HD Intro

Question 1

What is the main difference between innate and adaptive immunity?

Answer 1

innate immunity is fast and broadly specific, and it serves as an immediate response to a pathogenic threat; adaptive is slow and highly specific

Question 2

All immune cells come from _________ in ________.

Answer 2

hematopoietic stem cells; bone marrow

Question 3

Where do most immune cells mature? What is the exception?

Answer 3

Most immune cells mature in the bone marrow, but T cells require localization to the thymus for maturation into functional T cells.

Question 4

What are examples of polymorph nuclear cells?

Answer 4

eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils, mast cells

Question 5

What are examples of mononuclear cells?

Answer 5

• monocytes: macrophages, dendritic cells

- lymphocytes: T cells, B cells, NKCs

Question 6

Which cells are capable of phagocytosis?

Answer 6

PMNs/neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages

Question 7

Which cells are capable of degranulation?

Answer 7

eosinophils, basophils, mast cells

Question 8

In the humoral response, what 3 things are antibodies responsible for mediating?

Answer 8

• neutralization of pathogens or biological agents
• opsonization to facilitate phagocytosis
• activation of complement-complement antibodies in destroying pathogens

Question 9

How are antibodies created?

Answer 9

immature B cells differentiate into plasma cells, which release antibodies

Question 10

Explain how a faulty cell-mediated response can result in immunodeficiency.

Answer 10

A failure to polarize cytotoxic granules of the cytotoxic T cell (CTL) toward the target cell can result in a deficiency in the CTL response, leading to immunodeficiency.

Question 11

What are the primary vs. secondary lymphoid organs?

Answer 11

• primary: bone marrow, thymus

- secondary: lymph nodes, spleen