Hci Flashcards
Is a multidisciplinary field of study focusing on the design of
computer technology and, in particular, the interaction between humans (the users) and computers.
Human-computer interaction (HCI)
HCI is considered a multi-disciplinary subject thus, the ideal designer of an interactive system involves the following expertise, but not limited to:
- Psychology and cognitive science – knowledge about perception, cognitive, and problem –solving skills;
- Ergonomics – physical capabalities of the user;
- Sociology – to understand the wider context of the interaction;
- Computer science and engineering – build the necessary technology;
- Business – for marketing;
- Graphic design – for more effective interface presentation;
- Technical writing – produce manuals.
In line with this, the three major concerns involved are the
(1) people,
(2) computer, and the
(3) tasks that are performed
There are three ‘use’ words that must be true for all in order for a product to be considered successful:
(a). useful
(b). usable
(c). used –
– it should accomplish what is required, i.e. watch movie, format a document, ring the alarm;
(a). useful
– do it easily and naturally, without danger of error, etc.;
(b). usable
make people want to use it, be attractive, engaging, fun, etc
(c). used
There are five major senses:
sight, hearing, touch, taste and smell
Is a highly complex activity with a range of physical and perceptual limitations, yet it is the
primary source of information for the average person.
Human vision
“Design is not just what it looks like and feels like. Design is how it works.”
Steve Jobs
describes the practice as: “the goal of creating products that enable
the user to achieve their objective(s) in the best way possible.”
The Interaction Design Foundation
makes a product useful. A product is bought to be used. It has to satisfy certain criteria, not
only functional, but also psychological and aesthetic.
Good design
is one which is not easy to understand, distracting, difficult to use and short lived
Bad design
He develop the ten principles of good design
Dieter Rams
10 Principles of design
*Good design is innovative.
*Good design makes a product useful.
*Good design is aesthetic.
*Good design makes a product understandable.
*Good design is unobtrusive.
*Good design is honest.
*Good design is long-lasting.
*Good design is thorough down to the last detail.
*Good design is environmentally-friendly
*Good design is as little design as possible
involves the study, planning, and design of the interaction between
people (users) and computers.
Human Computer Interaction
Interaction Design is the practice of:
understanding users’ needs and goals
designing tools for users to achieve those goals
What is the difference between interaction design and HCI?
According to the definition in Interaction Design — Beyond HCI, IxD is
much broader than HCI, because it includes all means of technology,
system, and products, while HCI concerns interactive computing
system.
In designing interactive products the following questions should be considered:
who are going to use it?
how its going to be used? And;
where its gonna be used?
refers to how a product behaves and is used by people in the real world.
The user experience
Important aspects of the user experience are the following
usability
functionality
aesthetics
content
look and feel
emotional appeal
Two Components of Human Memory
- working memory
- long-term memory.
where you do your
conscious thinking.
Working memory
is probably the least
understood part of human cognition.
Long-term memory
is an
essential principle
probably the most
important in
communicating a
model to the user.
Visibility
The various types of user interfaces include:
graphical user interface (GUI)
command line interface (CLI)
menu-driven user interface
Golden rule of design:
understand your materials
is an
important Windows security
feature.
User Account Control
– Use linked labels to provide secondary navigation that shows
the path from the front to the current site page in the hierarchy.
Breadcrumbs
Forms can put users off registration. So, use this sign-up pattern to
let
users sample what your site/app offers for free or familiarize
themselves with it
Lazy Registration
Let users enter data in various formats (e.g., city/town/village or zip
code)
Forgiving Format
Make buttons stand out with color so users know what to do
Clear Primary Action
Show users only features relevant for the task at hand, one per screen.
If you break input demands into sections, you’ll reduce cognitive load
(e.g., “Show More”)
Progressive Disclosure
Hide nonessential information on detailed pages to let users
find
relevant information more easily.
Hover Controls
designers typically combine this with a wizard pattern
Steps Left
Dark patterns are risky because user mistrust and feedback can
destroy a brand’s reputation overnight.
Dark Patterns
about creating interventions in often complex situations using technology of many
kinds including PC software, the web and physical devices.
Interaction design
Design involves:
– achieving goals within constraints and
trade-off
– understanding the raw materials:
computer and human
– accepting limitations of humans and of design
Here are some more examples of commonly-seen affordances in
graphical user interfaces. B
Downward-pointing arrows
Texture
Mouse cursor
Visible highlighting
Make Commands Visible
A. understand computers
– limitations, capacities, tools, platforms
B. understand people
– psychological, social aspects, human error
Users need to find their way around a system. This involves:
– helping users know where they are, where they have been and what they can do next
– creating overall structures that are easy to understand and fit the users’ needs
– designing comprehensible screens and control panels
Complexity of design means we don’t get it right first time:
– so we need iteration and prototypes to try out and evaluate
– but iteration can get trapped in local maxima, designs that have no simple improvements, but are not
good
– theory and models can help give good start points.
about the following topics: For graded recitation
Learnability
o Examine user experience design principles
Visibility
o Explain how human memory system works
Efficiency
o Discuss the three interface styles that are already existing.
Errors & User Control
o Recognize how users learn interface
User – Centered Design
o Explain human information processing
Accessibility
o Apply practical design principles and patterns in User Interface Desig
Learnability
o Examine user experience design principles
Visibility
o Explain how human memory system works
Efficiency
o Discuss the three interface styles that are already existing.
Errors & User Control
o Recognize how users learn interface
User – Centered Design
o Explain human information processing
Accessibility
o Apply practical design principles and patterns in User Interface Desig
