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[HD 201] 1st Exam > HD 201 E1 Samplex 2011 > Flashcards

HD 201 E1 Samplex 2011 Flashcards

1
Q

The ___ is the mirror of the ovarian cycle

a. uterine endometrium
b. uterine myometrium
c. mammary gland
d. vaginal mucosa

A

A

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2
Q

If no fertilization occurs, then:

a. corpus luteum degenerates
b. syncitiotrophoblast secretes HCG
c. luteal phase is maintained
d. endometrium thickens

A

A

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3
Q

The luteal phase coincides with the formation and growth of which of the ff. structures?

a. corpus luteum
b. corpus albicans
c. atretic follicle
d. corpora cavernosa

A

A

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4
Q

What is related to the luteal phase

a. corpus luteum
b. corpus albicans
c. tunica albuginea
d. tunica vaginalis

A

A

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5
Q

The secretory phase is characterized by:

a. it precedes ovulation
b. it is independent on progesterone secretion by the corpus luteum
c. it coincides with the development of the ovarian follicles
d. it produces ischemia and necrosis of the stratum functionalis

A

C

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6
Q

The secndary oocyte continues the 2nd meiotic division only if the ff. events occur:

a. elevation of progesterone titers
b. environment of the oviduct and uterus
c. expulsion from mature follicle
d. fertilization by a spermatozoan

A

D

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7
Q

Primary oocytes are present by:

a. birth
b. puberty
c. 5th month of fetal life
d. 3rd week of embryonic life

A

C

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8
Q

Formation of primary spermatocytes begin at:

a. 6th wk of embryonic life
b. Birth
c. 5th month of fetal life
d. puberty

A

D

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9
Q

In oogenesis, which cells can remain dormant for 12-40 years?

a. primordial germ cells
b. primary oocyte
c. secondary oocyte
d. 1st polar body

A

B

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10
Q

In Spermatogenesis, which of the ff. cells remain dormant for 12 years?

a. spermatogonium A
b. primary spermatocyte
c. secondary spermatocyte
d. Spermatid

A

A

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11
Q

The size of this structure is useful in determining gestational age of the embryo

a. amniotic cavity
b. primary yolk sac
c. chorionic cavity
d. secondary yolk sac

A

C

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12
Q

Fetal part of chorion

a. chorion leave
b. smooth chorion
c. villous chorion
d. decidua basalis

A

C

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13
Q

What anomaly may be associated with only one umbilical artery?

a. CNS abnormalities
b. cardiovascular
c. renal
d. GIT

A

B

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14
Q

After how many hours after fertilization in the uterine tube does the blastocyst implant?

a. within few minutes
b. after 12 hrs
c. after one day
d. after 7 days

A

D

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15
Q

Where does the blastocyst implant?

a. functional layer of cervix
b. functional layer of endometrium
c. basal layer of endometrium
d. myometrium

A

B

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16
Q

All of the ff structures are necessary for blastocyst implantation except

a. functional layer of the endometrium
b. zona pellucida
c. syncitiotrophoblast
d. cytotrophoblast

A

B

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17
Q

Which of the ff plays the most active role in blastocyst implantation?

a. epiblast
b. hypoblast
c. syncitiotrophoblast
d. extraembryonic somatic mesoderm

A

C

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18
Q

Between which two layers is the extraembryonic mesoderm located?

a. epiblast and hypoblast
b. syncitiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast
c. exocoelomic membrane and syncitiotrophoblast
d. exocoelomic membrane and cytotrophoblast

A

D

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19
Q

The prechordal plate marks the future site of the

a. umbilical cord
b. mouth
c. heart
d. anus

A

B

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20
Q

What forms the definitive chorion

a. extraembryonic mesoderm and epiblast
b. extraembryonic mesoderm and cytotrophoblast
c. extraembryonic mesoderm and syncitiotrophoblast
d. extraembryonic mesoderm, cytotrophoblast and syncitiotrophoblast

A

D

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21
Q

Which of the ff germ layers are present by the end
of the 3rd week?

a. endoblast and hypoblast
b. endoderm and ectoderm
c. ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm
d. epiblast, mesoderm and hypoblast

A

C

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22
Q

Which process establishes the three definitive germ layers?

a. neurulation
b. craniocaudal folding
c. gastrulation
d. lateral folding

A

C

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23
Q

True of the notochord except:

a. induces ectoderm to form neural plate
b. forms from the primitive streak to prechordal plate
c. forms the nucleus pulposus
d. forms the neural tube

A

D

24
Q

Which of the following has three distinct muscle layers?

a. seminiferous tubules
b. vas deferens
c. ductus epididymis
d. seminal vesicle

A

B

25
Q

Attaches the chorion to maternal endothelial stroma

a. extraembryonic mesoderm
b. internal embryonic mesoderm
c. tertiary chorionic villous
d. cytotrophoblastic shell

A

A

26
Q

Which is a true stem cell?

a. Type A spermatogonium
b. Type B spermatogonium
c. Sertoli cell
d. Leydig cell

A

A

27
Q

Which produces androgen binding protein?

a. Type A spermatogonium
b. Type B spermatogonium
c. Sertoli cell
d. Leydig cell

A

C

28
Q

During spermatogenesis, which cell is not interconnected by intercellular bridge?

a. Type A spermatogonium
b. Type B spermatogonium
c. Sertoli cell
d. Leydig cell

A

D

29
Q

In which of the following organs do zonula occludens type junctions form a blood-____ barrier?

a. Testis
b. Ductile efferent
c. Ductus epididymis
d. Prostate gland

A

A

30
Q

In the pregnant uterus, the endometrial stroma contains many decidual cells. What is the tissue layer called when it’s in contact with the chorion layer?

A. Amnion
B. Decidual basalis
C. Decidual parietalis
D. Decidual capsularis

A

D

31
Q

What substance causes the corpus luteum of menstruation in becoming the longer living corpus luteum of pregnancy?

a) Estrogen
b) LH
c) Progesterone
d) hCG

A

D

32
Q

Which will become discontinuous in later pregnancy?

a) syncitiotrophoblast
b) cytotrophoblast
c) both
d) none

A

B

33
Q

When do primary oocytes first appear?

a. during the fetal period
b. at puberty in general
c. at the time and place of fertilization
d. during both fetal and at puberty

A

A

34
Q

The zona pellucida is a product of both the oocyte and follicular cells. It appears on what type of ovarian follicle?

a. primordial
b. antral
c. primary
d. Graafian

A

C

35
Q

The following conditions describe follicular atresia except:

a. transformation of basal lamina into a thick hyaline membrane
b. shrinkage and degeneration of oocyte
c. loosening and shredding of granulosa cells into the antrum
d. formation of a central blood clot within the antrum

A

D

36
Q

Chorionic membrane lines which cavity/structure?

a. amniotic cavity
b. yolk sac
c. extraembryonic coelom
d. antrum in blastocyst

A

B

37
Q

Which of the following hormones is responsible for ovulation?

a. LH
b. FSH
c. Estradiol
d. Progesterone

A

A

38
Q

Before puberty, the profile of a 7 year old child is:

a. low FSH, low LH, low estradiol
b. low FSH, high LH, low estradiol
c. high FSH, high LH, high estradiol
d. high FSH, low LH, high estradiol

A

A

39
Q

The profile of a menopausal woman is:

a. low FSH, low LH, low estradiol
b. low FSH, high LH, low estradiol
c. high FSH, high LH, high estradiol
d. high FSH, low LH, high estradiol

A

A

40
Q

Enzyme responsible for the fusion of plasma membranes of sperm and egg

a. acrosin
b. hyaluronidase
c. lysosomal enzyme
d. hydrolytic enzyme

A

D

41
Q

Which of the following is a hint that the female is in the first ½ of cycle?

a. Thin and elastic cervical mucus
b. Basal body temp is greater by ¬ 0.5°
c. increased appetite
d. increased respiratory rate

A

A

42
Q

Enzyme responsible for the fusion of plasma membranes of sperm and egg

a. acrosin
b. hyaluronidase
c. lysosomal enzyme
d. hydrolytic enzyme

A

D

43
Q

Gestational age may be computed by taking the ff. measurements by ultrasound in the 16th-38th week, except:

A. CRL
B. abdominal diameter
C. femoral length
D. biparietal diameter

A

A

44
Q

A female w/ irregular menses and a history of 70 days of amenorrhea, what is the best way to estimate gestational age?

A. LNMP
B. Femoral length by US
C. CRL by US
D. BPD by US

A

D

45
Q

A patient with irregular menses gets a positive pregnancy test after 70 days of amenorrhea. The best way to estimate time of birth and gestational age is by

A. LNMP
B. time of fertilization
C. CRL by US
D. BPD by US

A

B

46
Q

True of placenta except:

A. placental hormones are proteins and steroids
B. all hormones come from mother and placenta during pregnancy
C. Blood hormonal levels may be checked to assess fetal well-being
D. Placental hormones have different rates of secretion during the entire duration of pregnancy

A

B

47
Q

Causes increase in hCG:

A. choriocarcinoma
B. hyaditidiform moles
C. dermoid cysts
D. all of the above
E. A&B only
A

E

48
Q

What hormone is thought to preclude ovulation in pregnancy?

A. relaxin
B. inhibin
C. progesterone
D. estrogen
E. somatocrinin
A

C

49
Q

If there is low amount of estrogen in urine, it’s an indication of

A. macrosomia
B. multiple gestation
C. fetal anencephaly
D. erythroblastosis fetalis

A

D

50
Q

First step in progesterone biosynthesis in placenta occurs in what part of the cell?

a. Microsomes
b. Mitochondria
c. Nucleus
d. Golgi bodies
e. None of the above

A

B

51
Q

Majority of circulating estrogen during pregnancy comes from:

a. Maternal plasma DHEAS
b. Fetal adrenal DHEAS
c. Maternal cholesterol
d. Ovarian androtestosterone
e. Placental progesterone

A

B

52
Q

Despite low oxygen tension, fetus has enough oxygen due to:

a. Low hemoglobin concentration
b. Increased affinity for oxygen by fetal hemoglobin
c. Relative hypoperfusion of organs
d. Decreased fetal movements and breathing
e. None of the above

A

B

53
Q

Fetal response(s) to hypoxemia:

a. Oxygen margin of safety
b. Substrate excretion alterations
c. Increased growth
d. Increased REM sleep
e. None of the above

A

A

54
Q

True of the Biophysical profile:

a. a positive contraction stress test is a sign of fetal well being
b. poor beat to beat variability is a sign of fetal well-being
c. a BPP of 6 is considered abnormal
d. fetal apnea could be due to a “sleep state”
e. none of the above

A

D

55
Q

True regarding teratology:

a. Susceptibility of the to teratogens varies with developmental state
b. Teratgenic agents act by non-specific mechanisms on devt. cells
c. Final effects of abnormal devt., are death, malformations, etc.
d. AOTA
e. A and C

A

E

56
Q

True of incidence of major congenital anomalies:

a. The longer the devt., the more susceptible the organ system to anomalies
b. The more complex the devt., the more susceptible the organ system to anomalies
c. The heart is most prone to congenital abnormalities
d. A and B
e. A and C

A

D

57
Q

True of brain anomalies:

a. neural tube defects (eg. Anencephaly) may be suggestive of an insult at 4th month of gestation
b. problems with ventral induction may result in holoprosencephaly
c. problems with neuronal proliferation may result in gross anatomical abnormalities in the brain
d. none of the above

A

D

[HD 201] 1st Exam (8 decks)

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