theoretical foundation

25
What is segmentation?
a way to divide the priority population into smaller, more homogeneous or similar groups
26
What is the criteria for segmentations
Measurable, Substantial, Accessible, Differentiable, Actionable
27
Define Measurable Criteria
How many people in each segment & can the factors be measured
28
Define Substantial Criteria
is the segment large enough & profitable enough to reach enough people to make a difference
29
Define Accessible Criteria
can the segment be reached & services delivered?
30
Define Differentiable Criteria
are segments different enough that they will react differently to marketing strategies
31
Define Actionable Criteria
can products be created to attract segments?
32
What is the diffusion theory?
provides an explanation for the diffusion of innovations (something new) in populations; or stated a little differently, it explains the pattern of adoption of the innovations
33
What is the first step of the marketing process?
Using marketing research to determine the needs and desires
34
What is the second step of the marketing process?
Developing a product that satisfies the needs and desires of the clients
35
What is the third step of the marketing process?
Developing informative & persuasive communication flows
36
What is the fourth step of the marketing process?
Ensuring that the product is provided in an appropriate manner
37
What is the fifth step of the marketing process?
Keeping clients satisfied and loyal
38
Product
what is being offered to meet the customers’ needs; types: information, ideas, goods, services, events, & behaviors
39
Price
what it costs the priority population to obtain the product & its associated benefits; barriers – keep people from responding to an intervention or doing a behavior; other prices: behavioral, time, effort, physical, psychological/emotional, social
40
Place
where will priority population access the product or where they might engage in the behavior; convenient?
41
Promotion
communication strategy; advertising many types: direct, Internet, sales, public relations; brand – something that identifies the seller’s good or service: what’s in a name?
42
Implementation
the act of converting planning, goals, and objectives into action through administrative structure, management activities, policies, procedures, and regulations, and organizational actions of new programs
43
What are the phases of implementation
1. Adoption of the program - a part of marketing 2. Identifying & prioritizing the tasks to be completed 3. Establishing a system of management 4. Putting the plans into action 5. Ending or sustaining a program
44
Pilot testing
trying the program out with a small group from the priority population to identify any problems
45
Phased-in
limiting the number of people who are exposed then gradually increasing the numbers; by offerings, by location, by ability, by number
46
Management
“the process of achieving results through controlling human, financial, and technical resources”
47
what should you do on the first day of implementation
Kick off in style * Seek news coverage, if appropriate * Consider a news hook; e.g., day in history * Special event; use of celebrities
48
saftey and medical staff
Most programs are to improve health, thus do not put participants in danger
49
ethical concerns
Where competing values are at play & judgment must be made on what is the most appropriate course of action
50
Process
Information collected during implementation, quality of program
51
Impact
Immediate observable effects of a programs that have an impact on the outcomes of a program * Attitudes, awareness, knowledge, skills, behaviors
52
Outcome
An ultimate goal or product of a program
53
Summative
Impact and Outcome evaluation
54
Formmative
Information obtained before or during implementation of program (Process Evaluation)

Hea 411 (2 decks)

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