HB Exam II Flashcards
What behavioral traits have high heritability?
Aggression, altruism, assertiveness, constraint, empathy, harm avoidance, impulsivity, leadership, nurturance, persistence, physicality, reward dependence, social closeness, sociability, traditionalism, well-being
What is the definition of personality disorder?
An enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates from expectations of a person’s culture that is pervasive and inflexible across a broad range of personal and social situations. It is stable and of long duration traceable back to adolescence or early adulthood.
In the DSM V criteria for personality disorders, where must the disorder manifest?
Must manifest in at least 2 of the following:
- cognition (i.e. ways of perceiving and interpreting self, others, and events)
- affectivity (the range, intensity, lability, and appropriateness of emotional response)
- interpersonal functioning
- impulse control
Name the DSM V criteria for personality disorders.
- manifests in 2 or more of required areas
- enduring pattern leading to clinically significant distress/impairment in functioning
- not better accounted for as a manifestation or consequence of another mental disorder
- not d/t the direct physiological effects of a substance or medical condition
What is the primary determinant of temperament?
Genetics
Describe the characteristics of paranoid PD, and the DSM features involved.
Pt has unwarranted suspiciousness and the tendency to misinterpret actions of others as threatening or deliberately harmful.
*DSM criteria: Affects cognition and interpersonal skills.
Describe the characteristics of schizoid PD, and the DSM features involved.
Pt is detached from others, restricted range of emotional expression and lack of interest in activities, isolated, “socially awkward”. These people are happy to be alone.
*DSM criteria: affective dysregulation and interpersonal fxn problems.
Describe the characteristics of schizotypal PD, and the DSM features involved.
Deficits in interpersonal relationships and distortions in both cognition and perception, the clairvoyant mystic, not at the same intensity as delusion. Magical thinking, social anxiety that doesn’t diminish with familiarity.
*DSM criteria: cognition and interpersonal fxn
Describe the characteristics of antisocial PD, and the DSM features involved.
The psychopaths- guiltless, exploitative, irresponsible, hallmark of being conscious of deceiving others, no remorse. 90% male, associated with crime/drug use/violence/abuse. Strong biologic evidence for genetic link and neuro signs. Present since age 15 maybe younger, pt must be >18 to dx.
*DSM criteria: impulse control
Describe the characteristics of borderline PD, and the DSM features involved.
More common in females. Strong problems w/ affective regulation who fear rejection intensely, unstable affects, can’t cope w/ rejection and disappointment, act out, fear abandonment.
*DSM criteria: interpersonal fxn, impulsion, affectivity
Describe the characteristics of histrionic PD, and the DSM features involved.
Excessive emotional expression and attention-seeking behavior. Interactions often involve provocative behavior, are uncomfortable if not center of attention, use appearance to get attention, suggestible.
*DSM criteria: interpersonal fxn
Describe the characteristics of narcissistic PD, and the DSM features involved.
Very grandiose, lack empathy, interpersonally exploitative, need for admiration, believe they’re “special”, preoccupied with ideas of unlimited success/beauty/brilliance/etc, envious/believe others are envious of them.
*DSM criteria: interpersonal fxn and cognition
Describe the characteristics of dependent PD, and the DSM features involved.
Submissive behavior and excessive need for emotional support, happiness depends on and is defined by others. Co-dependent. Urgently seeks relationships that are nurturing/supportive, fear they can’t take care of themselves, need approval from others.
*DSM criteria: interpersonal fxn, cognition
Describe the characteristics of avoidant PD, and the DSM features involved.
Inhibition, introversion and anxiety in social situations, fearful of judgement/embarrassment/ridicule, develops out of social phobia (considered the acute state). Want to interact with others but are afraid, crave social interactions.
Describe the characteristics of obsessive-compulsive PD, and the DSM features involved.
Rigidity, perfectionism, orderliness, indecisiveness, interpersonal control and emotional constriction. Preoccupied w/ lists/rules/organization/etc. Money is to be hoarded.
